-on

suffix. masculine suffix

-ion

suffix. -son

-o

suffix. *genitive ending

-mo

suffix. agental suffix

-a

suffix. adjectival suffix

-llume

suffix. time, time, [ᴱQ.] times

-n(an)

suffix. time

-ro

suffix. agental suffix

-we

suffix. masculine suffix

aire

noun. sea

airen

noun. sea

ala-

verb. to grow

anna

noun. gift

anta

noun. face

earen

noun. sea

elen sile lúmesse omentiemman

a star shines on the hour of our meeting

enar

noun. tomorrow

esse

noun. name

fafarra-

verb. *to keep on hunting

A frequentative form of ᴹQ. fara- appearing in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 (PE22/112), hence meaning something like “✱to keep on hunting”. It replaced an archaic form †papharra-.

fara-

verb. to hunt

himíte

adjective. clinging, able to stick on

i kiryo sorasta

the ship’s (particular on[e]) equipment

i sorasta i kiryava

the ship’s (particular on[e]) equipment

kaita-

verb. to lie

kakarra-

verb. to keep on doing, to keep on doing, *continue

A frequentative form of kar- “do, make” glossed “keep on doing”, appearing in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 using the frequentative patterns described in that document (PE22/100, 109).

Neo-Quenya: Tolkien used different patterns in his later writings: see the entry on the Quenya frequentative for details. However, I think the old patterns can coexist with the new ones, and I would retain this verb for purposes of Neo-Quenya. I think cacarra- can also mean “✱to continue”.

kas

noun. head

kas

noun. head

kolma

noun. ring (?on finger)

korin

noun. circular enclosure, circular enclosure, [ᴱQ.] great circular hedge

kukumba-

verb. to nod repeatedly, (lit.) keep on bowing

An example frequentative verb in the Quenya Verbal System from 1948, based on ᴹQ. kuv- “bow” and so literally “keep on bowing”, but with the sense “to nod repeatedly” in modern Quenya.

kár

noun. head

lau(me)

adverb. no, no indeed not, on the contrary

laure

noun. gold

mandu

noun. lord

manwe

masculine name. on Taniqetil

manwe háma taniqetildesse

on Taniqetil M. has his hall

mena-

verb. to be making for, be on way to

An a-verb in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 glossed “be making for, on way to” based on the root ᴹ√MEN “go, proceed”, with a more continuative sense = “✱be in the process of going” (PE22/103). The later verb mína- is similar in form, but has the meaning “desire to go” (VT39/11).

mende

noun. will

nan

adverb/conjunction. but, on the contrary, on the other hand; again

nenemma-

verb. to keep on (re-)appearing

ninqe

adjective. white

no

preposition. under

nu

preposition. under

ná(n)

adverb/conjunction. but, on the contrary, on the other hand

núruhuine méne lumna

death-shadow is heavy on us

ololla-

verb. *to keep on growing

An untranslated frequentative verb ololla- appeared in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) of 1948 (PE22/112). Since the verb ᴹQ. ola- meant “grow” in this document (PE22/113), the frequentative probably meant “✱keep on growing”.

ororia-

verb. to keep on rising (and falling)

A hypothetical frequentative or “repetitive” form of the derived verb orya- “rise” (PE22/115 note #88). The paragraph where it appeared was rejected after Tolkien decided that “Repetitives are not often made from this type of stem [derived verbs]” (PE22/115).

orro

adverb. up in the air, on high

An adverb appearing on a rejected page of roots from the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) from 1948 glossed “up in the air, on high”, derived from the root ᴹ√SRŌ (PE22/127).

Neo-Quenya: Since RŌ/ORO “up” appears regularly in Tolkien’s writings, I’d retain orro “up high” [= at a great height] for purposes of Neo-Quenya, to contrast with tára “high, lofty, tall” [= of a great height].

orta-

verb. to rise

orya-

verb. to rise

parma

noun. book

qe e·kestuvan, ni·tuluva

when he asks me, I shall come; if on some future occasion he asks me, then on that occasion I shall come

qe e·kárie i kirya aldaryas, ni kauva kiryasta menelyas

if he finishes the boat by Monday, I shall be able to sail on Wednesday

qeqetta-

verb. to repeat, keep on saying

rohta-

verb. ?to run on foot

ráma

noun. wing

seru-

verb. to settle on, sit or lie down, come to rest on

The verb ᴹQ. seru- “settle on, sit or lie down, come to rest on” appeared in the Quenya Verbal System (QVS) of 1948 as an example of an inceptive verb (PE22/114). It was based on ᴹQ. ser- “rest, tarry, stay” (PE22/125).

tamba-

verb. to knock, keep on knocking

A verb in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “to knock, keep on knocking” under the root ᴹ√TAM “knock” (Ety/TAM). See the entry ᴹQ. ton- for other similar “knock, tap” verbs.

ten

conjunction. for

top-

verb. to cover

tutulla-

verb. to keep on coming (and going)

tyatyamba-

verb. *to keep on tasting

tópa

noun. roof

A noun for “roof” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√TOP “cover, roof” (Ety/TOP).

Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had a similar form ᴱQ. túpo “roof, cover, lid” under the early root ᴱ√TUPU (QL/95), with just the gloss “roof” in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/95). It also had a couple of other unrelated words: ᴱQ. tel (teld-) “roof” and ᴱQ. telin (telimb-) “roof, covering” both derived from the early root ᴱ√TELE (QL/90).

tópa-

verb. to roof

A verb for “to roof” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√TOP “cover, roof” (Ety/TOP).

ululla-

verb. to keep on pouring

A frequentative verb form appearing in Quenya Verb Structure (QVS) from 1948 (PE22/112).

ve

preposition. with

vea

noun. sea

vor(o)-

prefix. continual repetition

vorongandele

noun. continual repetition, (lit.) harping on one tune

ye

preposition. at