tang

noun. flame, flash

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “a flame, a flash”, derived from the early root ᴱ√tan- (GL/69).

cang

noun/adjective. tangled, confused, mixed up, awry; tangle, confusion, mêllay

A word appearing as G. cang in the Gnomish Lexicon, functioning as both an adjective “tangled, confused, mixed up, awry, wrong” and a noun “tangle, confusion, mêllay” (GL/25). It is likely based on the early root ᴱ√KANGA or ᴱ√KAŊA “weave, twine” from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon (QL/45, 98).

Neo-Sindarin: I would retain the word ᴺS. cang for purposes of Neo-Sindarin based on a Neo-Root ᴺ√KANGA “✱tangle”.

tangar

noun. hearthgrate, fireplace

tanga-

verb. to set light to, kindle

tangor

noun. hearthgrate, fireplace

canga-

verb. to tangle

A verb appearing as G. canga- “to tangle” in the Gnomish Lexicon (GL/25), probably based on the early root ᴱ√KANGA or ᴱ√KAŊA “weave, twine” (QL/45, 98). Elsewhere in GL Tolkien had the similar and probably related intransitive verb cinga- or cangi- “to go wrong, get tangled”.

Neo-Sindarin: I would retain the verb ᴺS. canga- for purposes of Neo-Sindarin based on a Neo-Root ᴺ√KANGA “✱tangle”, incorporating the meanings of both transitive “tangle” and intransitive “get tangled, [by extension] go wrong”.

loctha-

verb. to curl (tr.), bend, wind, twine, tie knot, tangle

A verb appearing as G. loctha- “curl (tr.), bend, wind, twine, tie knot, tangle” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/54), clearly based on the early root ᴱ√LOKO “twine, twist, curl” (QL/55).

Neo-Sindarin: Since √LOK “bend, loop” survived in Tolkien’s later writing, I would retain this word but update it to ᴺS. loetha- “to curl, bend, wind, twine” to better fit Sindarin phonology, dropping the meanings “tie knot, tangle” for which I would use [N.] nod- “tie” and [G.] canga- “tangle”.

tantha-

verb. to set light to, kindle

A verb in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “set light to, kindle”, appearing under the early root ᴱ√tan-, with a variant form tanga- nearby (GL/69).

cantha

noun. flame

A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “flame” (GL/25), probably based on the early root ᴱ√KṆŘṆ [KṆÐṆ] “shine” (QL/47).

gwidhon

adjective. woven

An adjective for “woven” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s based on the verb G. gwidh- “weave” (GL/46).

palta-

verb. to beat

pieg

noun. pin

A noun for “pin” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/64), clearly related to ᴱQ. piek “pin” (QL/73).