*vinca, see winca
Quenya
vinë
vinë
vinca
vinca
vinima
vinima
*vinima, see winima
vinimo
vinimo
*vinimo, see winimo
vinyamo
vinyamo
*vinyamo, see winyamo
vingilótë
proper name. Foam-flower
Name of the ship of Eärendil, translated “Foam-flower” (S/246). It is a compound of vingë (vingi-) “foam” and lótë “flower”, and often appeared in the shorter form Vingilot.
Conceptual Development: This name dates back to the earliest Lost Tales, always with essentially the same etymology and meaning. In the earliest stories it appeared as ᴱQ. Wingilot (LT1/21), and was ᴹQ. Wingelóte in The Etymologies from the 1930s (Ety/LOT(H), WIG).
Although Tolkien was consistent on the meaning of this name and its elements, he could never quite make up his mind on its exact form. The name appeared in a wide variety of forms, from his earliest to his latest writings. The variations were:
The initial letter could be V- or W-.
The middle vowel could be i, e or a.
The final syllable be -lótë or -lot.
The first of these variation probably reflects Tolkien’s uncertainty on the development of the phoneme [w] in Quenya; in one place Tolkien said it “is in intention formed to resemble and ‘explain’ the name of Wade’s ship Guingelot” (PM/371). The second variation indicates different possible primitive forms of vingë “foam”. The third variation is simply the ordinary variation in the short and long forms of the name, also seen in names like Valinor/Valinórë and Silmaril/Silmarillë.
Vingilot/Vingilótë was the form adopted by Christopher Tolkien for the published Silmarillion, since it replaced earlier forms (sometimes but not always) in Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s (WJ/246).
vinyamar
place name. New Dwelling
vinyarion
masculine name. *New Son
Birth name of Hyarmendacil II (LotR/1038, PM/199). His name seems to be a compound of vinya “new” and the suffix -ion “son”.
vingë
noun. foam, spindrift, spray, foam, spindrift, spray, [ᴹQ.] wave crest, [ᴱQ.] froth, scud; wave
A noun for “foam” or “spray”, described at one point as “properly a flying splume or spindrift blown off wavetops” (PM/392).
Possible Etymology: This word was derived from primitive ᴹ✶wingē (Ety/WIG) and had a Sindarin cognate S. gwing (PM/376). As such, the expected Quenya form would be vinge, since initial w became v fairly early in Quenya’s phonetic history, but as an independent word Tolkien fairly consistently wrote this word with an initial w-. Its most notable use is in the name of Earendil’s ship Q. Vingilótë or Wingelótë “Foam Flower”, which in one place Tolkien said “is in intention formed to resemble and ‘explain’ the name of Wade’s ship Guingelot” (PM/371), and this resemblance may explain Tolkien’s frequent use of initial w-. Alternately, it could be a hold over from Early Qenya where the primitive form began with gw- (see below).
Conceptual Development: ᴱQ. ’winge “foam, spindrift, froth, scud” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s as a derivative of the root ᴱ√GWIŊI (QL/104). Its stem form was given as {wingi- >>} winge, and in connection to this change Tolkien wrote “winge is [primitive] uiŋē, also = wave”. In the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa Tolkien had winge with the gloss “froth, foam” and stem form wingi- (PME/104). In a glossary for drafts of the poem Earendel from around 1930 Tolkien had winge “blowing foam, spray” as the basis for ᴱQ. wingild- “foam-maiden” (PE16/100).
In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien had ᴹQ. winge “foam, crest of wave, crest” derived from primitive ᴹ✶wingē (Ety/WIG). In The Etymologies it was the name of tengwa n (EtyAC/WIG), later named vilya. The same was true in notes on The Feanorian Alphabet from the 1930s where Tolkien had ᴹQ. winge “foam” (PE22/22), and also in the version of this document from the 1940s except he wrote wiñge with an ñ (PE22/51); in The Lord of the Rings Appendix E this tengwa’s name was Q. vilya (†wilya) (LotR/1123). This tengwa is in the series for labialized velars and the téma for (ancient) voiced stops, and thus should represent an ancient gw, but that does not seem to be the case for either winge or wilya.
The word winge appeared regularly in Tolkien’s later writings as an independent word, always with an initial w-, even though Tolkien usually wrote Vingilótë in this period. In the Markirya poem, however, the form was winga “foam” (MC/222-223). At one point Tolkien considered making this a loan word from Beorian, but he abandoned this idea (PM/368-371).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would write this word as vingë in keeping with its modern pronunciation.
vinyalondë
place name. New Haven
Vincarna
new-made, renewed
Vincarna compounded passive participle *"new-made, renewed" (MR:408)
Vingelot
foam-flower
Vingelot, Vingilot, Vingilótë ship-name; "Foam-flower", name of Eärendil's ship (SA:wing, Silm)
Vinyamar
new dwelling
Vinyamar place-name *"New Dwelling" (Silm)
Vinyarië
newyear's day
Vinyarië noun "Newyear's Day" (PM:127)
vinda-
fade
[vinda- vb. "fade"; pa.t. vindanë given (VT46:21). Compare vinta-.]
