Quenya 

cëa

), cairë noun ?

cëa (k"), cairë noun ?"fence" (PE17:101); or numeral "ten"? The source is obscure; cf. cëa above.

cëa

cardinal. ten

[cëa, cëan ("k") cardinal "ten", forms Tolkien later abandoned in favour of quain or quëan. An adjectival form caina ("k") was also listed, but must likewise be considered obsolete. (VT48:12-13, VT49:54)]

cëa

noun. *hedge

Quenya cognate of S. cai, second element of S. Morgai “Black Fence”, with both Q. këa and S. cai derived from √KAYA (PE17/101). Elsewhere S. cai was glossed “hedge” (UT/282), so perhaps the Quenya word cëa had the same meaning.

Cognates

  • S. cai “hedge” ✧ PE17/101

Derivations

  • KAY “lie, lie, [ᴹ√] lie down; [ᴱ√] rest, dwell” ✧ PE17/101

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KAYA > këa[kaja] > [kea]✧ PE17/101

Variations

  • këa ✧ PE17/101

cëa(n)

cardinal. ten

Cognates

  • S. caen “ten” ✧ PE17/095

Derivations

  • KAYAN “ten” ✧ VT48/12

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
kayan > kea(n)[kajan] > [kean]✧ VT48/12

Variations

  • këa ✧ PE17/095
  • kainen ✧ PE17/095
  • kea(n) ✧ VT48/12
Quenya [PE17/095; VT48/12] Group: Eldamo. Published by

éna

?. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • eñna ✧ PE19/097
    • “be, exist”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
eñna > enna > éna[eŋna] > [enna]✧ PE19/097

caina

caina

[caina, see cëa, cëan]

cainë

lay

cainë "lay", pa.t. of caita- "lie", q.v.

cairë

lay

cairë _("k")_vb. "lay" (pa.t. of "lie") (MC:221; this is "Qenya" - in LotR-style Quenya cainë pa.t. of caita?) An word cairë with no clear definition appears in PE17:101; see cëa, cairë.

cairë

?. [unglossed]

Cognates

  • S. caer “*flat isle on a river, [N.] flat isle on a river” ✧ PE17/101

Derivations

  • KAY “lie, lie, [ᴹ√] lie down; [ᴱ√] rest, dwell” ✧ PE17/101

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KAYA > caire[kaire]✧ PE17/101

Variations

  • caire ✧ PE17/101

cúma

noun. [unglossed]

Cognates

  • S. “bow, bow; [N.] arch, crescent; [G.] waxing or waning moon” ✧ PE17/122

Derivations

  • kūma ✧ PE17/122
    • KU(H) “bow, [ᴱ√] bend”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
kūma > cúma[kūma]✧ PE17/122

felca

adjective. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • PHELEGexcavation, excavation; [ᴹ√] cave” ✧ PE17/118

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
PHELEK > felca[pʰelka] > [ɸelka] > [felka]✧ PE17/118

finca

noun. [unglossed]

Cognates

  • S. fing “lock of hair” ✧ PE17/017

Derivations

  • phinik ✧ PE17/017
    • SPIN(ID) “fine thread, filament; hair” ✧ PE17/017

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
finik/fink > finca[pʰinika] > [pʰinka] > [pʰiŋka] > [ɸiŋka] > [fiŋka]✧ PE17/017

Variations

  • finca ✧ PE17/017

quëan

cardinal. ten

quëan cardinal "ten", also quain (VT48:6, 12, 20). Quain or quëan replaced the form cainen in Tolkiens conception.

quëan

cardinal. ten

Cognates

  • S. pae “ten” ✧ VT48/06
  • T. pai(n) “ten” ✧ VT48/06

Derivations

Element in

Variations

  • quean ✧ VT48/06; VT48/20
  • quain ✧ VT48/06; VT48/20
Quenya [VT48/06; VT48/20] Group: Eldamo. Published by

cainen

cardinal. ten

[cainen] ("k") cardinal "ten" (KAYAN/KAYAR). According to VT48:12, Tolkien eventually rejected this word (cainen would only mean "I lay", sc. the pa.t. cainë with the ending -n "I"). See quain, quëan.

cainen

cardinal. ten

caita-

verb. to lie (down)

Cognates

  • ᴺS. caeda- “to lie; to lay (down)”

Derivations

  • kaita- “to lie, be on the ground”
    • KAY “lie, lie, [ᴹ√] lie down; [ᴱ√] rest, dwell” ✧ PE22/136
  • KAY “lie, lie, [ᴹ√] lie down; [ᴱ√] rest, dwell” ✧ PE17/072; PE22/156

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KAY > caita[kaita-]✧ PE17/072
KAY > kaita[kaita-]✧ PE22/156

Variations

  • kaita ✧ PE22/156
  • kait|a ✧ PE22/157
Quenya [LotR/0377; PE17/065; PE17/072; PE22/156; PE22/157; PE22/159; PE22/164; RGEO/58; RGEO/59; VT48/12] Group: Eldamo. Published by

conta-

verb. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • KOM “gather, collect” ✧ PE17/157

Elements

WordGloss
-ta“causative verb suffix”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KOM > conta[komta-] > [konta-]✧ PE17/157

Variations

  • conta ✧ PE17/157 (conta)

hendas

?. [unglossed]

Element in

  • Q. calma hendas “*light in the eyes” ✧ PMCH/02; TMME/192
Quenya [PMCH/02; TMME/192] Group: Eldamo. Published by

melya-

verb. [unglossed], *to be in love

Derivations

  • MEL “love, love, [ᴹ√] love (as friend)”

felehta-

verb. [unglossed], *to excavate, tunnel, mine

An untranslated form appearing in Notes on Names (NN) from 1957 derived from the root √PHELEG/PHELEK (PE17/118), possibly a verb derived from ✱phelektā- or ✱phelegtā-. The derivatives of this root had to do with mines and tunnels, so perhaps this verb meant “✱to excavate, tunnel, mine”.

