(war), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "dim shape, apparition".
Quenya
húni
noun. bitch, *female dog
Cognates
- ᴺS. huil “bitch, *female dog”
Derivations
- ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay”
holyë
noun. hen
Cognates
- ᴺS. huil “hen”
Derivations
Sindarin
dagor
noun. battle
dagor
noun. battle
Derivations
- √NDAK “hew, slay, slay; hew” ✧ SA/dagor
Element in
- S. Dagor Aglareb “Glorious Battle” ✧ S/115
- S. Dagor Arnediad “Battle of Unnumbered Tears”
- S. Dagor Bragollach “Battle of Sudden Flame” ✧ S/151
- S. Dagor Dagorath “*Battle of All Battles”
- S. Dagorlad “Battle-plain” ✧ S/292
- S. Dagorlind “Singer in Battle”
- S. Dagor-nuin-Giliath “Battle-under-Stars” ✧ S/106
- ᴺS. dagras “slaughter”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √ndak- > dagor [ndakro] > [dakro] > [dakr] > [dagr] > [dagor] ✧ SA/dagor Variations
- Dagor ✧ S/106; S/115; S/151; S/292
huil
noun. hen
Cognates
- ᴺQ. holyë “hen”
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺS. porochuil “hen”
huil
noun. bitch, *female dog
Cognates
- ᴺQ. húni “bitch, *female dog”
Derivations
- ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay”
hûl
cry of encouragement in battle
porochuil
noun. hen
Elements
Word Gloss porog “fowl (domestic), *chicken” huil “hen”
hŷl
noun. hen
Derivations
auth
battle
maeth
battle
(i vaeth) (fight), no distinct pl. except with article (i maeth).
dagor
battle
(noun) 1) dagor (i nagor, o ndagor), analogical pl. degyr (i ndegyr), coll. pl. dagorath. Archaic dagr, so we might have expected dagrath as the coll. pl.; dagorath would be an analogical formation. 2) (battle of two or a few, not a general host) maeth (i vaeth) (fight), no distinct pl. except with article (i maeth). 3) auth (war), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "dim shape, apparition".
dagor
battle
(i nagor, o ndagor), analogical pl. degyr (i ndegyr), coll. pl. dagorath. Archaic dagr, so we might have expected dagrath as the coll. pl.; dagorath would be an analogical formation.
dagra
battle
(verb, "do battle, make war") dagra- (i nagra, i ndagrar), also dagrada- (i nagrada, i ndagradar)
dagra
battle
(i nagra, i ndagrar), also dagrada- (i nagrada, i ndagradar)
Primitive elvish
kholyē
noun. hen
Derivations
- √KHOL “crow, cry aloud” ✧ PE21/82
Derivatives
Variations
- kholjē ✧ PE21/82
korok
root. hen
porok
root. hen
An onomatopoeic root appearing in notes from the late 1960s with variants porok- and korok and the gloss “hen” (VT47/36). It seems to be a restoration of the form ᴱQ. poroke “barn fowl” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/75) with Gnomish cognate G. porog “fowl (domestic)” in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon (GL/64). ᴱQ. poroke “hen” reappeared in Qenya Word-lists from the 1920s (PE16/132), and primitive ✶porokĭ “fowl” and ✶porokē “hen” appeared in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from the early 1950s (PE21/82). Thus this root seems to be a pretty enduring notion.
Derivatives
Variations
- porok ✧ VT47/36
- korok ✧ VT47/36
porokē
noun. hen
Derivations
- √POROK “hen”
Derivatives
- ᴺQ. porocë “hen, barn fowl, *chicken”
Noldorin
maeth
noun. battle, fight (not of general host but of two or a few)
dagor
noun. battle
dagor
noun. battle
Derivations
Element in
- N. Dagor Aglareb “Glorious Battle”
- N. Dagor Nirnaith “Battle of Unnumbered Tears”
- N. Dagor Vregedúr “Battle of Sudden Fire”
- N. Dagor Delothrin “Terrible Battle”
- N. Dagorlad “Battle Plain”
- N. Dagor nuin Giliath “Battle-under-Stars”
- N. Dagor-os-Giliath “Battle under Stars”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources On. ndakro > dagr > dagor [ndakro] > [dakro] > [dakr] > [dagr] > [dagor] ✧ Ety/NDAK
dagr
noun. battle
dagra-
verb. to battle
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Gnomish
huil
noun. bitch, *female dog
The word G. huil “bitch” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s as a female variant of G. hû “dog” (GL/49).
Neo-Sindarin: I would adapt this word as huil “bitch, ✱female dog” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin as a derivative of later root ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay” (Ety/KHUGAN), perhaps derived from primitive ✱khūgil; compare to S. huan “hound”.
Cognates
- Eq. suni “bitch, *female dog”
uil
noun. hen
The word G. uil “hen” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/74), almost certainly a cognate of ᴱQ. oi “bird, hen” which Tolkien considered deriving from ᴱ√OHO “cry” (QL/69). In Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from the early 1950s, Tolkien had the primitive word ✶kholjē “hen” derived from the root √KHOL “crow, cry aloud” (PE21/82), which may be a later iteration of this Gnomish uil “hen” word.
Neo-Sindarin: Based on the above, Gábor Lőrinczi proposed a neologism ᴺS. hŷl “hen” as recorded in the VQP (VQP). However, my analysis of Sindarin phonology indicates that ᴺS. huil is the more likely result ✶kholjē: compare thuil and thuin plurals of thôn and thôl, and possibly also ruin < ✱runyā and fuir < ✱forya. For further details see the entry on how [[s|final [i] intruded into preceding syllable]] in Sindarin.
In any case, I recommend ᴺS. huil for “hen” in Neo-Sindarin, or its more elaborate form ᴺS. porochuil.
Derivations
- ᴱ√OHO “*egg”
Element in
- G. porogwil “hen” ✧ GL/74
porogwil
noun. hen
The word G. porogwil appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s as a combination of G. porog “fowl (domestic)” and G. uil “hen” (GL/64, 74).
Neo-Sindarin: I would adapt this word as ᴺS. porochuil for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, updating the second element to the neologism ᴺS. huil “hen”. The longer form is better distinguished from ᴺS. huil “bitch, female dog”.
Variations
- porog-wil ✧ GL/74
gothwen
noun. battle
Element in
- G. û gwilthi – gwilm ’othwenion “*it is not peace — [the] cessation of battles” ✧ GL/45
Early Primitive Elvish
swǝnī
noun. bitch, *female dog
Derivations
- ᴱ√SAẆA “*dog” ✧ QL/082
Derivatives
- Eq. suni “bitch, *female dog” ✧ PE12/026; QL/082
Variations
- sw(ǝ)nī́ ✧ PE12/026
- sẇǝnī́ ✧ QL/082
Early Quenya
suni
noun. bitch, *female dog
ᴱQ. suni “bitch” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s derived from ᴱ✶sẇǝnī́ under the early root ᴱ√SAẆA < sǝwǝ (QL/82). This word also appeared in the Qenya Phonology with a similar derivation (PE12/26), and appeared again in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/82).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I’d update this word to ᴺQ. húni “bitch, ✱female dog” using the later root ᴹ√KHUG that seems to have replaced ᴱ√SAẆA (Ety/KHUGAN).
Cognates
- G. huil “bitch, *female dog”
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ✶sw(ǝ)nī́ > suni [swǝnī] > [swnī] > [swni] > [suni] ✧ PE12/026 ᴱ✶sẇǝnī́ > suni [swǝnī] > [swnī] > [swni] > [suni] ✧ QL/082
(i chûl, o chûl, construct hul), pl. huil (i chuil)