eryn

noun. wood, forest (of trees)

A word for a wood or forest of trees, most notably in the name Eryn Lasgalen “Wood of Greenleaves”, the name of Mirkwood when it was restored after the War of the Ring (LotR/1094, Let/382).

Possible Etymology: Tolkien gave a couple different explanations for this word. Sometimes he explained it as derived from ✶oronī, an ancient variant plural of S. orn reinterpreted a collective word, much like English “woods” (PE17/33, 153). But elsewhere he said it was derived from an ancient abstract noun ✶oronyē “of trees” (PE17/119). Of the two, I prefer the first explanation as a nice parallel to English.

eryn

forest

_n. _forest, wood of trees.

eryn

noun. wood

eryn lasgalen

place name. Greenwood the Great, (lit.) Wood of Greenleaves

The name of Mirkwood after its restoration at the end of the War of the Ring (LotR/1094, Let/382). The initial element is eryn “woods”, and the second element is a compound of las(s) “leaf” with the lenited form of calen (PE17/33, Let/382). Elsewhere, L(h)asgalen “Green of Leaf” was given as one of the names for Laurelin (LR/210, MR/155).

eryn galen

place name. Greenwood

The name of the great eastern forest before it became Mirkwood, translated “Greenwood” (UT/281). This name is a combination of eryn “woods” and the lenited form galen of calen “green”. With its restoration after the War of the Ring, Mirkwood was renamed to Eryn Lasgalen “Wood of Greenleaves”.

eryn vorn

place name. Dark Wood

A forested cape south of the mouth of Baranduin first named on the Pauline Bayne map of Middle-earth from 1970 (RC/lxv). The name is translated “Dark Wood”, a combination of eryn “woods” and the lenited form of morn “dark”.

Eryn Galen

noun. green forest

eryn (“wood”), calen (“green”)

Eryn Lasgalen

noun. wood of greenleaf

eryn (“wood”), lass (“leaf”) + calen (“green”)

Eryn Vorn

noun. dark wood

eryn (“wood”), morn (“black, dark”)

eryn fuir

place name. North Wood

The original Sindarin name of Roh. Firien woods, appearing in a deleted section of Tolkien’s essay on The Rivers and Beacon-hills of Gondor (VT42/20). The name is translated “North Wood”, a combination of eryn “woods” and fuir “north”.

eryn

wood

1. (forest) eryn. No distinct pl. form. 2) glâd (i **lâd, construct glad) (small forest), pl. glaid (in glaid**) See FOREST. 2)

eryn

wood

. No distinct pl. form.

glad

noun. wood

glad

noun. wood

A word for a “wood” in the name Methed-en-Glad “End of the Wood” (UT/153) and possibly also Gladuial “✱Twilight Wood” (WJ/183, 188 note #48). It resembles galadh “tree” and is probably related to it, but it cannot be derived directly from the same root ᴹ√GALAD as that would produce ✱✱gladh. It was either derived from a variant root ✱√GALAT, or was a loan word from Nandorin where the word for “tree” was Nan. galad (MR/182; PE17/50, 60).

taur

noun. forest

_ n. _forest. Q. taure. >> taw

taur

noun. great wood, forest

glâd

forest

(i ’lâd, construct glad) (wood), pl. glaid (in glaid)

glâd

wood

(i ’lâd, construct glad) (small forest), pl. glaid (in glaid) See FOREST. 2)

taur

forest

1. taur (i daur, o thaur) (great wood), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also (as adj.) ”lofty, high, sublime, noble” etc. 2) tawar (i dawar, o thawar) (wood [as material]), pl. tewair (i thewair). (

taur

forest

(i daur, o thaur) (great wood), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also (as adj.) ”lofty, high, sublime, noble” etc.

tawar

forest

(i dawar, o thawar) (wood [as material]), pl. tewair (i thewair). (SMALL)

tawar

wood

(as material) tawar (i dawar, o thawar) (forest), pl. tewair (i thewair).

tawar

wood

(i dawar, o thawar) (forest), pl. tewair (i thewair).

taur

noun. great wood, forest

taurē

noun. forest

taw

root. wood

Tolkien used a similar set of words for “forest” starting with the earliest versions of Elvish, but their derivation evolved somewhat over time. The earliest related root was ᴱ√TAVA “beam” with variant ᴱ√TAFA (the latter marked by Tolkien with a “?” and with no obvious derivatives) from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as the basis for words like ᴱQ. taule “great tree”, ᴱQ. tauno “forest” and ᴱQ. tavar “dale-sprite” (QL/90). It also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. tavros/G. taur “forest” and G. tavor “wood fay” (GL/69).

ᴱQ. taure “forest” did not appear as an independent word until drafts of the Oilima Markirya from around 1930 (PE16/62; MC/213). Thereafter Tolkien mostly stuck with Q. taurë and N./S. taur for “forest”. In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien gave the root ᴹ√TAWAR “wood, forest” (Ety/TÁWAR), though in one place it was ᴹ√TAR (EtyAC/TUR). In notes associated with the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 Tolkien gave √TAWA “wood”, and in notes on “large & small” roots from 1968 Tolkien had √TAW “wood” (PE17/115).

tawinā

adjective. wood

málos

forest

málos noun "forest" (LT2:342 rather taurë in Tolkien's later Quenya)

tauno

forest

tauno noun "forest" (LT1:267; in Tolkien's later Quenya taurë)

taure

noun. forest

tavar

wood

tavar (1) noun "wood" (TÁWAR)

toina

adjective. wood, wood, *wooden, made of wood

A word glossed “wood” appearing in a list of “large & small” roots from around 1968 derived from primitive ✶tawĭnā (PE17/115) and hence probably an adjective “✱wooden, (made) of wood” as suggested by Helge Fauskanger (QQ/toina).

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien instead had ᴹQ. taurina “of wood”, an adjectival form of ᴹQ. tavar “wood (material)” (Ety/TÁWAR). The word ᴹQ. toina appeared in notes on The Feanorian Alphabet from the 1940s, but was unglossed, so whether it meant “✱wooden” is unclear.

turu

wood

turu (3) noun "wood" (properly firewood, but used of wood in general) (LT1:270)