rotto
cave, tunnel
rotelë
cave
rotelë noun "cave" (LT2:347)
felco
cave, mine, underground dwelling
felco noun "cave, mine, underground dwelling" (PE17:118); also felca, felehta
felya
cave
felya noun "cave" (PHÉLEG), "mine, boring, tunnel, underground dwel[ling]" (PE17:118)
grond
adjective. very weighty and ponderous
adj. very weighty and ponderous. >> gronn
grond
noun. 'very weighty and ponderous'
grond
proper name. Hammer of the Underworld
The great mace of Morgoth glossed “Hammer of the Underworld” (S/154). It is simply grond “club” used as a name (Ety/RUD, PE17/183).
Conceptual Development: The name ᴱN. Grond first appeared in the Lays of Beleriand from the 1920s (LB/285) and again in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/284), already with the translation given above. The name N. Grond appeared in The Etymologies with the derivation given above (Ety/RUD).
Elements
Word Gloss grond “weighty, ponderous” Variations
- grond ✧ PE17/099
grond
adjective. weighty, ponderous
Cognates
- Q. ronda “solid, firm” ✧ PE17/183
Derivations
Element in
- S. Grond “Hammer of the Underworld” ✧ PE17/183
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √G-RON > grond [gronda] > [grond] > [gronn] ✧ PE17/183 Variations
- gronn ✧ PE17/099; PE17/183
rond
noun. cave roof
rond
noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed
gronn
adjective. very weighty and ponderous
gronn
adjective. weighty, ponderous
groth
noun. cave, tunnel, large excavation
groth
noun. delving, underground dwelling
roth
noun. cave
n. cave. Q. rondo.
feleg
noun. cave
n. cave, mine, underground dwelling. Q. felco. Q.
fela
cave
(pl. fili). In the Etymologies (LR:381 s.v. PHÉLEG) the name Felagund is said to include this word, but since Tolkien later re-explained this name as a borrowing from Dwarvish, some would consider fela as a word for ”cave” conceptually obsolete.
grond
club
grond (i **rond, construct gron), pl. grynd (in grynd), coll. pl. gronnath**
grond
club
(i ’rond, construct gron), pl. grynd (in grynd), coll. pl. gronnath
rond
cave
(construct ron) (cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling, hall with vaulted roof), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath
grôd
cave
1) grôd (i **rôd, construct grod) (delving, excavation, underground dwelling), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414), 2) groth (i **roth) (delving, large excavation), pl. gryth (in gryth) (VT46:12), 3) rond (construct ron) (cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling, hall with vaulted roof), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath, 4) roth (delving, large excavation), pl. ryth, 4) gathrod (i **athrod), pl. gethryd (i ngethryd = i ñethryd), 5) fela (pl. fili). In the Etymologies (LR:381 s.v. PHÉLEG) the name Felagund is said to include this word, but since Tolkien later re-explained this name as a borrowing from Dwarvish, some would consider fela** as a word for ”cave” conceptually obsolete.
grôd
cave
(i ’rôd, construct grod) (delving, excavation, underground dwelling), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414)
groth
cave
(i ’roth) (delving, large excavation), pl. gryth (in gryth) (VT46:12)
othronn
fortress in a cave/caves
(pl. ethrynn for archaic öthrynn) (underground stronghold). Cited in archaic form othrond in the source (WJ:414).
roth
cave
(delving, large excavation), pl. ryth, 4) gathrod (i ’athrod), pl. gethryd (i ngethryd = i ñethryd)
rhûd
artificial cave
(construct rhud, with article ?i thrûd or ?i rûd – *the lenition product of rh- is uncertain) (dwelling underground, rockhewn hall, mine), pl. rhuid (?idh ruid). (PM:365)*
grond
noun. club
grond
noun. club
Cognates
- ᴹQ. runda “rough piece of wood” ✧ Ety/RUD
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources On. runda > grond [runda] > [grunda] > [gronda] > [grond] ✧ Ety/RUD
grond
proper name. Hammer of the Underworld
rond
noun. cave
rhond
noun. cave roof
rhond
noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed
gathrod
noun. cave
gathrod
noun. cave
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “cave”, apparently a combination of N. gath “cavern” and ᴹ√ROT “tunnel” (Ety/GAT(H)). Its initial element also appeared in the name N. Doriath “Land of the Cave”, but in later writings S. Doriath was redefined as “Land of the Fence” with final element S. iath “fence” (WJ/370), so N. gathrod “cave” was probably abandoned.