vindë
blue-grey, pale blue or grey
[vindë noun "blue-grey, pale blue or grey"; older windë. (WIN/WIND, VT45:16, 46:21) The stem-form would have been vindi-, given the primitive form ¤windi.]
vinimo
noun. baby, little-one
A word appearing as winimo “baby” (VT47/10) or “little-one, baby” (VT48/6) in notes associated with Elvish Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, in one place with the variant win(i)ke (VT48/6). It was an elaboration of winë (wini-) of similar meaning. Tolkien said that “Pengoloð gives these in archaic Quenya form before the change of w, in most situations to v” (VT48/6), so the modern spelling and pronunciation of this word would be vinimo.
vinta-
fade
[vinta- (2) vb. "fade", pa.t. vintë, vintanë given. (WIN/WIND) Compare vinda-.]
vinta-
scatter
*vinta- (1) vb, later pronunctiation of winta- "scatter", q.v.
vinya
pale blue
vinya (2) < windya adj. "pale blue" (WIN/WIND)(It is uncertain whether Tolkien rejected this word or not; in any case, vinya is only attested with the meaning "young, new" in his later Quenya.)
vinya
young
vinya (1) adj. "young" (VT46:22, VT47:26, PE17:191) or "new" (cf. compounds Vinyamar, Vinyarië below; cf. also winya "new, fresh, young" in a deleted entry in the Etymologies, VT45:16; there the word was first written as vinya.) Vinya "the Young", original name of the isle of Númenor among its own people (SD:332).
vinyë
evening
[vinyë noun "evening" (VT46:21)]
vinya
adjective. young, new
vinimetta
noun. end of youth, end of youth, *reaching middle age
vinyamo
noun. youngster
vinyarë
noun. youth, youth, *young adulthood
vingil
noun. *nymph, mermaid, foam-maid, [ᴹQ.] nymph, mermaid, foam-maid
vinta-
verb. to scatter, blow about
vínë
noun. youth, youth, *childhood
vínë
youth
vínë noun "youth" (probably as abstract) (VT47:26, PE17:191)
*vincë
*vincë
*vincë, see winicë
vin
adverb. just, just now, only just, already
vingilótë
Vingilótë
Vinyamar
Vinyamar
The name is Quenya for "New Home".
vinyanóna
adjective. new-born
vin(i)-
prefix. neo-
vinquetta
noun. neologism
vinyar
noun. news
vinima
adjective. childish
liantassë
vine
liantassë noun "vine" (LT1:271)
wine
noun. baby, child not yet fully grown
winë (stem *wini-, given the primitive form ¤wini) noun "baby, child not yet fully grown", "little-one", also used in children's play for "little finger" or "little toe" (VT46:10, 26, VT48:6, 16). Synonyms win(i)cë, winimo. In Exilic Quenya, this word would appear as *vinë; compare the related word winya > vinya "young, new".
liantassë
noun. vine
paimenë
noun. vindictiveness, vengefulness, cruelty
ingoldo
masculine name. The Noldo
The mother-name of Finarfin (PM/360), and also the mother name of his son Finrod (PM/346). It is an archaic combination of the definite article i “the” and ✶Ñgoldō > Noldo, with the ñg- preserved because it was not at the beginning of the word (PE19/76). It would have been Sindarized as S. Angolodh, but this name was not used because Finarfin did not go to Middle-earth with his brothers (PM/360). A similar name was common in Númenor and Gondor, where it was reduced to Ingold (PM/360, LotR/749).
Conceptual Development: In earlier writing, the mother-name of Finarfin was Ingalaurë, while Ingoldo was the mother-name of Fingolfin (MR/230, PE17/118). At this stage, Tolkien said that it was a combination of the names of the peoples of Fingolfin’s mother and father, the Ingar and Noldor (MR/230). As the mother-mame of Fingolfin, Tolkien also considered having this name develop into Fingoldo (PE17/39) or Ingoldofinwe (PE17/118, MR/230) to better match his Sindarin name.
winë
noun. baby, little-one, child not yet full grown
A word glossed “baby” (VT47/10), “child not yet full grown” (VT47/26), or “little-one, baby” (VT48/6) in notes associated with Elvish Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, sometimes appearing beside longer variants winimo or win(i)ke (VT47/10; VT48/6). It was derived from the root √WIN (VT47/26).
