(verb.) esta- (call) (i esta, in estar)
Sindarin
esta-
verb. to call, *name
esta-
verb. to name
esta
name
esta
name
(call) (i esta, in estar)
esta
call
1) (vb.) esta- (to name) (i esta, in estar), 2) (call out) ialla- (VT46:22), also can- (i gân, i chenir) (shout, cry out). See also CRY (OUT).
esta
call
(to name) (i esta, in estar)
eneth
noun. name
main
ordinal. first, (only in the sense of) prime, chief, pre-eminent
mein
ordinal. first, (only in the sense of) prime, chief, pre-eminent
mein
ordinal. first
minui
ordinal. first
minui
ordinal. first
nalla
noun. call
nallan
noun. call
A word appearing in the 1st edition of The Lord of the Rings from 1954 in the phrase le nallan sí di’nguruthos. In Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings (WPP) from the late 1950s or early 1960s, Tolkien translated {nallon >>} nallon as “a call”, followed by another form nalla, with alternates nalla, nalloth, nallar in the upper margin. Christopher Gilson suggested that the gloss might instead be “to call” or “my call”; if the latter is correct, then nallan might be the 1st sg. possessive form of nalla.
In the 2nd edition of The Lord of the Rings from 1965 Tolkien changed nallan to nallon. In The Road Goes Ever On (RGEO) from 1967 he confirmed that this new form was a verb form meaning “I cry” (RGEO/64).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I think we can retain nallan as a noun for “a call”. While it is tempting to use the form nalla instead, I have no idea how the a might have survived at the end of this word, so I think nallan is better.
nallar
noun. call
nalloth
noun. call
ned
noun. first, *one more; first; *during
This word replaced the preposition uin “of the” in the third version of the King’s Letter, appearing in the phrase nelchaenen ned Echuir “the thirty-first day of Stirring”. Both Carl Hostetter (VT31/30) and David Salo (SG/229) theorized that this replacement has a similar prepositional function, from either √NOT “count” or √NED “middle”. Fiona Jallings suggested it might be a temporal preposition, with sense “during” (FJNS/349).
On VT47/40, note 67, Patrick Wynne suggested that this word might be a cognate of the newly published Quenya word net(ë) “one more”. This theory is supported by the most likely interpretation of nelchaenen. This word seems to mean “thirtieth” rather than “thirty-first”, and Patrick Wynne suggested that nelchaenen ned means “thirtieth and one more” = “thirty-first”. I find this theory the most compelling, and use it here.
eneth
name
(noun) eneth (pl. enith)
eneth
name
(pl. enith)
erui
first
(single, alone). No distinct pl. form. Some would argue that Tolkien abandoned erui as a word for ”first”.
ess
noun. name
ialla-
call
(VT46:22), also can- (i gân, i chenir) (shout, cry out). See also
minui
first
1) minui (lenited vinui; no distinct pl. form), 2) mîn (lenited vîn; no distinct pl. form) (isolated, towering). Note: homophones include the noun ”peak” and the number ”one”; 3) erui (single, alone). No distinct pl. form. Some would argue that Tolkien abandoned erui as a word for ”first”.
minui
first
(lenited vinui; no distinct pl. form)
mîn
first
(lenited vîn; no distinct pl. form) (isolated, towering). Note: homophones include the noun ”peak” and the number ”one”
A verb appearing in a future-passive form estathar “should be called” in the King’s Letter from the early 1950s. It also appeared (unglossed) as a present-passive estar “✱is called” in the Túrin Wrapper from the 1950s. Its gloss “be called” is because it is being used with passive voice; in active voice it would be “to call” or (more accurately) “✱to name”, as with its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. esta- “to name” (Ety/ES).
Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s Tolkien gave G. enu- or enwa- “am called, am named” (GL/32), clearly derived from the early root ᴱ√ENE having to do with names (QL/35). A few lines below he wrote but deleted {en(1) “am called”}.