Elements
Word Gloss gath “cavern” ROT “bore, tunnel”
rhonn
noun. cave roof
rhonn
noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed
fela
noun. cave
fela
noun. cave
Cognates
- ᴹQ. felya “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
Derivations
Element in
- N. Felagund “Lord of Caves” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources On. phelga > fela [pʰelga] > [ɸelga] > [ɸelɣa] > [felɣa] > [felɣ] > [fela] ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG On. phelga > fili [pʰelgi] > [ɸelgi] > [ɸelɣi] > [felɣi] > [filɣi] > [filī] > [fili] ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
felya
noun. cave
Cognates
Derivations
- ᴹ√PHELEG “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√PHÉLEG > felya [pʰelgā] > [ɸelgā] > [ɸelɣā] > [ɸeljā] > [ɸelja] > [felja] ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
rôth
noun. cave
A Doriathrin noun for “cave”, also appearing as roth, derived from primitive ᴹ✶rǭda or ᴹ✶roda (Ety/ROD, EtyAC/ROD). The [[ilk|[d] spirantilized to [ð] (“dh”)]] as usual, then after the final vowel was lost the [[ilk|final [ð] became [θ]]] as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Doriathrin/roth). The original sound [ð] is preserved in the plural rodhin.
Derivations
Element in
- Ilk. Menegroth “Thousand Caves” ✧ Ety/ROD
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶rǭda > rōdh > rōth [rǭda] > [rōda] > [rōða] > [rōð] > [rōθ] ✧ Ety/ROD ᴹ✶roda > rodh > roth [roda] > [roða] > [roð] > [roθ] ✧ EtyAC/ROD Variations
- roth ✧ Ety/ROD (Dor. roth); EtyAC/ROD (Dor. roth)
- rōth ✧ Ety/ROD (Dor. rōth)
runda
noun. club
Cognates
- ᴹQ. runda “rough piece of wood” ✧ Ety/RUD
Derivations
Derivatives
- N. grond “club” ✧ Ety/RUD
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶rundā > runda [rundā] > [runda] ✧ Ety/RUD
phelga
noun. cave
Cognates
- ᴹQ. felya “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
Derivations
- ᴹ√PHELEG “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
Derivatives
- N. fela “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√PHÉLEG > phelga [pʰelga] > [ɸelga] ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
rǭda
noun. cave
Changes
- roda → rǭda ✧ Ety/ROD
Derivations
- ᴹ√ROD “roof, cave” ✧ Ety/ROD
Derivatives
Variations
- rōda ✧ EtyAC/ROD
- roda ✧ EtyAC/ROD
pheleg
root. cave
Derivatives
Variations
- PHÉLEG ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
felga
noun. cave
Cognates
- ᴹQ. felya “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
Derivations
- ᴹ√PHELEG “cave” ✧ Ety/PHÉLEG
grûda
noun. cave
grond
proper name. Hammer of the Underworld
grond
noun. cave, cavern
gorod
noun. cave
gronn
noun. cave, cavern
Cognates
- Eq. ronda “cavern” ✧ PE13/162
Variations
- gorod ✧ PE13/123
- grond ✧ PE13/145; PE13/162 (grond)
orot
noun. cave
Derivations
- ᴱ√ROTO “hollow” ✧ QL/071
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√roto- > orot [orot] ✧ QL/071
rótele
noun. cave
Cognates
- G. roth “cave, grot” ✧ LT2A/Rothwarin
Derivations
- ᴱ√ROTO “hollow” ✧ LT2A/Rothwarin; QL/080
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√ROTO > rōtele [rōtelē] > [rōtele] ✧ QL/080 Variations
- rotelë ✧ LT2A/Rothwarin
- rōtele ✧ QL/080
rotto noun "cave, tunnel" (VT46:12), "a small grot or tunnel" (PM:365)