u-

not do, not be

#u- vb. "not do, not be" (1st pers. aorist uin "I do not, am not"), pa.t. úmë (UGU/UMU). A late (ca. 1968) source gives the forms uin, uin(yë) "I am not", uil(yë) "you are not", uis "it is not", uilmë "we are not", uir "are not" and endingless ui *"is not" (VT49:29, 36); these forms were however struck out. The example uin carë "I dont" (PE17:68) combines this negative verb with a following verb in the "simplest aorist infinitive". Compare ua in another late source. See also ui, which (despite its use as an interjection "no") seems to be the endingless 3rd person aorist.

ua-

not do, not be

ua- negative verb "not do, not be". If a verb is to be negated, ua (coming before the verb) receives any pronominal endings (and presumably also any endings for plurality or duality, -r or -t), whereas the uninflected tense-stem of the verb follows: With the ending -n for "I", one can thus have constructions like uan carë "I do not" (aorist), uan carnë "I did not" (past), uan cára "I am not doing" (present), uan caruva "I shall not do" (future). The verb ua- can itself be fully conjugated: #ua aorist (or present?), únë (past), úva "(future), #uië (perfect) (the aorist and perfect are attested only with the ending -n "I"). In "archaic Quenya" these tense-forms could be combined with an uninflected aorist stem, e.g. future *úvan carë = later Quenya uan caruva, "I shall not do". In later Quenya, only the forms ua (present or aorist) and "occasionally" the past tense form #únë were used in normal prose (únen* "I did not, was not"). (PE17:144; compare FS for úva** as a future-tense negative verb "will not")

sérë

noun. *peace

Changes

• sére → raine “*peace” ✧ VT44/34

Derivations

• √SED “rest”

Element in

• Q. ar mi cemen rainë i hínin “and on earth peace, good will toward men” ✧ VT44/35

Variations

• sére ✧ VT44/35 (sére)

holyë

noun. hen

Cognates

• ᴺS. huil “hen”

Derivations

• ✶kholyē “hen”
  • √KHOL “crow, cry aloud” ✧ PE21/82

gaeruil

noun. seaweed

uil

seaweed

uil (no distinct pl. form). Also aeruil. No distinct pl. form. (In ”Noldorin” oeruil.)

uil

seaweed

(no distinct pl. form). Also aeruil. No distinct pl. form. (In ”Noldorin” oeruil.)

huil

noun. hen

Cognates

• ᴺQ. holyë “hen”

Derivations

• ✶kholyē “hen”
  • √KHOL “crow, cry aloud” ✧ PE21/82

Element in

• ᴺS. porochuil “hen”

gaeruil

noun. seaweed

Elements

Word	Gloss
gaear	“sea”
uil	“seaweed”

porochuil

noun. hen

Elements

Word	Gloss
porog	“fowl (domestic), *chicken”
huil	“hen”

hŷl

noun. hen

Derivations

• ✶kholyē “hen”
  • √KHOL “crow, cry aloud” ✧ PE21/82

kholyē

noun. hen

Derivations

• √KHOL “crow, cry aloud” ✧ PE21/82

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. holyë “hen”
• ᴺS. huil “hen”
• ᴺS. hŷl “hen”

Variations

• kholjē ✧ PE21/82

korok

root. hen

porok

root. hen

An onomatopoeic root appearing in notes from the late 1960s with variants porok- and korok and the gloss “hen” (VT47/36). It seems to be a restoration of the form ᴱQ. poroke “barn fowl” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/75) with Gnomish cognate G. porog “fowl (domestic)” in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon (GL/64). ᴱQ. poroke “hen” reappeared in Qenya Word-lists from the 1920s (PE16/132), and primitive ✶porokĭ “fowl” and ✶porokē “hen” appeared in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from the early 1950s (PE21/82). Thus this root seems to be a pretty enduring notion.

Derivatives

• ✶porokē “hen”
  • ᴺQ. porocë “hen, barn fowl, *chicken”
• ✶poroki “fowl”
  • ᴺS. porog “fowl (domestic), *chicken”
• ᴺS. prôg “fowl, hen”

Variations

• porok ✧ VT47/36
• korok ✧ VT47/36

porokē

noun. hen

Derivations

• √POROK “hen”

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. porocë “hen, barn fowl, *chicken”

uil

noun. seaweed

uil

noun. seaweed

The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. uil “seaweed” under the root ᴹ√UY, along with a longer form N. oeruil “seaweed” where the initial element was N. oer “sea” (Ety/UY).

Cognates

• ᴹQ. uile “long trailing plant” ✧ Ety/UY

Derivations

• ᴹ√UY “*long trailing plant” ✧ Ety/UY

Element in

• ᴺS. alfuil “large white sea-bird, albatross, †swan”
• ᴺS. gaeruil “seaweed”
• N. oeruil “seaweed” ✧ Ety/UY

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√UY > uil	[ujle] > [uile] > [uil]	✧ Ety/UY

oeruil

noun. seaweed

oeruil

noun. seaweed

The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. uil “seaweed” under the root ᴹ√UY, along with a longer form N. oeruil “seaweed” where the initial element was N. oer “sea” (Ety/UY).

Neo-Sindarin: In Tolkien’s later writings, the word for “sea” was typically gaear (or gaer in compounds), so I would update the longer form to ᴺS. gaeruil for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, as suggested in HSD (HSD).

Cognates

• ᴹQ. earuile “seaweed” ✧ Ety/UY