suhto
draught
-da
draught, the amount drunk
-da suffix used to derive nouns denoting the result of an action, like yulda "draught, the amount drunk" (the stem YUL is here given the meaning "drink"). (PE17:68) Cf. also carda "deed" (q.v.) vs. the verb car- "do".
yulda
draught, something drunk, a drink, the amount drunk
yulda noun "draught, something drunk, a drink, the amount drunk", pl. yuldar (Nam, PE17:63, 68, RGEO:66). See -da regarding etymology.
suith
noun. draught
suith
draught
*suith (i huith, o suith), no distinct pl. form except with article (i suith). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” sûth.
suith
draught
(i huith, o suith), no distinct pl. form except with article (i suith). – Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” sûth.
suith
noun. draught, [G.] a drink
Derivations
- √SOK “drink, gulp, quaff, drain”
Element in
- ᴺS. suithlas “tea, *(lit.) drink of leaf”
yll
noun. draught
A neologism for “draught” coined by Ryszard Derdzinski in PPW (PPW) from the early 2000s, based on Q. yulda. I prefer ᴺS. suith “draught, a drink”, but ᴺS. yll might be preferable if you think Tolkien abandoned the root √SOK/SUK “drink”.
Cognates
- Q. yulda “drink, draught, thing drunk; cup”
Derivations
- √YUL “drink”
Element in
- ᴺS. yllas “tea, *(lit.) drink of leaf”
sûth
noun. draught
sûth
noun. draught
A noun appearing as N. sûth “draught” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√SUK “drink”, likely from primitive ✱suktō given its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. suhto (Ety/SUK). It is thus likely that the combination ukt vocalized to ūth, as it did for similar words in The Etymologies such as N. lhûtha- “enchant” vs. ᴹQ. luhta- under the root ᴹ√LUK (Ety/LUK).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s instead had G. suith “a drink, a draught” (GL/68) from the early root ᴱ√SOKO (QL/85), representing a different vocalization: okt vocalizing to oith (HPG/§2.6) and then oi becoming ui (PE15/13). It seems the phonetic developments in The Etymologies of that late 1930s were different, but in notes on The Feanorian Alphabet from this same period, Tolkien said [ui] was the result of vocalized u + χ (PE22/40), and indeed that seems to be the phonetic developments in later Sindarin as well, given words like S. nuitha- from primitive ✶nuktā- (WJ/413).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I’d use ᴺS. suith for “draught, a drink”, a form I saw first suggested by David Salo in his book Gateway to Sindarin (GS/321).
Cognates
- ᴹQ. suhto “draught, draught, *a single act of drinking” ✧ Ety/SUK
Derivations
- ᴹ√SUK “drink, drain” ✧ Ety/SUK
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√SUK > sûth [suktu] > [sukto] > [suktʰo] > [suxθo] > [sūθo] > [sūθ] ✧ Ety/SUK
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
suhto
noun. draught, draught, *a single act of drinking
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “draught” derived from the root ᴹ√SUK “drink” (Ety/SUK).
Neo-Quenya: This noun may have been replaced by Q. yulda “something drunk, a drink, a draught” (LotR/377; PE17/63), but I think suhto might be retained in reference to “a single act of drinking” vs. yulda for “a drink, the thing drunk”.
Cognates
- N. sûth “draught” ✧ Ety/SUK
Derivations
- ᴹ√SUK “drink, drain” ✧ Ety/SUK
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√SUK > suhto [sukto] > [suxto] ✧ Ety/SUK
suith
noun. drink, draught
Derivations
- ᴱ√SOKO “*drink” ✧ GL/68
Element in
- G. suithlas “tea” ✧ GL/68
suhto noun "draught" (SUK)