sinwa passive participle "known, certain, ascertained" (PE17:68), connecting with ista- and sintë. Also sína.
Quenya
isintë
knew
sinwa
known, certain, ascertained
sína
known, certain, ascertained
sína passive participle "known, certain, ascertained" (PE17:68), connecting with ista- and sintë. Also sinwa.
ista
verb. know
ista-
know
ista- (2) vb. "know", pa.t. sintë (IS, LT2:339, VT48:25). This past tense Tolkien called "certainly irregular" (VT48:25, where an alternative pa.t. isintë is also mentioned, but sintë is said to be the older form; compare editorial notes in VT48:32. Ista- is also used for "can" in the sense of "know how to", as in istan quetë "I can speak (because I have learned (a) language)" (VT41:6) Passive participle sinwa "known, certain, ascertained" (VT49:68)
ista-
verb. to know
Derivations
- √IS “know” ✧ PE17/155; VT41/06; VT48/25
Element in
- Q. iluisa “omniscient” ✧ VT39/20
- ᴺQ. istalë “information”
- ᴺQ. istanómë “school, academy”
- Q. istan quetë “I can speak, I know how to speak” ✧ PE17/155; PE17/155
- Q. Istar “Wizard, (lit.) One Who Knows”
- Q. istima “wise (in sense knowing very much), knowledgeable, very well informed, learned”
- Q. laista “ignorance, (lit.) not-knowing”
- Q. lá istan “I suppose so, I don’t know” ✧ PE22/158
- Q. sinwa “known, certain, ascertained” ✧ PE17/068
- Q. sívë “knowing, knowledge”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ISI > istan [istan] ✧ PE17/155 √isi > istan [istan] ✧ VT41/06 √IS > is-ta [ista-] ✧ VT48/25 Variations
- ista ✧ PE17/052; PE22/164; VT49/16
- istā ✧ PE22/148 (istā)
- is-ta ✧ VT48/25
istanwa
known, generally recognized
sintë
noun. esteem; estimate, computation
Derivations
- ᴺ✶. SINIT “esteem”
isintë pa.t. vb. "knew", irregular pa.t. of ista- (besides sintë) (VT48:25; in VT48:32 this is analyzed as being the same formation as oantë)