foen

place name. Long Sight

A mountain in Dorthonion appearing in Silmarillion map revisions from the 1950s-60s (WJ/183) and translated “Long Sight” in a philological fragment of uncertain date (WJ/187 note #32).

foen

noun. long sight

cûd

noun. foe

@@@ VT49/25 from KOT > kōt

gûd

noun. foe

glamdring

proper name. Foe-hammer

Gandalf’s sword (LotR/280), first named in The Hobbit and translated in that book as “Foe-hammer” (PE17/84; RS/444). Its initial element glam is the plural of glamog “orc” (WJ/391), and its second element is a derivative of the root ᴹ√DRING “beat, strike” (Ety/DRING), apparently a noun ✱dring “hammer” attested only as an element in this name.

Conceptual Development: The name N. Glamdring appears in The Etymologies from the 1930s, which is the source of the second part of the derivation given above (Ety/DRING).

coth

noun. enemy, foe, enemy, foe; [N.] enmity

Its later form could be ✱(ñ)goth. See ✶kottō for a discussion.

Glamdring

noun. foe hammer

glam(b) (“shouting, confused noise, an orc”) + dring (from dringa- “beat”)

gûd

foe

gûd (i ngûd = i ñûd, o n**gûd = o ngûd, construct gud) (enemy), pl. guid (in guid** = i ñgŷd)

gûd

foe

(i ngûd = i ñûd, o n’gûd = o ngûd, construct gud) (enemy), pl. guid (in guid = i ñgŷd)

gŷth

noun. germ, foetus, embryon

Glamdring

Glamdring

The word Glamdring is a Sindarin name meaning Foe-hammer in Westron; it is comprised of two elements. The first element is glam. This word has a long history in Tolkien's mind, but always had evil connotations. In its earliest appearances, it meant "fierce hate", but later, its meaning became "shouting, confused noise", and became (poetically) associated with Orcs (cf. glamhoth). The second element is dring, said to mean "hammer". The sword was also given the crude name Beater by the Orcs.

goth

enemy

1) goth (i ngoth = i ñoth, o n**goth = o ñgoth), pl. gyth (in gyth = i ñgyth), 2) #gûd (i ngûd = i ñûd, o n**gûd = o ñgûd, construct gud) (foe), pl. guid (in guid = i ñgŷd). Isolated from the name Thuringud, Hidden Foe. 3) (also used = ”enmity”) coth (i goth, o choth), pl. cyth (i chyth).

gûd

enemy

(i ngûd = i ñûd, o n’gûd = o ñgûd, construct gud) (foe), pl. guid (in guid = i ñgŷd). Isolated from the name Thuringud, Hidden Foe.

faeg

mean

(adj.) faeg (poor, bad); no distinct pl. form. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” foeg.

faeg

mean

(poor, bad); no distinct pl. form. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” foeg.

faun

cloud

(pl. foen, coll. pl. fonath)

fuir

right

1) (adj, of direction), also used as noun "right hand": fuir (north), pl. fŷr (VT42:20). In ”Noldorin” the word appeared as (”foeir” =) föir, feir (LR:382 s.v. PHOR). 2) (direction, not "correct") fôr (north), pl. fŷr. 3) (straight) tîr (lenited dîr, no distinct pl. form) Note: a homophone means ”looking, view, glance” (noun).

fuir

right

(north), pl. fŷr (VT42:20). In ”Noldorin” the word appeared as (”foeir” =) föir, feir (LR:382 s.v. PHOR).

fân

cloud

1) fân (veil, also used of the manifested body of a Vala), construct fan, pl. fain, 2) faun (pl. foen, coll. pl. fonath)

Glamdring

noun. Glamdring

prop. n.

faeg

adjective. mean, poor, bad

faen

adjective. radiant, white

fain

noun/adjective. white

fain

noun/adjective. cloud

fair

noun. right (hand)

forn

noun. right, north

forvo

noun. right hand

forvo

noun. right side

glân

adjective. white, [bright shining] white; [N.] clear; [G.] pure, †bright; [ᴱN.] clean

nim

white

_adj. _white. >> Nimbrethil

nim

white

_adj. _white (usual word). >> nimp, nimras

nim

adjective. white

silivren

adjective. (white) glittering

uilos

noun/adjective. always white, ever white as snow

uilos

noun/adjective. a small white everlasting flower also called simbelmynë or "evermind"

coth

enemy

(i goth, o choth), pl. cyth (i chyth).

eredh

germ

eredh (seed), pl. eridh

eredh

germ

(seed), pl. eridh

faeg

adjective. mean, poor, bad

faen

white

(radiant). No distinct pl. form.

faen

radiant

faen (white). No distinct pl. form.

faen

radiant

(white). No distinct pl. form.

fain

white

; no distinct pl. form.

fair

adjective. right (hand)

fân

cloud

(veil, also used of the manifested body of a Vala), construct fan, pl. fain

fôr

right

(north), pl. fŷr.

gloss

white as snow, dazzling white

(in compounds -los), lenited ’loss; pl. glyss.

