hamma

clothe

(i chamma, i chammar)

hab

clothe

1) hab- (i châb, i chebir), pa.t. hamp; 2) hamma- (i chamma, i chammar)

hab

clothe

(i châb, i chebir), pa.t. hamp

hamma-

verb. to clothe

The form hamnia- in the Etymologies is a misreading according to VT/45:21

hamma-

verb. to clothe, to clothe, *put on clothes, get dressed

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHAP “enfold” ✧ Ety/KHAP

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√KHAP > hamma-	[kʰampa-] > [kʰampʰa-] > [xampʰa-] > [xamɸa-] > [xamfa-] > [xamma-] > [hamma-] > [hamma-]	✧ Ety/KHAP

Variations

• hamnia- ✧ EtyAC/KHAP

hab-

verb. to clothe

hab-

verb. to clothe

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “clothe” and derived from the root ᴹ√KHAP “enfold” (Ety/KHAP), along with a variant N. hamma- of the same meaning (EtyAC/KHAP). In The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road, Christopher Tolkien gave the form of the second verb as hamnia- (LR/363), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne confirmed that the actual form was hamma- in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT45/21).

Conceptual Development: There was a verb of similar meaning in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s: G. {baitha- >>} baidha- “to clothe” (GL/21). This was derived from the early root ᴱ√VAẎA “enfold, wind about” as suggested by Christopher Tolkien (LT1A/Vai; QL/100).

Neo-Sindarin: In The Etymologies, Tolkien made no distinction between N. hab- and N. hamma-, except that the latter seems to be the basis for (the gerund?) N. hammad “clothing”. For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would use hab- for any covering of cloth, but would use hamma- for the more specific act of putting on clothing or getting dressed.

Derivations

• ᴹ√KHAP “enfold” ✧ Ety/KHAP

Element in

• ᴺS. hammen “clothed, clad”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√KHAP > hab-	[kʰap-] > [xap-] > [xab-] > [hab-]	✧ Ety/KHAP