ohta

noun. war

war, hostility

ohta

war

ohta noun "war" (OKTA, KOT > KOTH). In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, ohta was also the name of tengwa #15 (VT46:7), but Tolkien would later call this letter anca instead changing its value from ht to nc.

ohta

noun. war

ohta

noun. war

Derivations

• ✶oktā “war, hostility, strife” ✧ PE18/085
  • √KOT “hate; be wroth, quarrel, be wroth, quarrel, [ᴹ√]strive; [√] hate” ✧ PE18/085; PE18/087; PE18/087

Element in

• Q. ma caruvalwë ohta “shall we make war” ✧ PE22/161
• Q. ohtar “warrior”
• Q. vá caruvalwë (ohta) “we will not (make war)” ✧ PE22/161

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶ok(h)ta > ohta	[okʰta] > [oktʰa] > [okta] > [oxta]	✧ PE18/085

mahtalë

noun. fighting, battle

Elements

Word	Gloss
mahta-	“to handle, wield, use, make use of; to manage, deal with, treat, control, to handle, wield, use, make use of; to manage, deal with, treat, control; [ᴹQ.] to stroke, feel; to wield a weapon, fight”

nahtalë

noun. slaughter

A neologism coined by Paul Strack in 2022 specifically for Eldamo, an abstract noun form of nahta- “to slay”, serving as a replacement for ᴱQ. makka “slaughter”.

Cognates

• ᴺS. dagras “slaughter”

Elements

Word	Gloss
nahta-	“to slay; to hurt, injure, wound, to slay, [ᴱQ.] slay cruelly; [Q.] to hurt, injure, wound”

dagor

noun. battle

dagor

noun. battle

Derivations

• √NDAK “hew, slay, slay; hew” ✧ SA/dagor

Element in

• S. Dagor Aglareb “Glorious Battle” ✧ S/115
• S. Dagor Arnediad “Battle of Unnumbered Tears”
• S. Dagor Bragollach “Battle of Sudden Flame” ✧ S/151
• S. Dagor Dagorath “*Battle of All Battles”
• S. Dagorlad “Battle-plain” ✧ S/292
• S. Dagorlind “Singer in Battle”
• S. Dagor-nuin-Giliath “Battle-under-Stars” ✧ S/106
• ᴺS. dagras “slaughter”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√ndak- > dagor	[ndakro] > [dakro] > [dakr] > [dagr] > [dagor]	✧ SA/dagor

Variations

• Dagor ✧ S/106; S/115; S/151; S/292

auth

battle

(war), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "dim shape, apparition".

dagor

battle

(noun) 1) dagor (i nagor, o ndagor), analogical pl. degyr (i ndegyr), coll. pl. dagorath. Archaic dagr, so we might have expected dagrath as the coll. pl.; dagorath would be an analogical formation. 2) (battle of two or a few, not a general host) maeth (i vaeth) (fight), no distinct pl. except with article (i maeth). 3) auth (war), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "dim shape, apparition".

dagor

battle

(i nagor, o ndagor), analogical pl. degyr (i ndegyr), coll. pl. dagorath. Archaic dagr, so we might have expected dagrath as the coll. pl.; dagorath would be an analogical formation.

dagra

battle

(verb, "do battle, make war") dagra- (i nagra, i ndagrar), also dagrada- (i nagrada, i ndagradar)

dagra

battle

(i nagra, i ndagrar), also dagrada- (i nagrada, i ndagradar)

maeth

battle

(i vaeth) (fight), no distinct pl. except with article (i maeth).

auth

war

auth (battle), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "dim shape, apparition".

auth

war

(battle), pl. oeth, coll. pl. othath. Note: a homophone means "dim shape, apparition".

hûl

cry of encouragement in battle

(i chûl, o chûl, construct hul), pl. huil (i chuil)

dagra

make war

(do battle) (i nagra, i ndagrar), also dagrada- (i nagrada, i ndagradar)

dagras

noun. slaughter

Cognates

• ᴺQ. nahtalë “slaughter”

Element in

• ᴺS. dagrassaeb “bloodthirsty, (lit.) slaughter-hungry”
• ᴺS. dagrassaeg “bloodthirstiness, (lit.) slaughter-hunger”

Elements

Word	Gloss
dagor	“battle”
-as	“abstract noun”

azga Reconstructed

noun. war

A hypothetical noun for “war” appearing as an element in the verb azgarâ- “to wage war”, as suggested by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne (VSH/24), though as others have suggested (AL/Adûnaic, EotAL/ZAG’R) it could equally well be azgar.

Element in

• Ad. azgarâ- “to wage war”

dagor

noun. battle

dagor

noun. battle

Derivations

• On. ndakro “slaughter, battle” ✧ Ety/NDAK
  • ᴹ√(N)DAK “slay” ✧ Ety/NDAK

Element in

• N. Dagor Aglareb “Glorious Battle”
• N. Dagor Nirnaith “Battle of Unnumbered Tears”
• N. Dagor Vregedúr “Battle of Sudden Fire”
• N. Dagor Delothrin “Terrible Battle”
• N. Dagorlad “Battle Plain”
• N. Dagor nuin Giliath “Battle-under-Stars”
• N. Dagor-os-Giliath “Battle under Stars”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. ndakro > dagr > dagor	[ndakro] > [dakro] > [dakr] > [dagr] > [dagor]	✧ Ety/NDAK

dagr

noun. battle

dagra-

verb. to battle

dagra-

verb. to battle

Derivations

• ᴹ√(N)DAK “slay” ✧ Ety/NDAK

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√NDAK > dagro	[ndakra-] > [dakra-] > [dagra-]	✧ Ety/NDAK

Variations

• dagrado ✧ EtyAC/NDAK

auth

noun. war, battle

auth

noun. war, battle

Cognates

• ᴹQ. ohta “war” ✧ Ety/KOT; Ety/OKTĀ

Derivations

• ᴹ✶oktā “strife, war” ✧ Ety/KOT; Ety/OKTĀ
  • ᴹ√KOT(H) “quarrel, strive, be wroth” ✧ Ety/KOT; Ety/OKTĀ; PE18/038; PE18/062

Element in

• ᴺS. othas “warfare”
• ᴺS. othidh “armistice”
• ᴺS. othrim “army”
• ᴺS. othrol “warlike”
• ᴺS. othwen “amazon”
• ᴺS. pilinoth “arrow of war, arrow sent as a summons to war”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶oktā > auth	[oktā] > [okta] > [oktʰa] > [oxθa] > [ouθa] > [auθa] > [auθ]	✧ Ety/KOT

maeth

noun. battle, fight, fight, battle

Derivations

• ᴹ√MAK “sword; fight (with a sword), cleave” ✧ Ety/MAK; EtyAC/MAK; EtyAC/MAK

Element in

• N. maethon “sword” ✧ EtyAC/MAK (maethon)
• N. maethor “warrior” ✧ Ety/MAK

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√MAK > maeth	[makta] > [maktʰa] > [maxθa] > [maiθa] > [maiθ] > [maeθ]	✧ Ety/MAK

maeth

noun. battle, fight (not of general host but of two or a few)