-na

suffix. slain

A shorter ending -na also occurs, e.g. nahtana "slain" (VT49:24); the example hastaina "marred" would suggest that *nahtaina is equally possible. In the example aistana "blessed" (VT43:30), -na may be preferred to -ina for euphonic reasons, to avoid creating a second diphthong ai where one already occurs in the previous syllable (*aistaina). In PE17:68, the ending -ina is said to be "aorist" (unmarked as regards time and aspect); the same source states that the shorter ending -na is "no longer part of verbal conjugation", though it obviously survives in many words that are maybe now to be considered independent adjectives. See -na #4.

nanca

slain

nanca adj. *"slain" (PE17:68); see -na

dangen

adjective. slain

An adjective for “slain” derived from primitive ✶dankĭna (PE17/133), best known from its (mutated plural) appearance in the name Haudh-en-Ndengin “Hill of Slain” (S/197). N. dangen “slain” also appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√NDAK “slay” (Ety/NDAK). This adjective is likely the passive participle of the verb dag- “to slay”.

Conceptual Development: A similar adjective ᴱN. danc “killed in battle” appeared in the Early Qenya Phonology of the 1920s, also related to ᴱN. dag- “slay” (PE14/66).

Cognates

• north S. dachen “slain” ✧ PE17/133

Derivations

• ✶dankĭna “slain” ✧ PE17/133

Element in

• S. Haudh-en-Ndengin “Hill of Slain, (lit.) Mound of the Slain” ✧ PE17/133
• S. i mbair en Ndengin “the houses of the Slain” ✧ PE17/097

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶dankĭna > daŋχen > danghen > dangen	[daŋkina] > [daŋkʰina] > [daŋxina] > [daŋxena] > [daŋxen] > [daŋgen]	✧ PE17/133
✶dankĭna > nenghin	[daŋkini] > [daŋkʰini] > [daŋxini] > [deŋxini] > [deŋxin] > [deŋgin]	✧ PE17/133

dag

slain

(passive participle of dag- "slay", but treated almost like a derived noun) dangen (i nangen, o ndangen), pl. dengin (i ndengin; the spelling "in-ndengin" occurs in the Silmarillion). Compare SLAY.

dag

slain

"slay", but treated almost like a derived noun) dangen (i nangen, o ndangen), pl. dengin* (i ndengin*; the spelling "in-ndengin" occurs in the Silmarillion). Compare

dankĭna

adjective. slain

Derivatives

• north S. dachen “slain” ✧ PE17/133
• S. dangen “slain” ✧ PE17/133

dangen

noun. slain

dangen

adjective. slain

Derivations

• ᴹ√(N)DAK “slay” ✧ Ety/NDAK

Element in

• N. Haudh-na-Dengin “Hill of Slain” ✧ Ety/NDAK
• N. Amon Dengin “Hill of Slain”
• N. Cûm-na-Dengin “Mound of Slain”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√NDAK > dangen	[ndaŋkina] > [ndaŋkʰina] > [ndaŋxina] > [daŋxina] > [daŋxena] > [daŋxen] > [daŋgen]	✧ Ety/NDAK
ᴹ√NDAK > Ndengin	[ndaŋkini] > [ndaŋkʰini] > [ndaŋxini] > [daŋxini] > [deŋxini] > [deŋxin] > [deŋgin]	✧ Ety/NDAK