(vb.) soga- (3rd person sg. sôg, pa.t. sunc or sogant; passive participle sogannen). Hence i hôg ”who drinks”, ?i sogar ”who drink”. The form ”asogant” in LR:388 s.v. _
Noldorin
sog-
verb. to drink
sog-
verb. to drink
Sindarin
soga
drink
soga
drink
(3rd person sg. sôg, pa.t. sunc or sogant; passive participle sogannen). Hence i hôg ”who drinks”, ?i sogar ”who drink”. The form ”asogant” in LR:388 s.v. SUK is an error for sogant, VT46:16. The participle, listed in
sogannen
lr
.
ýl-
verb. to drink
Primitive elvish
yul
root. drink
A root meaning “drink” in Tolkien’s later writings, most notably the basis for Q. yulda “draught” and Q. yulma “cup” from the Q. Namárië poem (LotR/377). It seems likely the root was coined in association with this poem, though there are no signs of any yul- forms in its earliest drafts from the 1940s (TI/284). The root √YUL (or √JULU) was mentioned a number of times in Tolkien’s later writings in the 1950s and 60s (PE17/63, 180; PE22/155; WJ/416), but there is no sign of it before then. In earlier writings Tolkien generally used √SOK or √SUK for “drink”, and the root √SOK appeared as late as the Quendi and Eldar essay of 1959-60 (VT39/11), an essay that also referenced √YUL (WJ/416). Thus it isn’t clear whether √SOK was supplanted by √YUL, or if the two roots coexisted.
Quenya
yul-
verb. to drink
A verb for “to drink” from the 1950s and 60s (PE17/63) based on the root √YUL of the same meaning (PE22/155; WJ/416).
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Gnomish
sog-
verb. to drink
Early Noldorin
sog-
verb. to drink
lhif-
verb. to drink
A verb appearing as {lhib >>} lhif “drinks” in the Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1910s derived from primitive ᴱ✶sḷp- or ᴱ✶sḷq- (PE13/148-149).
Early Quenya
sok-
verb. to drink
soq-
verb. to drink
soko-
verb. to drink
Early Primitive Elvish
soko
root. *drink
sḷp-
verb. to drink
bapa Speculative
root. drink
Qenya
suk-
verb. to drink, to drink [rapidly], *gulp, quaff
A verb appearing in The Etymologies of the 1930s as sukin “I drink” under the root ᴹ√SUK “drink” (Ety/SUK).
Conceptual Development: The verb was ᴱQ. soko- “drink” in the Qenya Lexicon and the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√SOKO (QL/85; PME/85). In the somewhat later Qenya Verb Forms from the 1910s the verb was ᴱQ. soq- “drink” (PE14/28), but in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s the verb was again sok “drink” (PE16/141). The form ᴹQ. suk- in The Etymologies of the 1930s reflects a change in the root form √SOK > √SUK. The forms √SOK and √SUK “drain, drink” appeared as variants of each other in both version of the Tengwesta Qenderinwa from the 1930s (TQ1: PE18/45) and 1950s (TQ1: PE18/94), and √SOK “gulp, quaff, drink” appeared in notes from around 1960 (VT39/11).
Neo-Quenya: In the 1950s and 60s, the more common verb for “drink” was Q. yul-. I think the verb suc- might be retained for purposes of Neo-Quenya with the stronger senses “drink [rapidly], ✱gulp, quaff”, based on the root meaning circa 1960.
Middle Primitive Elvish
sok
root. drink
sug
root. drink
A verb appearing as infinitive sogo “drink” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√SUK of the same meaning (Ety/SUK), with short u becoming o as usual.
Conceptual Development: The same verb G. sog- “drink” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/68), but in Tolkien’s earlier writings the root was ᴱ√SOKO (QL/85). The verb ᴱN. sog- also seems to appear in sample sentences in the Early Noldorin Grammar of the 1920s such as ᴱN. manthil sóg odog “✱having eaten he drinks a lot” (PE13/128), but these sentences were not translated.
Neo-Sindarin: In Tolkien’s later writing, the usual Quenya word for “drink” was Q. yul- from the root √YUL, so some Neo-Sindarin writers prefer to coin a neologism ᴺS. ýl- “drink” based on this root. However, I prefer to retain sog- for “drink” in Neo-Sindarin, since the roots √SOK and √SUK also appeared in Tolkien’s later writings, including documents that also had √YUL (PE18/94; VT39/11).