Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Gnomish

och

noun. egg

A word appearing as G. och “egg” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/62), likely based on the early root ᴱ√OHO from which Qenya “egg” words were derived (QL/69). It has a somewhat unusual plural form uith, likely from primitive ✱oχ-þ- as suggested by Roman Rausch with the vocalization of to oi which then became ui (HPG/§2.8).

Neo-Sindarin: I’d retain ᴺS. och “egg” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin based on a Neo-Root ᴺ√OKH, but I’d give it a more normal Sindarin plural: ych “eggs”.

Gnomish [GL/62; GL/74] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ochlad

noun. week

The word for “week” in Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s was G. ochlad. It is related to the word G. odin “seven” and derived from ᴱ✶ot·g’lāta (GL/62), though its exact phonetic development is obscure. Roman Rausch speculated (HPG/2.6) that the [tgl] somehow became [ɣl] (ʒl) and then [ɣl] > [xl] (chl).

Conceptual Development: In a very early list of weekday names, this word appeared as G. oglad (PE14/16, 21), but it was altered to ochlad in the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s (GL/62).

Neo-Sindarin: There are no later words for a seven-day week in Noldorin or Sindarin. The closest we come is N. lhevnar for the Valarin five-day week, but this is inappropriate since it is based on the root ᴹ√LEPEN “five”.

The later Sindarin word for “seven” was odog from the root √OTOK. It is difficult but not impossible to produce initial och- from this root. Such a form appeared in S. ochui, a variant of othui “seventh”. This word probably developed from ✱✶ot’kō-yā > okkōyā > okkhuia > ochui, similar to the development of ✶etkat- > S. echad-. Perhaps ᴺS. ochlad could be derived from primitive ✱✶ot’k-galáta > okkh’lata > ochlad (“seven shining?”). However, the combination chl does not appear in later Sindarin.

The earlier (replaced) form oglad “week” is more phonetically plausible in Sindarin, since the gl does occur medially. However, this word probably reflects the Gnomish phonetic rule that [[g|[dl] became [gl]]], a rule Tolkien retained in Noldorin but abandoned in Sindarin. So perhaps a more appropriated revised form would be ᴺS. odlad, from ✱ot(ok)-g’lata > otlata > odlad, analogous to the revision of N. eglenn “exiled” >> S. edlen(n).

Gnomish [GL/62; PE14/016; PE14/021] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ocha

noun. fleece

A word for “fleece” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s derived from primitive ᴱ✶ou̯χē (GL/62) and hence based on the early root ᴱ√OWO having to do with wool (QL/71).

octha

noun. knee

The word G. octha “knee” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/62), clearly a cognate of ᴱQ. okka “knee” (QL/70).

Neo-Sindarin: In the VQP (VQP), Sami Paldanius proposed adapting this word as the neologism ᴺS. ogod “knee”, by analogy with the revision of G. leptha “finger” to [N.] lhebed.

oglad

noun. week