lusta
void, empty
cilya
chasm
cilya noun "chasm", allative cilyanna ("k") "in-Chasm" (sc. "into [the] chasm") _(LR:47, 56). _In MR:471, cilya is defined as "cleft, gorge". Spelt kilya in Etym, there defined as "cleft, pass between hills, gorge" (KIL)
cumna
empty
cumna ("k")adj. "empty" (KUM)
iâ
noun. abyss, void
iâ
noun. chasm, pit; void, abyss, chasm, pit; void, abyss; [N.] gulf
A word variously glossed “void, abyss” (Let/383), “chasm, pit” (PE17/35), or “gulf” (Ety/YAG), it was the final element in the name S. Moria “Black Chasm, Black Pit”. It was a derivative of the root √YAG, and in The Etymologies of the 1930s its primitive form was given as ᴹ✶yagu- (Ety/YAG), in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s its primitive form was ᴹ✶yagō (RS/437), while in a 1967 letter its primitive form was ✶yagā (Let/383).
Derivations
Element in
- S. Moria “Black Chasm, Black Pit” ✧ Let/383; PE17/035; SA/iâ
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶yagā > iâ [jagā] > [jaga] > [jaɣa] > [jā] ✧ Let/383 √YAG > iâ [jagā] > [jaga] > [jaɣa] > [jā] ✧ PE17/035
iâ
noun. gulf
iâ
chasm
_ n. _chasm, pit. >> Moria
lost
adjective. empty
lost
adjective. empty
Element in
cofn
void
(adjective) cofn (empty), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn
cofn
void
(empty), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn
gast
void
(i ’Ast if the word can occur with article and is not counted as a proper name)
gaw
void
(noun) 1) gaw (i **aw), pl. goe (i ngoe = i ñoe), 2) (noun, "the Void" beyond the world) Gast (i **Ast if the word can occur with article and is not counted as a proper name), 3) iâ (chasm, gulf, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)
gaw
void
(i ’aw), pl. goe (i ngoe = i ñoe)
iâ
void
(chasm, gulf, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)
covn
noun. empty, void
iaw
gulf
(cleft, ravine), pl. ioe. Note: a homophone means ”corn”.
iâ
gulf
1) iâ (chasm, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383), 2) iaw (cleft, ravine), pl. ioe. Note: a homophone means ”corn”.
iâ
gulf
(chasm, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)
iâ
chasm
iâ (gulf, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)
iâ
chasm
(gulf, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)
lost
empty
lost (pl. lyst), also cofn (void), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn
lost
empty
(pl. lyst), also cofn (void), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn
akhâs
noun. chasm
A noun for “chasm” attested only in the prepositional phrase akhāsada “into chasm” (SD/247) and akhās-ada “chasm-into” (SD/311), the latter example making it clear which element means what.
Element in
- Ad. azrîya du-phursâ akhâsada “that [the] seas should gush into [the] chasm” ✧ SD/247
- Ad. azrē nai {phurusam >>} phurrusim akhās-ada “seas might-flow Chasm-into” ✧ SD/311
Variations
- akhās ✧ SD/247; SD/311
belegast
place name. Void
Noldorin term for the “Void” appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s, a combination of beleg “great” and Gast “void” (Ety/KUM), also appearing as a variant Belego containing gaw “void” (Ety/GAS).
Elements
Word Gloss beleg “great, large” Gast “Void” Variations
- Belego ✧ Ety/GAS
gast
proper name. Void
A name for the Void beyond the world appearing in The Etymologies from the 1930s, more fully Belegast (Ety/KUM).
