yelwa

adjective. loathsome

Changes

• yelva → yelwa ✧ Ety/DYEL

Cognates

• N. deleb “horrible, abominable, loathsome” ✧ Ety/DYEL

Derivations

• ᴹ√DYEL “feel fear and disgust; abhor” ✧ Ety/DYEL

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√DYEL > yelwa	[djelwa] > [jelwa]	✧ Ety/DYEL

Variations

• yelva ✧ EtyAC/DYEL (yelva)

ringe

noun. cold, cold, *chill

Changes

• ringa → ringe ✧ Ety/RINGI

Cognates

• On. ringe “cold” ✧ Ety/RINGI
• N. rhing “cold” ✧ Ety/RINGI

Derivations

• ᴹ√RINGI “cold” ✧ Ety/RINGI; EtyAC/RINGI

Element in

• Q. Ringil
• ᴹQ. Ringil ✧ Ety/RINGI
• ᴺQ. ringincë “cool, coldish”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√RINGI > ringe	[riŋgi] > [riŋge]	✧ Ety/RINGI
ᴹ√RINGĀ > ringa	[riŋgā] > [riŋga]	✧ EtyAC/RINGI

Variations

• ringa ✧ EtyAC/RINGI (ringa)

fírien

noun. Winter

Elements

Word	Gloss
fir-	“*to fade”

Variations

• Fíriën ✧ PM/134

hríve

noun. winter

Cognates

• N. rhíw “winter” ✧ PM/134

Element in

• ᴹQ. Erríve “November, *First-winter”
• ᴹQ. lairesse nihare to tarassi, yu unta hrívesse landannar “in the summer I live in [i.e. on] the hills [as a rule], and come down to the plains in the winter” ✧ PE22/125
• ᴹQ. Meterríve “January, *(lit.) End-winter”
• ᴹQ. Norríve “December, *After-winter”

Variations

• Hrívë ✧ PM/134; PM/134