glân

white

1) glân (clear), lenited lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”. 2) nimp (nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form. 3) faen (radiant). No distinct pl. form. 4) fain; no distinct pl. form.

glân

white

(clear), lenited ’lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”.

goth

enemy

(i ngoth = i ñoth, o n’goth = o ñgoth), pl. gyth (in gyth = i ñgyth)

nimp

white

(nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form.

silivren

glittering white

(lenited hilivren; pl. *silivrin**). *Verb

thel

mean

(verb) ?thel- (intend, purpose, resolve, will)

thel

mean

(intend, purpose, resolve, will)

tîr

right

(lenited dîr, no distinct pl. form) Note: a homophone means ”looking, view, glance” (noun).

foeg

adjective. mean, poor, bad

foeg

adjective. mean, poor, bad

foen

adjective. radiant, white

foen

adjective. radiant, white

fœir

noun. right (hand)

glamdring

proper name. Foe-hammer

fein

adjective. white, radiant

feir

adjective. right (hand)

brassen

adjective. white-hot

faun

noun. cloud

faun

noun. cloud

fein

noun/adjective. white

fein

noun/adjective. cloud

feir

noun. right (hand)

forgam

adjective. right-handed

forn

noun. right, north

ñgothō

noun. foe

This primitive word is attested in the form ñgothō as part of a later version of the ancient name of Morgoth, but it difficult to reconcile with attested derivatives. It would have produced S. ✱goth instead of attested coth and Q. ñotho instead of attested kotumo. It probably also means that the root ᴹ√KOT(H) and all of its derivatives would need to be altered to have an initial ✶ñg-.

Rather than eliminate all of these derivatives, this entry uses the unattested form ✶kottō as the primitive word for "foe".

kottō Reconstructed

noun. foe

ñgothō

noun. foe

PQ. foe

alcarinqua

radiant, glorious

alcarinqua adj. "radiant, glorious" (AKLA-R [there spelt "alkarinqa"], WJ:412, VT44:7/10), "glorious, brilliant" (PE17:24), noun Alcarinquë, "The Glorious", name of a star/planet (SA:aglar - there spelt "Alkarinquë", but the Silmarillion Index has "Alcarinquë". The celestial body in question seems to be Jupiter, MR:435). Cf. also Alcarin, q.v.

cotto

enemy

#cotto ("k")noun "enemy", isolated from Moricotto "Dark Enemy", a Quenya form of Morgoth(VT49:25). Compare cotumo, *notto.

cotumo

enemy

cotumo ("k")noun "enemy" (KOT > KOTH)

forya

right

forya adj. "right" (PHOR), "dexter" (VT46:10)

fána

white

fána, fánë (1) adj. "white" (Markirya - fánë as a sg. form in may be a misreading). Compare fanya.

fána

adjective. white, white; [ᴹQ.] cloud

@@@ as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, the form fánë “white” in the Markirya poem may be a slip or misreading

fána

cloud

fána (2) noun "cloud" _(SPAN, VT46:15). _Cf. fana.

fánë

adjective. white

lumbo

cloud

lumbo noun "cloud" (pl. lumbor in Markirya), also glossed "gloom; dark, shade" (PE17:72, 168). In early "Qenya", lumbo was glossed "dark lowering cloud" (LT1:259)

ninquë

white, chill, cold, palid

ninquë adj. "white, chill, cold, palid" (WJ:417, SA:nim, PE17:168, NIK-W - spelt "ninqe" in Etym and in LT1:266, MC:213, MC:220, GL:60), pl. ninqui in Markirya. Compounded in Ninquelótë noun "White-Flower" (SA:nim), = Sindarin Nimloth, the White Tree of Númenor; ninqueruvissë ("q") "white-horse-on" _(MC:216; this is "Qenya", read _ninqueroccossë or *ninquiroccossë in LotR-style Quenya). Normally ninquë would be expected to have the stem-form ninqui-, given the primitive form ¤ninkwi; Ninquelótë rather than *Ninquilótë must be seen as an analogical form.

notto

enemy

*notto (ñ)noun "enemy", reconstructed simplex form of the second element of the Moringotto "Dark Enemy", a Quenya form of Morgoth(VT49:25). Compare #cotto.

tele

verb. mean, intend

ungo

cloud, dark shadow

ungo noun "cloud, dark shadow" (UÑG)

nimbi

adjective. white

nimbi

adjective. white

About Nimrodel: "Nim is evidently the Telerin word nimbi 'white'." >> Nimrais >> Nimrodel

spenna

noun. cloud

Derived from a stem SPAN "white" (LR:387), but hardly a direct cognate of Quenya fanya and Telerin spania (both probably from spanjâ), nor a direct cognate of Sindarin faun, stated to be derived from spâna. Rather spenna must derive from spannâ, sc. the stem SPAN with the adjectival ending -nâ (or possibly the simpler adjectival ending -â combined with a medial strengthening n > nn). As for the change of a to e, cf. scella from skalnâ.