mennai

until

mennai prep. "until" (VT14:5; in Tolkien's later Quenya rather tenna)

tenna

until, up to, as far as

tenna prep. "until, up to, as far as" (CO), "unto" (VT44:35-36), "to the point", "right up to a point" (of time/place), "until", "to the object, up to, to (reach), as far as" (VT49:22, 23, 24, PE17:187), elided tenn' in the phrase tenn' Ambar-metta "unto the ending of the world" in EO, because the next word begins in a similar vowel; cf. tennoio "for ever" (tenna + oio, q.v.) The unelided form appears in PE17:105: Tenna Ambar-metta.

-ssë

at

-ssë (1) locative ending (compare the preposition se, sé "at", q.v.); in Lóriendessë, lúmessë, máriessë, yalúmessë (q.v. for reference); pl. -ssen in yassen, lúmissen, mahalmassen, símaryassen, tarmenissen, q.v. Pronouns take the simple ending -ssë, even if the pronoun is plural by its meaning (messë "on us", VT44:12). The part. pl. (-lissë or -lissen) and dual (-tsë) locative endings are known from the Plotz letter only.

tenna

preposition. until, up to, as far as, to the point, to reach

Cognates

• ᴺS. naden “until, up to, as far as”

Derivations

• √TEN “direction; point (toward); end (in sense of point aimed at)” ✧ PE17/187; VT49/23; VT49/24; VT49/24

Element in

• Q. et sillumello ter yénion yéni tenn’ ambarmetta “*from this hour, through years of years until the ending of the world” ✧ VT44/36
• Q. sinomë maruvan ar Hildinyar tenn’ Ambar-metta “In this place will I abide, and my heirs, unto the ending of the world” ✧ LotR/0967; PE17/103; PE17/105; PE22/147
• Q. sustanë Manwëo súlë ten i indo Sindicollo ar he lastanë ar carnes “*the spirit of Manwe blew unto the heart of Thingol and he listened and did it” ✧ NM/239
• Q. tennoio “forever, forever[more]” ✧ UT/317

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√TEN > tenna	[tenna]	✧ PE17/187
√ten- > tenna	[tenna]	✧ VT49/23
√ten > tenna	[tenna]	✧ VT49/24
√ten > tenna	[tenna]	✧ VT49/24

Variations

• tenna ✧ PE17/103; PE17/103; PE17/187; UT/317; VT44/35 (tenna); VT49/23 (tenna); VT49/24; VT49/24
• Tenna ✧ PE17/105

se

at, in

se (2), also long sé, preposition "at, in" (VT43:30; compare the "locative prefix" se- possibly occurring in an early "Qenya" text, VT27:25)

na

preposition. at

prep. at (a point of time or place). Ai na vedui Dúnadan. Mae g'ovannen. 'Ah! At last, Dúnadan ! Well met !'.

aden

preposition. until

Derivations

• √TEN “direction; point (toward); end (in sense of point aimed at)”

naden

preposition. until, up to, as far as

@@@ Discord 2022-06-04

Cognates

• Q. tenna “until, up to, as far as, to the point, to reach”

Elements

Word	Gloss
na	“to, towards, at”
TEN	“direction; point (toward); end (in sense of point aimed at)”

na

at

na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”

na

at

(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”

-zê

preposition. at

A prepositional suffix translated “at” (SD/429), but not appearing in any example sentences. It is perhaps a later repurposing of the draft-dative case suffix -s, since the other draft-cases became prepositional suffixes in later versions of the Adûnaic grammar: draft genitive -ō versus later preposition -ô “from”, draft instrumental -ma versus later preposition -mâ “with”.

Cognates

• Q. -ssë “locative ending”

Variations

• zē ✧ SD/429