avatyar-

forgive

#avatyar- vb. "forgive" (VT43:18); the form ávatyara (VT43:10) seems to include the imperative particle á (the two-word phrase *á avatyara "forgive!" merging into ávatyara). Plural aorist avatyarir (VT43:20). Where Tolkien used avatyar-, he cited the person(s) forgiven in the ablative (ávatyara mello** "forgive us", literally "from us"), whereas the matter that is forgiven appears as a direct object (VT43:11). Compare apsenë**.

apsene-

remit, release, forgive

apsene- vb. "remit, release, forgive" (VT43:18, 20; it is unclear whether the final -e is somehow part of the verbal stem or is just the final form of the ending -i associated with the aorist, so that "I forgive" would be *apsenin). Where Tolkien used apsene-, he cited the person(s) forgiven in the dative (ámen apsenë "forgive us", literally "for us"), whereas the matter that is forgiven appears as a direct object (VT43:12). Compare avatyar-.

apsen-

verb. to remit, release, forgive

Derivations

• ✶ab(a)sene- ✧ VT43/18
  • √SEN “let loose, free, let go” ✧ VT43/18

Element in

• Q. ar ámen apsenë úcaremmar “and forgive us our trespasses” ✧ VT43/18
• Q. sív’ emmë apsenet tien i úcarir emmen “as we forgive those who trespass against us” ✧ VT43/20

Elements

Word	Gloss
?
sen-	“to let loose, free, let go”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ab(a)sene- > apsene-	[absene] > [apsene]	✧ VT43/18

Variations

• apsene- ✧ VT43/18

avatyar-

verb. *to forgive, (lit.) do away with

Element in

• Q. ar ámen apsenë úcaremmar “and forgive us our trespasses” ✧ VT43/18; VT43/18
• Q. sív’ emmë apsenet tien i úcarir emmen “as we forgive those who trespass against us” ✧ VT43/20; VT43/20; VT43/20; VT43/20; VT43/20

Elements

Word	Gloss
awa-	“away”
tyar-	“to cause”

poica

clean, pure

poica ("k")adj. "clean, pure" (POY)

díheno

verb. forgive!

díhena-

verb. *to forgive

Derivations

• √SEN “let loose, free, let go”

Element in

• S. ar díheno ammen i úgerth vin “and forgive us our trespasses” ✧ VT44/28

gohena-

verb. *to forgive

Derivations

• √SEN “let loose, free, let go”

Element in

• S. sui mín i gohenam di ai gerir úgerth ammen “as we forgive those who trespass against us” ✧ VT44/29

gohena-

verb. to forgive (with person forgiven as object?)

díhena-

verb. to forgive (with matter forgiven as object?)

dihena

forgive

(i nihena, i ndihenar if the first element represents a stem in ND-; cf. the derivation of dî, di cited in VT45:37) 

gohena

forgive

1) gohena- (i **ohena, i ngohenar = i ñohenar). Apparently this refers to foregiveness between equals. (VT44:23), 2) (of a superior to an inferior) dihena- (i nihena, i ndihenar if the first element represents a stem in ND-; cf. the derivation of dî, di** cited in VT45:37)

gohena

forgive

(i ’ohena, i ngohenar = i ñohenar). Apparently this refers to foregiveness between equals. (VT44:23)

puig

clean

puig (tidy, neat); lenited buig, no distinct pl. form.

puig

clean

(tidy, neat); lenited buig, no distinct pl. form.

puig

adjective. clean, tidy, neat