Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Gnomish

raith

noun. extent, reach; region, sphere, district; scope

The noun G. raith appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, with glosses “extent, reach; region, sphere, district; scope” (GL/65). It was likely based on the early root ᴱ√RAHA “stretch forward” (QL/32, 78). A similar form ᴱN. rhaith appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, but without any gloss (PE13/152).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would update this noun to ᴺS. raeth, basing it on the later root ᴹ√RAK “stretch out, reach” with the Sindarin phonological result of aeth < aith from the vocalization of ancient akt(h). I would use it only for the senses “extent, reach, scope”, since there are plenty of later attested words for things like “region, sphere, district”.

raitha-

verb. to reach at, reach for; to reach, extend (intr.)

A verb appearing as G. raitha- in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, meaning both “[trans.] reach at, reach for” and “intr. reach, extend” (GL/65). It was likely based on the early root ᴱ√RAHA “stretch forward” (QL/32, 78).

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would update this noun to ᴺS. raetha-, basing it on the later root ᴹ√RAK “stretch out, reach” with the Sindarin phonological result of aeth < aith from the vocalization of ancient akt(h). In its transitive sense it seems that it does not require a preposition, so i adan raethant i vegil “the man reached [for] the sword”, with “for” not expressed in the Sindarin phrase.

beb

adverb. [unglossed]

brid-

verb. [unglossed]

clidhron

noun. [unglossed]

climbol

noun. [unglossed]

dôn

?. [unglossed]

noun. [unglossed]

gatha

?. [unglossed]

@@@ form does not appear elsewhere and similar forms are not relevant

pad

noun. [unglossed]

praust

noun. [unglossed]

prog

noun. [unglossed]

rab-

verb. [unglossed]

noun. [unglossed]

sind

noun. [unglossed]

sinthi

pronoun. [unglossed]

thail

noun. [unglossed]

thel

noun. [unglossed]

thelg

noun. [unglossed]

thil

noun. [unglossed]

thion

noun. [unglossed]

thrim

?. [unglossed]

thug

noun. [unglossed]

Gnomish [GG/12; GL/73] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thû-

verb. [unglossed]

trum

?. [unglossed]

tûn

noun. [unglossed]

ulthanc

noun. [unglossed]

umeg

?. [unglossed]

’ôs

noun. [unglossed]