Quenya 

ascat-

break asunder

#ascat- vb. "break asunder", only attested in the past tense: ascantë (SD:310)

hat-

break asunder

hat- (2) vb. "break asunder", pa.t. hantë (SKAT). Compare ascat-, terhat-. It may be that Tolkien eventually restored the verb hat- "fling" occurring in early material (see above), leaving the conceptual status of hat- "break asunder" uncertain (for "break", late material has rac-).

hat-

fling

hat- (1) vb. "fling" (cited as hatin "I fling", first person sg. aorist), pa.t. hantë (QL:39). The apparently related noun hatal "spear" occurring in late material (VT49:14) suggests that Tolkien eventually decided to maintain hat- "fling", though in the meantime, a distinct verb hat- "break asunder" had occurred in his writings.

Sindarin 

rag-

verb. to break asunder, burst, *break, shatter

Cognates

  • Q. rac- “to break”

Derivations

  • √RAK “break”

Element in

  • ᴺS. ragui “fragile, breakable”

narcha

rend

narcha- (i narcha, in narchar)

rib

fling

rib- (i rîb, idh ribir) (fly, rush)

rib

fling

(i rîb, idh ribir) (fly, rush)

Noldorin 

narcha-

verb. to rend

Noldorin [Ety/374] Group: SINDICT. Published by

narcha-

verb. to rend

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. narka- “to rend” ✧ Ety/NÁRAK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NARAK “tear, rend (tr. and intr.)” ✧ Ety/NÁRAK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√NÁRAK > narcha-[narka-] > [narkʰa-] > [narxa-]✧ Ety/NÁRAK
Noldorin [Ety/NÁRAK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

hat-

verb. to break asunder

Derivations

  • ᴹ√SKAT “break asunder” ✧ Ety/SKAT

Element in

  • ᴹQ. terhat- “to break apart” ✧ Ety/SKAT

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√SKAT > hat-[skat-] > [xat-] > [hat-]✧ Ety/SKAT

Variations

  • hat- ✧ Ety/SKAT

askat-

verb. to rend, break asunder

Derivations

  • ᴹ√SKAT “break asunder”

Element in

Qenya [SD/246; SD/310] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sakkat-

verb. to rend, break asunder

narka-

verb. to rend

Cognates

  • N. narcha- “to rend” ✧ Ety/NÁRAK

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NARAK “tear, rend (tr. and intr.)” ✧ Ety/NÁRAK

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√NÁRAK > narka[narka-]✧ Ety/NÁRAK

Variations

  • narka ✧ Ety/NÁRAK
  • narki ✧ EtyAC/NÁRAK
Qenya [Ety/NÁRAK; EtyAC/NÁRAK] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

skat

root. break asunder

A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed {“break, rend asunder” >>} “break asunder” with derivatives ᴹQ. hat- of similar meaning and ᴹQ. terhat- “break apart” (Ety/SKAT). The latter was seen in early versions of the Lament of Atalante from the 1930s (LR/47, 56) only to eventually be replaced in the 1940s by ᴹQ. askante (SD/310) and then sakkante (SD/246), both of which may still have been related to ᴹ√SKAT.

Changes

  • SKAT → SKAT “break, rend asunder” ✧ Ety/SKAT

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. askat- “to rend, break asunder”
  • ᴹQ. hat- “to break asunder” ✧ Ety/SKAT
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/SKAT; EtyAC/SKAT] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

rag-

verb. to break asunder, burst

Derivations

  • ᴱ√RAKA “pile up; *break”