Turcil

númenórean

Turcil ("k")noun "Númenórean" (TUR), stem turcild- as in pl.turcildi (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Variant of Tarcil; see VT46:17.

tarcil

proper name. High Man, Númenórean

A term for the “high men”, those of Númenórean descent (LotR/1131). It is a compound of tar- “high” and a shortened form of Hildo “Man”.

Conceptual Development: In the early tales of Númenor from the 1930-40s, Tolkien used the term ᴹQ. Turkil “Great or Lordly Man” in the different versions of the Lament of Atalante (LR/47, SD/246). The initial element of this earlier term was derived from the root ᴹ√TUR “power, control, mastery, victory”, as indicated in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/TUR). The term ᴹQ. Tarkil also appeared in The Etymologies, and the two terms seemed to be equivalent (Ety/TĀ, TUR). In Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, only the term ᴹQ. Tarkil appears (TI/8, 84; WR/310), so apparently Turkil became obsolete.

Cognates

• S. Terchil “High-men” ✧ PE17/101

Derivations

• ✶tarkhilde “high-Men” ✧ PE17/101

Derivatives

• Bs. tark “man of Gondor” ✧ LotR/1131; PE17/101

Elements

Word	Gloss
tar-	“high, high; [ᴹQ.] king or queen (in compounds)”
Hildor	“Men, Aftercomers, (lit.) Followers”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶tarkhildī > tarkildi	[tarkʰildī] > [tarxildī] > [tarkildī] > [tarkildi]	✧ PE17/101

Variations

• tarkil ✧ LotR/1131; PE17/101
• Tarkil ✧ PMI/Tarkil

dúnadan

númenórean

(i Núnadan) (Man of the West), pl. Dúnedain (i Ndúnedain) (WJ:378, 386)

tark

noun. man of Gondor

Derivations

• Q. Tarcil “High Man, Númenórean” ✧ LotR/1131; PE17/101
  • ✶tarkhilde “high-Men” ✧ PE17/101

Variations

• tarks ✧ LotR/0906
• Tark(s) ✧ LotRI/Tark(s)
• Tark ✧ SDI1/Tark

adûnâ

noun. Númenórean, (lit.) Westerner

The Adûnaic word for the Númenóreans themselves, clearly related to adûn “west” (PE17/18, SD/240). It is attested only in plural forms Adûnâi (normal plural) and Adûnâim (subjective plural). The final vowel of its singular form must be a long â; if it were short, its plural form would be ✱✱Adûnî instead of the attested Adûnâi.

Element in

• Ad. Adûnayân “language of Númenor”
• Ad. Ârû ’nAdûnâi “King of the Anadunians” ✧ SD/429
• Ad. Adūnāim azūlada “The Adunai (Men of W.) eastward” ✧ SD/312