Quenya 

aira

old

aira (3) adj. "old" (MC:214; this is "Qenya")

aira

eternal

[aira (4) adj. "eternal" (EY, VT45:13). Changed by Tolkien to oira.]

aira

holy

aira (2) adj. "holy"; see airë #1

aira

red, copper-coloured, ruddy

aira (1) adj. "red, copper-coloured, ruddy" (GAY)

aira

adjective. holy, sanctified, holy, sanctified, [ᴱQ.] worshipful

Cognates

  • S. aer “*hallowed, holy”

Derivations

  • AYA(N) “blessed; treat with awe/reverence, blessed; treat with awe/reverence; [ᴱ√] honour, revere” ✧ PE17/027
  • GAY(AR) “awe, dread; astound, make aghast; sea” ✧ PM/363

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
AYA > airă[ajra] > [aira]✧ PE17/027
GAYA > aira[gajra] > [gaira] > [ɣaira] > [aira]✧ PM/363

Variations

  • airă ✧ PE17/027
Quenya [PE17/027; PM/363; VT43/14] Group: Eldamo. Published by

airëa

holy

airëa adj. "holy"; see airë.

aina

holy

aina (2) adj "holy" (AYAN), derived from Ainu. Adopted and adapted from Valarin. According to VT43:32, the word is "obsolete, except in Ainur", apparently suggesting that airë or airëa (q.v.) was the normal term for "holy" in later Quenya. However, Tolkien repeatedly used aina in his translation of the Litany of Loreto: Aina Fairë "Holy Spirit", Aina Neldië "Holy Trinity", Aina Maria "Holy Mary", Aina Wendë "Holy Virgin". He also used Aina Eruontari for "holy Mother" in his rendering of the Sub Tuum Praesidium(WJ:399, FS, SA, VT43:32, VT44:5, 12, 17-18)

airë

holy

airë (1) adj. "holy", #Airefëa "the Holy Spirit" (VT43:37, dative airefëan on the previous page), airetári or Airë Tári "holy queen" (a title of Varda, PM:363), genitive aire-tário "holy-queen's" (Nam, RGEO:67). However, according to PM:363, airë is the noun "sanctity", while aira is the adjective "holy". VT43:14 refers to an etymological note of "Sept.-Oct. 1957" where airë is said to be a noun "sanctity, holiness", and the adjective "holy" is given as airëa. However, the verb #airita- "hallow" seems to be formed from an adjective airë, airi- "holy". Evidently airë can function as both adjective ("holy") and noun ("holiness"); if so airë as adj. could represent a primitive adjective gaisi, whereas airë as noun may descend from gaisē. The former but not the latter would have the stem airi- (as observed in the derived verb #airita-), and compounds like airetári (rather than *airitári) would seem to contain properly the noun "holiness".

oira

eternal

oira adj. "eternal" (OY)

íra

eternal

[íra adj. "eternal" (GEY, VT45:13; changed by Tolkien to oira, see OY)]

aista

holy

aista (1) adj. "holy" (VT43:37)

írë

eternal

[írë] (3) noun "eternal" (read "eternity", as suggested by Christopher Tolkien, but the word was in any case changed to oirë)(GEY, VT45:13)

carnë

red

carnë adj. "red", "scarlet, red" (SA:caran, PE17:154, MC:214, KARÁN - spelt with a k in the two latter sources), not to be confused with the past tense of car- "do, make". Stem carni- as in Carnimírië, Carnistir.

nasar

red

nasar adj. "red" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)

yerna

old, worn

yerna adj. "old, worn" (GYER)

enwina

old

enwina adj. "old" (Markirya)

enwina

adjective. old

Element in

oialëa

eternal

oialëa adj. "eternal" (PE17:59)

oialëa

adjective. eternal

Elements

WordGloss
oialë“forever; everlastingly, eternally, in eternity, forever; everlastingly, eternally, in eternity; [ᴹQ.] everlasting age”
-a“adjectival suffix”

carne (carni-)

adjective. red

Quenya [PE 22:152] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

linyenwa

old, having many years

linyenwa adj. "old, having many years" (YEN)