anfangrim

noun. the Longbeards (a tribe of Dwarves)

anfangrim

noun. long bearded dwarves

and (“long”) + fang (“beard”) + rim (collective plural suffix)

anfang

proper name. Longbeard

The Dwarvish tribe of northwestern Middle-earth, also known as Durin’s Folk (PM/321). The name translates as “Longbeard”, a compound of and “long” and fang “beard” (PM/321). The name also appears in its plural form Enfeng and its class-plural Anfangrim (PM/321, WJ/10).

Conceptual Development: In the Lost Tales and the earliest Silmarillion drafts this tribe was called the G. Indrafang (LT2/68, SM/104). In the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s, the variant form G. Surfang or Fangsur also appeared (GL/68). The name was later changed to N. Enfeng (plural) in Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s (LR/274), and the singular form N. An(d)fang appeared in The Etymologies (Ety/ÁNAD, SPÁNAG).

The name S. Enfeng appeared in Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s (WJ/10, 75), but did not appear in the published version of The Silmarillion. The name was referenced in some notes to Tolkien’s essay “Of Dwarves and Men”, composed around 1969, along with Khuzdul and Quenya translations (PM/321).

Cognates

• Q. Andafangar “Longbeards” ✧ PM/321

Elements

Word	Gloss
and	“long”
fang	“beard, beard, [G.] long beard”

anann

adverb. long, for a long time

anann

adverb. long

adv. long. Cuio i Pheriain anann 'May the Halflings live long'.

falathrim

noun. people of the Falas

ann

adjective. long

adj. long. Rare except in old names (e.g. Anduin). >> and

ann

adjective. long

lammas

noun. account of tongues

dagorath

noun. all the battles

noro

verb. run! ride!

Untranslated in LotR, but written nora-lim and rendered as "ride on" in RS/196 (not a literal translation) and later translated as "run swift" in RC/195. A verb nor- is attested in the old Gnomish lexicon, PE/11:61, with the meaning "to run, roll"

and

adjective. long

and

adjective. long

adj. long. i·arben na megil and 'The Knight of the Long Sword'. >> ann

and

adjective. long

Cognates

• Q. anda “long, far” ✧ PE17/040; PE17/090

Derivations

• √ANAD “long; far” ✧ PE17/040
• ✶andā “long, far” ✧ PE17/090
  • √ANAD “long; far” ✧ PE17/090

Element in

• S. Anach “?Long Neck”
• S. anann “(for) long”
• S. andaith “long-mark”
• S. Andram “Long Wall” ✧ SA/an(d)
• S. Andras “Long Cape”
• S. Andrast “Long Cape”
• S. Angast “Long Cape” ✧ VT42/28
• S. Andrath “Long Climb”
• S. andreth “long-suffering, patience”
• S. Androth “*Long Cave”
• S. Anduin “Great River, (lit.) Long River” ✧ PE17/012; PE17/040; RC/765; SA/an(d)
• S. Anfalas “Langstrand, (lit.) Long Beach” ✧ SA/an(d)
• S. Anfang “Longbeard”
• S. angerthas “runic alphabetic, (lit.) long rune-rows” ✧ SA/an(d)
• ᴺS. annas “length”
• S. Ann-thennath “*Long-shorts”
• S. Cair Andros “Ship of Long Foam” ✧ SA/an(d)
• S. i arben na megil and “Knight of the Long Sword” ✧ PE17/147

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶andā > ann-	[andā] > [anda] > [and] > [ann]	✧ PE17/090

Variations

• ann ✧ PE17/012; PE17/040; PE17/121
• ann- ✧ PE17/090
• an(d) ✧ SA/an(d)
• an(n)- ✧ VT42/28

rochirrim

noun. horse-lords, the people of Rohan

avon

verb. I won't

anglennatha

verb. (he) will approach

lâf

verb. (he) licks

ónen

noun. I gave

Written onen in some editions of LotR. In the Qenyaqetsa, Qenya anta- is marked as having an irregular past tense áne. Assuming the same sound-shifts as observed in other words, this would indeed lead to onen in Sindarin, see PE/12:31 and TT/14:48-49

rammas

noun. (great) wall

drúwaith

noun. the wilderness of the Drû-men (q.v.)

Lossoth

noun. the Snowmen

lôd

verb. (he) floats

avo

verb. don't!

Used as a negative adverb before an imperative: avo garo "don't do it!". Sometimes used as prefix: avgaro

cuio

verb. live!

galadhad

noun. the Two Trees of Valinor

pêd

verb. (he) says

tôl

verb. (he) comes

According to WJ/301, the expression tôl acharn "vengeance comes" was later changed to tûl acharn by Tolkien

anfang

longbeard

pl. Enfeng, coll. pl. Anfangrim (WJ:10, 108, 205)

anfang

longbeard

(a member of a certain tribe of Dwarves) Anfang, pl. Enfeng, coll. pl. Anfangrim (WJ:10, 108, 205)

anann

long

(adverb, = "for a long time") anann

anann

long

andaith

long mark

(no distinct pl. form). The word refers to an accent-like mark used to indicate long vowels in Tengwar modes that employ separate vowel letters, like the Mode of Beleriand.

angerthas

long rune-row

(and + certhas).

ennin

long year

. No distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. enniniath.

annabon

long-snouted one

pl. ennebyn, coll. pl. annabonnath. (Archaic form andabon.)

and

long

(adjective) and (pl. aind),

and

long

(pl. aind)

taen

thin

(lenited daen, no distinct pl. form). Note: a homophone means ”height, summit of high mountain”.

brûn

long endured/established/in use

(old), lenited vrûn, pl. bruin;