Quenya 

nat

thing

nat noun "thing" (NĀ2); compare únat. VT49:30 lists "năta, nat", but it is unclear whether năta is here a Quenya word or an etymological form underlying Quenya nat.

nat

noun. thing

A Quenya noun for “thing” derived from the root √ “be, exist” (VT49/30, Ety/NĀ²), so perhaps prehistorically simply “a thing that exists”. Its plural form nati is indirectly attested in the plural únati of its (strong) negation únat “a thing impossible to be or to be done” (VT39/26).

Conceptual Development: This word is well established in Tolkien’s writings, appearing all the way back in the Qenya Lexicon from the 1910s (QL/64). In its earliest iteration, its stem form was natt- and its plural was natsi, where [[eq|[ti] became [tsi]]] as was the usual pattern in Early Qenya. The word reappear in texts and notes from the 1920s (PE14/43, 72; PE15/32, 68, 78). In one early dictionary entry glossed more generally as “affair, matter, thing”, but this entry was deleted (PE15/68); in other early writings the word for “affair” was given as ᴱQ. natto (QL/64). The word reappeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s with a simplified stem form nat- given its Noldorin equivalent N. nad (Ety/NĀ²). The word appeared again in the late 1960s in notes associated with Q. ná- “to be”, where it was given the primitive form ✶năta (VT49/30).

Derivations

  • năta “thing” ✧ VT49/30
    • “be (the same as another), exist”

Element in

  • ᴺQ. natto “affair, *matter, thing”
  • Q. únat “thing impossible to be or to be done”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
năta > nat[nata] > [nat]✧ VT49/30

únat

thing impossible to be or to be done

únat noun "a thing impossible to be or to be done" (VT39:26) Cf. ú- and nat.

únat

noun. thing impossible to be or to be done

Elements

WordGloss
ú-“no, not, un-, in-; hard, difficult, bad, uneasy; hardly, with difficulty, ‘badly’”
nat“thing”

nan-

prefix. back (again), back (again); [ᴹQ.] backwards

Changes

  • nan-nan- “back or again” ✧ PE17/166

Cognates

  • S. dan “back to, (back in return) against, down upon, back on, back again” ✧ PE17/166; PE17/166

Derivations

  • ndan- “back-” ✧ PE17/166
    • (N)DAN “back (again); retreat, go back, give way (as one advances), revert, back (again), [ᴹ√] backwards; [√] retreat, go back, give way (as one advances), revert” ✧ PE17/166
  • (N)DAN “back (again); retreat, go back, give way (as one advances), revert, back (again), [ᴹ√] backwards; [√] retreat, go back, give way (as one advances), revert” ✧ PE17/166

Element in

  • ᴺQ. nanhanquet- “to answer back”
  • ᴺQ. nanquet- “to answer”
  • ᴺQ. nallamya- “to echo, sound back, reverberate”
  • ᴺQ. nampaitya- “to pay back”
  • ᴺQ. nananta- “to give back, *return [something]”
  • ᴺQ. nancal- “to reflect, (lit.) shine back”
  • ᴺQ. nancam- “to receive back”
  • Q. nancar- “to undo, to undo, *destroy” ✧ PE17/166
  • ᴺQ. nancarpa- “to talk back”
  • ᴺQ. nangwesa “answer”
  • ᴺQ. nanhalya- “to unveil, reveal”
  • ᴺQ. nanhat- “to cast back, reflect”
  • ᴺQ. nannem- “to disappear”
  • ᴺQ. nanquer- “to turn back, turn around”
  • Q. nanquer- “*to turn back”
  • ᴺQ. nanquet- “to talk back, speak against”
  • ᴺQ. nantar- “to stand back”
  • Q. nanwen- “to return, go/come back” ✧ PE17/166; PE17/166
  • ᴺQ. nanwenta- “to send back”
  • ᴺQ. nanwera “ransom”
  • ᴺQ. nanwerë “ransom”
  • Q. nattir- “to look back” ✧ PE17/166 (nattire)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
nana-/ndan- > nan-[ndan-] > [nan-]✧ PE17/166
NDĀ̆ > nan-[ndan-] > [nan-]✧ PE17/166

Variations

  • nat ✧ PE17/166 (nat)

raiwe

lace

[raiwe noun "lace" (VT42:12)]

raiwë

noun. lace

A word for “lace” appearing in The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor from the late 1960s from the root √RAY “net, knit, contrive network or lace, involve in a network, enlace” (VT42/12). The glossed form raiwe “lace” was deleted, but later in the same note Tolkien gave “S. raef or raew (blend of Q. raima and raiwe) ‘net’,” and this second instance of raiwe was not deleted.

Cognates

  • S. raew “net” ✧ VT42/12

Derivations

  • RAY “net, knit, contrive network or lace, involve in a network, enlace” ✧ VT42/12

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
RAY > raiwe[raiwe] > [raiwe]✧ VT42/12

Variations

  • raiwe ✧ VT42/12 (raiwe); VT42/12

engwë

thing

engwë noun "thing" (VT39:7, VT49:28). Extrapolation may also point to *engwë as an emphatic dual inclusive pronoun "we" (thou and I), corresponding to the ending -ngwë.

engwë

noun. thing

Derivations

  • “be, exist”

Variations

  • engwe ✧ VT39/07