Derivations

  • PHELEGexcavation, excavation; [ᴹ√] cave” ✧ PE17/118

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
PHELEK > felehta[pʰelektā] > [ɸelektā] > [ɸelextā] > [ɸelextā] > [felextā]✧ PE17/118

Variations

  • felehta ✧ PE17/118

quain

cardinal. ten

quain cardinal "ten" (also quëan); quainëa ordinal "tenth" (VT48:6, 20; VT42:25). Quain or quëan replaced the form cainen in Tolkiens conception.

quain

cardinal. ten

Element in

tindon

lay

tindon pa.t. vb? "lay" (???) (MC:220; this is "Qenya")

arra

adjective. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • SRAG “awkward, awry; hard, (very) difficult” ✧ PE17/172

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
SRA-G > asra > arra[asra] > [azra] > [arra]✧ PE17/172

naue

?. [unglossed]

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ndagwē > ndau̯we > nau̯we > naue[ndagwē] > [ndaɣwē] > [ndauwē] > [nauwē] > [naue]✧ PE19/094

Variations

  • nawe ✧ PE19/094 (nawe)

sal-

verb. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • SAL “[unglossed], *harp(ing), lyre” ✧ PE22/133

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
SAL > azálie[asālie] > [azālie]✧ PE22/133

tompë

noun. [unglossed], *pulse, beat

@@@ Neo-meaning “✱pulse, beat” suggested by Röandil on 2023-04-20

Derivations

  • TOM “of resonant sounds” ✧ PE17/138

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
TOM > tompe[tompe]✧ PE17/138

Variations

  • tompe ✧ PE17/138

amya-

verb. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • AM “go up, go up, [ᴹ√] up” ✧ PE17/157

Elements

WordGloss
-ya“verbal suffix”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
AM > amya[amja-]✧ PE17/157

Variations

  • amya ✧ PE17/157 (amya)

hindë

noun. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • KHIN “child” ✧ PE17/157

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KHIN > hinde[kʰinde] > [xinde] > [hinde]✧ PE17/157

Variations

  • hinde ✧ PE17/157 (hinde)

holdë

noun. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • SKOL “shut, close” ✧ PE17/098

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KHOL > holde[kʰolde] > [xolde] > [holde]✧ PE17/098

Variations

  • holde ✧ PE17/098

háro

?. [unglossed]

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
khādo > hāzo > hāro[kʰādo] > [xādo] > [xāðo] > [hāðo] > [hāro]✧ PE22/148

Variations

  • hāro ✧ PE22/148

malsa

?. [unglossed]

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
maslā > malsa[maslā] > [malsā] > [malsa]✧ PE19/101

sélo

?. [unglossed]

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
steglō > thélo > þélo > sélo[steglō] > [θeglō] > [θeɣlō] > [θēlō] > [θēlo] > [sēlo]✧ PE19/095

sóla

?. [unglossed]

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
soglā > sóla[soglā] > [soɣlā] > [sōlā] > [sōla]✧ PE19/095

thar-

verb. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • STAR “*stiff, [ᴹ√] stiff” ✧ PE22/133

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
STAR > thar[star-] > [θar-]✧ PE22/133

Variations

  • thar ✧ PE22/133

tomba

noun. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • TOM “of resonant sounds” ✧ PE17/138

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
TOM > tomba[tomba]✧ PE17/138

úpa-

verb. [unglossed]

maitya

?. [unglossed]

Variations

  • mahtya ✧ PE19/084 (mahtya)

þúna

?. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • stuknā ✧ PE19/086
    • STUK “[unglossed]” ✧ PE19/086

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
stuknā > thúna[stuknā] > [stugnā] > [θugnā] > [θuŋnā] > [θūnā] > [θūna] > [sūna]✧ PE19/086

Variations

  • thúna ✧ PE19/086 (thúna)

lirilla

lay, song

lirilla noun "lay, song" (LT1:258)

um(ba)-

prefix. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • UMU “not, expressing privation, not, expressing privation; [ᴹ√] negative stems” ✧ PE17/172
    • Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element, denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not”

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
UMU > um(ba)[umba-]✧ PE17/172

Variations

  • um(ba) ✧ PE17/172 (um(ba))

hindo

noun. [unglossed]

Derivations

  • KHIN “child” ✧ PE17/157

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
KHIN > hindo[kʰindo] > [xindo] > [hindo]✧ PE17/157

lingi-

verb. [unglossed]

umbacarin

noun. [unglossed]