Derivations
- ᴹ√GAS “yawn, gape” ✧ Ety/KUM
Element in
- N. Belegast “Void” ✧ Ety/KUM
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√GAS > Gast [gaste] > [gast] ✧ Ety/KUM
gaw
noun. void
gaw
noun. void
Derivations
Element in
- N. Belegast “Void” ✧ Ety/GAS
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶gāsa > gaw [gāsa] > [gǭsa] > [gǭha] > [gouha] > [gauha] > [gauh] > [gau] ✧ Ety/GAS
caun
adjective. empty, void
caun
noun. empty, void
Changes
cûn→ caun “empty” ✧ Ety/KUMCognates
- ᴹQ. kumna “empty” ✧ Ety/KUM; Ety/KUM
Derivations
- ᴹ√KUM “void” ✧ Ety/KUM
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KUM > cûn [kumne] > [kumn] > [kuvn] > [kūn] ✧ Ety/KUM ᴹ√KUM > cofn > caun [kumna] > [komna] > [komn] > [kovn] > [koun] > [kaun] ✧ Ety/KUM Variations
- cûn ✧ Ety/KUM (
cûn)- caun ✧ Ety/KUM
cofn
adjective. empty, void
ia
noun. abyss, void
ia
noun. gulf
ia
noun. gulf
Derivations
Element in
- N. Moria “Black Gulf” ✧ Ety/YAG; RS/437
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶yagu- > ia [jagu] > [jago] > [jaɣo] > [jaɣ] > [ja] ✧ Ety/YAG ᴹ✶yagō > ia [jagō] > [jago] > [jaɣo] > [jaɣ] > [ja] ✧ RS/437
lhost
adjective. empty
lhost
adjective. empty
Cognates
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√LUS > lhost [lusta] > [losta] > [lost] > [l̥ost] ✧ Ety/LUS Variations
- lost ✧ EtyAC/LŌ (
lost)
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
kúma
noun. void
Cognates
- On. kūma “void” ✧ Ety/KUM
Derivations
- ᴹ√KUM “void” ✧ Ety/KUM
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KUM > kúma [kūma] ✧ Ety/KUM Variations
- Kúma ✧ MRI/Kúma; SM/237; SM/241; SMI/Kúma
lusta
adjective. void, empty
Cognates
Derivations
- ᴹ√LUS “*empty” ✧ Ety/LUS
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√LUS > lusta [lusta] ✧ Ety/LUS
kumna
adjective. empty
Cognates
- N. caun “empty, void” ✧ Ety/KUM; Ety/KUM
Derivations
- ᴹ√KUM “void” ✧ Ety/KUM
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KUM > kumna [kumna] ✧ Ety/KUM
lost Reconstructed
adjective. empty
A Doriathrin adjective meaning “empty” attested only as an element in the name Dor. Mablost (Ety/KAB). Its Quenya cognate lusta suggests a primitive form ✱✶lustā, with the [o] developing from Ilkorin a-affection. It might be a Doriathrin-only variant of more general Ilkorin losgen “empty”.
Cognates
Derivations
- ᴹ√LUS “*empty” ✧ Ety/KAB
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√LUS > lost [lustā] > [lusta] > [losta] > [lost] ✧ Ety/KAB
losgen Reconstructed
adjective. empty
An adjective meaning “empty” attested only as an element in the Ilkorin name Mablosgen (Ety/MAP). As suggested by Helge Fauskanger, it might be a combination of Dor. lost and the adjective suffix -en, but if so it is unclear where the medial g came from (AL-Ilkorin/Mablosgen). Alternately, perhaps losgen is the general Ilkorin adjective for “empty” and lost is a variant used only in the Doriathrin dialect.
Cognates
- N. lhost “empty”
Derivations
- ᴹ√LUS “*empty”
Element in
- Ilk. Mablosgen “Empty-handed” ✧ Ety/MAP
Elements
Word Gloss lost “empty” -en “adjectival suffix”
kūma
noun. void
Cognates
- ᴹQ. kúma “void” ✧ Ety/KUM
Derivations
- ᴹ√KUM “void” ✧ Ety/KUM
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√KUM > kūma [kūma] ✧ Ety/KUM Variations
- kúma ✧ EtyAC/KUM
gāsa
noun. void
Derivations
- ᴹ√GAS “yawn, gape” ✧ Ety/GAS
Derivatives
- N. gaw “void” ✧ Ety/GAS
Variations
- gása ✧ EtyAC/GAS (On. gása)
kum
root. void
A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “void”, with derivatives like ᴹQ. kúma “void” and N. caun “empty” (Ety/KUM). It was probably also the basis of ᴹQ. kumba in ᴹQ. saurikumba in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, unglossed but probably “✱foul-bellied” (SD/86).
Derivatives
Element in
- ᴹQ. Avakúma “Exterior Void” ✧ Ety/AWA
yagō
noun. gulf
Derivations
- ᴹ√YAG “yawn, gape” ✧ Ety/YAG
Derivatives
- N. ia “gulf” ✧ Ety/YAG; RS/437
Variations
- yagu- ✧ Ety/YAG
nil
adjective. empty
lusta adj. "void, empty" (LUS)