utúvienyes

utúvienyes

utúvienyes, see *tuv-

#tuv-

find

#tuv- vb. "find", perfect #utúvië "has found" in Aragorn's exclamation when he found the sapling of the White Tree: utúvienyes "I have found it" (utúvie-nye-s "have found-I-it") (LotR3:VI ch. 5)

-nyë

i am come

-n (2), also -nyë, pronominal ending, 1st person sg. "I" (VT49:51), as in utúlien "I am come" (EO), cainen "I lay" (VT48:12-13), carin or carinyë "I do" (VT49:16), veryanen *"I married" (VT49:45). See also VT49:48. Long form -nye- with object ending -s "it" following in utúvienyes (see tuv-). A possible attestation of -n in object position ("me") is provided by the untranslated verbal form tankassen (PE17:76), where -n may be preceded by -sse- as a longer form of the 3rd person sg. ending -s (see -s #1).

caris

he/him, she/her, it

-s (1) 3rd person sg. pronominal ending "he/him, she/her, it" (VT49:48, 51), occurring in caris "he/she/it does" (VT49:16, PE17:129), caitas "it lies" (PE17:65), tentanes "it pointed" (VT49:26), tulis "(s)he comes" (VT49:19), eques (q.v.), anes (see ná #1), also (in object position) in camnelyes, caritas, caritalya(s), melinyes, tiruvantes, and utúvienyes, q.v. (Tolkien mentions -s as an "objective" ending for the 3rd person sg. in PE17:110.) The longer form -së (perhaps with personal meaning "he, she" only) is said to be "rare" (VT49:51); cf. násë "he is", nésë "he was" (see ná #1). In nésë the ending is suggested to be shortened from -sse (VT49:28), an ending that may also be attested in the untranslated verbal form tankassen (PE17:76), where it is perhaps followed by a second pronominal ending -n "me". According to PE17:129, the 3rd person sg. ending at one stage appeared as -ze "when pronominal affixes followed" (Tolkien citing the form carize-, e.g. apparently *carizet for "he makes them"); normally z would later become r, but it actually became (historically: reverted to) s by analogy with the short form caris as well as the independent pronoun se*. Exilic Quenya would then evidently have (e.g.) cariset for "he makes them", with a rare example of intervocalic s that is not derived from older þ**.

tuv-

verb. to find, discover

A verb for “find”, most notably appearing in the phrase utuvienyes “I have found it” when Aragorn found the White Tree of Gondor (LotR/971). It also has the sense “discover”, as in túvima “discoverable” (PE22/155).

Conceptual Development: In the sense “find”, ᴹQ. tuv- first appeared in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 (PE22/101, 107), though it was (briefly) replaced by ᴹQ. kim- (PE22/108 note #50, PE22/125). In Tolkien’s earlier writings, ᴱQ. tuvu- meant “receive, take”, dating back to the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/96) and appearing as ᴹQ. tuvo “take” in the late 1940s as well (PE23/92). Conversely, the Early Quenya verb for “find” was ᴱQ. tuku-, appearing with the glosses “go in search of, look for, fetch” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√TUKU (QL/95) and appearing in a few other places as well (PE15/32; VT40/8).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would mainly use tuv- in the sense “find something new = discover”, as opposed to hir- = “find something previously lost”.

hir-

find

hir- vb. "find", future tense hiruva in Namárië (hiruvalyë "thou shalt find") (Nam, RGEO:67, VT49:39); Hirilondë "Haven-finder", name of a ship (UT:192)

hir-

verb. to find

The most common Quenya verb for “find”, most notably appearing in the Namárië poem (LotR/378), based on the root √KHIR of the same basic meaning (PE17/75).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would mainly use hir- in the sense “find something previously lost”, as opposed to tuv- = “find something new = discover”.