gap

root. bend (tr.)

A root from etymological notes from the late 1960s glossed “bend (tr.)” with the derivatives Q. ampa and S. gamp “hook” (VT47/20). This root first appeared (unglossed) as ᴹ√GAP in The Etymologies of the 1930s with Quenya and Noldorin words having the same form (Ety/GAP), albeit slightly different meanings: the Noldorin word was glossed “hook, claw” whereas the Sindarin word from the late 1960s was glossed “hook, crook”.

Derivatives

• ✶gampa “hook” ✧ VT47/20
  • Q. ampa “hook, hook, [ᴹQ.] crook” ✧ VT47/20
  • S. gamp “hook, crook, hook, crook; [N.] claw” ✧ VT47/20
  • T. gampa “hook, crook” ✧ VT47/20

Variations

• gap ✧ VT47/20

yag

root. gap, gap; [ᴹ√] yawn, gape

This root appeared as ᴹ√YAG “yawn, gape” in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. yáwe/N. iau “ravine, cleft, gulf” and N. ia “gulf”, the last of these the final element in N. Moria (Ety/YAG). The root √YAG was mentioned several times in Tolkien’s later writings, usually in connection to S. Moria (Let/383; PE17/35, 42). In one place it was given the gloss “gap” (PE17/42).

Derivatives

• ✶yagā ✧ Let/383
  • S. iâ “chasm, pit; void, abyss, chasm, pit; void, abyss; [N.] gulf” ✧ Let/383
• S. iâ “chasm, pit; void, abyss, chasm, pit; void, abyss; [N.] gulf” ✧ PE17/035

Variations

• YAGA ✧ PE17/042; PE17/191

ekka

noun. hole

Derivatives

• ᴺQ. ecca “hole, *lair”

Element in

• S. torech “lair, (secret) hole, excavation” ✧ PE17/188