wilin noun "bird" (LT1:273; if this "Qenya" word is to be used in LotR-style Quenya, it must not be confused with the 1st pers. aorist of the verb wil-.)
Quenya
filit
small bird
wilin
bird
Sindarin
aew
noun. (small) bird
aewen
adjective. of birds
fileg
bird
pl. filig; the form filigod appears as an alternative singular.
aew
bird
(small bird) 1) aew. No distinct pl. form. 2) fileg, pl. filig; the form filigod appears as an alternative singular. or
aew
bird
. No distinct pl. form.
aew
small bird
aew. No distinct pl. form.
emlinn
yellowhammer
(= "yellow singer"); no distinct pl. form. Also emelin, no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. emelinnath. Adj.
aewen
of birds
pl. aewin.
Noldorin
filigod
noun. small bird
filigod
noun. small bird
fileg
noun. small bird, small bird, [G.] *sparrow
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “small bird” derived from the root ᴹ√PHILIK and cognate to ᴹQ. filit (filik-) of the same meaning (Ety/PHILIK). Tolkien said fileg was an “analogical singular” form (along with another singular form filigod) based on its plural form filig. That is because the final -k in ✱philik was lost in ancient times, as explained in Common Eldarin: Noun Structure from the early 1950s (PE21/72) so that its historical phonetic development would have produced singular N./S. ✱fil. This form was deemed unsuitable, and a new singular form fileg was constructed based on the plural. Something similar happened with S. thoron “eagle”.
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. bilin or bilinc for “a small bird, especially sparrow”, a diminutive form of G. bil “bird” (GL/22, 23).
Neo-Sindarin: I think it is likely that fileg can also be used to refer to sparrows for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, since its Quenya cognate filit was in one place glossed “sparrow, small bird” (PE21/56).
Cognates
- ᴹQ. filit “small bird, sparrow” ✧ Ety/PHILIK; Ety/PHILIK
Derivations
- ᴹ√PHILIK “small bird” ✧ Ety/PHILIK
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√PHILIK > filig [pʰilike] > [ɸilike] > [filike] > [filik] > [filig] ✧ Ety/PHILIK Variations
- filigod ✧ Ety/PHILIK
fileg
noun. small bird
emlin
noun. yellow bird, "yellow hammer"
aew
noun. (small) bird
emelin
noun. yellow bird, "yellow hammer"
emmelin
noun. yellow bird, "yellow hammer"
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Qenya
oio
noun. bird
Middle Primitive Elvish
philik
root. small bird
Derivatives
Variations
- philik ✧ PE21/56
- spilik ✧ PE21/56 (
spilik)
Gnomish
bil
noun. bird
A word for “bird” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s appearing next to G. bilinc “sparrow”, but this word was deleted and the gloss for bilinc was expanded to “a small bird, especially sparrow” (GL/22-23). The form bil appeared in a couple other places in the Gnomish Lexicon (GL/23, 31), but seems to represent a “root” rather than a word. Tolkien indicated bil was derived from ᴱ✶du̯il (GL/31), but the exact mechanism whereby du̯- became b- isn’t clear, but a similar change is seen in 1920s ᴱ✶du̯ag- > ᴱT. baga- “beat” and ᴱ✶tu̯ak- > ᴱQ. pak- “apply, attach” (PE14/66).
Changes
bil→ bilin “bird” ✧ GL/22Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√bīl- > bil [βil] > [bil] ✧ GL/22 ᴱ✶du̯il > bil [dwil] > [bil] ✧ GL/31
aigli
noun. bird
Cognates
- Eq. aiwe “bird” ✧ GL/17
Derivations
- ᴱ√AYA ✧ GL/17
Early Noldorin
aiw
noun. bird
Cognates
- Eq. oive “bird” ✧ PE13/136; PE13/158
Early Quenya
wilin
noun. bird
A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “bird”, derived from the early root ᴱ√GWILI that was the basis for words having to do with flight (QL/104).
Derivations
- ᴱ√GWILI “*fly” ✧ LT1A/Vilna; QL/104
Element in
- Eq. wilindea “as a bird” ✧ QL/104
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√GWILI > ’wilin [gʷilin] > [wilin] ✧ QL/104 Variations
- ’wilin ✧ QL/104
aiwe
noun. bird
Cognates
- G. aigli “bird” ✧ GL/17
Derivations
- ᴱ√AYA ✧ GL/17
Element in
- Eq. anwe or aiqale elta súrut lunte aiwendon lossiattea “*went on the heights driven by the wind a ship like a bird with a blossom-white neck” ✧ PE16/147
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√aı̯² > aiwe [ajwē] > [ajwe] > [aiwe] ✧ GL/17
oi(we)
noun. bird
oive
noun. bird
Cognates
- En. aiw “bird” ✧ PE13/136; PE13/158
Variations
- oi ✧ PE16/132
- oiwe ✧ PE16/132
filit (filic- ("k"), as in pl. filici) noun "small bird" (PHILIK)