Neo-Quenya: Tolkien said that “Pengoloð gives these in archaic Quenya form before the change of w, in most situations to v” (VT48/6), but I would keep this word as wine since that would be easier for an infant to pronounce. I would use it only as an affectionate or play name, using longer †winimo (modern vinimo) as the proper term for “baby”.
carna
built, made
carna passive participle *"built, made" in Vincarna "newly-made" (MR:408), also struck-out alacarna "well-done, well-made" (PE17:172). Carna would seem to be the passive participle of car-, though a longer form carina (read *cárina?) is also attested (VT43:15).
hinyë
noun. baby
A word for a “baby” in rough notes on Elvish finger names (VT47/27), probably some kind of diminutive formation from √KHIN “child”. It had a variant hintil that is clearly specific to fingers only: = √KHIN + √TIL “✱baby finger, (lit.) child tip”.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, it is probably better to use one of the baby words from the more finished versions of these notes, such as vinimo.
liantë
spider
liantë (1) noun "spider" (SLIG), in earlier sources ascribed other meanings:(2)liantë "tendril" (LT1:271) and (3) "vine" (PE14:55, cf. liantassë elsewhere)
már
home, house, dwelling
már (mar-) (2) noun "home, house, dwelling" (also "house" in the sense of family as in Mardil, q.v.). See mar above for references. In Mar-nu-Falmar, Mardil, and as final element in Eldamar, Fanyamar, Valimar, Vinyamar..
winca
corner, nook
winca noun "corner, nook" (QL:104, there written winka). Read *vinca if this early "Qenya" form is to be adapted to LotR-style Third Age Quenya.
windya
pale blue
windya > vinya adj. "pale blue" (WIN/WIND)(It is uncertain whether Tolkien rejected this word or not; in any case, vinya means "new" in his later versions of Quenya.)
windë
pale blue
[windë > vindë adj. "pale blue" (VT45:16)]
winicë
baby
winicë (also wincë), noun "baby", also used in children's play for "little finger" or "little toe" (VT48:6). Synonyms winë, winimo. In Exilic Quenya, this word would appear as *vinicë*, vincë; compare the related word winya > vinya "young, new". Since the diminutive ending -icë descends from -iki(VT48:16), winicë may have the stem-form winici**-.
winima
childish
winima adj. "childish" (VT47:26). In Exilic Quenya, this word would appear as *vinima; compare the related word winya > vinya "young, new".
winima
adjective. childish
A word appearing as winima “childish” in notes from 1968, an adjectival form of winë (wini-) “child not yet full grown” (VT47/26).
Neo-Quenya: In other notes from this period, Tolkien said of winë that “Pengoloð gives these in archaic Quenya form before the change of w, in most situations to v” (VT48/6), so I would likewise adapt this word as ᴺQ. vinima.
winimo
baby
winimo noun "baby", "little-one", used in children's play for "little finger" or "little toe" (VT47:10, VT48:6, 16). Synonyms winë, win(i)cë. In Exilic Quenya, this word would appear as *vinimo; compare the related word winya > vinya "young, new".
winya
new, fresh, young
winya (1) adj. "new, fresh, young" _(VT45:16; though the entry including this form was struck out in the Etymologies, _vinya "new" is a valid word in Tolkien's later Quenya, and it is meant to represent older winya. Compare winyamo, q.v.)
winya
winya
[winya (2), see vinya #2 (WIN/WIND)]
winyamo
youngster
winyamo noun "youngster" (VT47:26). In Exilic Quenya, this word would appear as *vinyamo; compare the related word winya > vinya "young, new".
-lma
our
-lma pronominal ending "our", 1st person pl. exclusive (VT49:16), also attested (with the genitive ending -o that displaces final -a) in the word omentielmo "of our meeting" (nominative omentielma, PE17:58). Tolkien emended omentielmo to omentielvo in the Second Edition of LotR, reflecting a revision of the Quenya pronominal system (cf. VT49:38, 49, Letters:447). The cluster -lm- in the endings for inclusive "we/our" was altered to -lv- (VT43:14). In the revised system, -lma should apparently signify exclusive "our".
-lwa
our
-lwa, possessive pronominal ending, 1st person pl. inclusive "our" (VT49:16), later (in exilic Quenya) used in the form #-lva, genitive -lvo in omentielvo (see -lv-).
-mma
our
-mma "our", 1st person dual exlusive possessive ending: *"my and one others" (VT49:16). At an earlier conceptual phase, Tolkien apparently intended the same ending to be plural inclusive "our" (VT49:55, RS:324), cf. Mélamarimma "Our Home" (q.v.) In the latter word, Tolkien slips in i as a connecting vowel before this ending; elsewhere he used e, as in Átaremma "our Father" (see atar).
-ngwa
our
-ngwa "our", 1st person dual inclusive possessive pronominal ending: *"thy and my", corresponding to the ending -ngwë for dual inclusive "we" (VT49:16)
Wingelot
foam-flower
Wingelot, Wingelótë ship-name, "foam-flower", name of Earendel's [sic] boat (WIG, LOT(H) )
amya-
verb. [unglossed]
arra
adjective. [unglossed]
cairë
?. [unglossed]
conta-
verb. [unglossed]
cúma
noun. [unglossed]
erinqua
single, alone
erinqua adj. "single, alone" (VT42:10)
erya
single, sole
erya adj. "single, sole" (ERE)
falasta-
to foam
falasta- vb. "to foam", participle falastala "foaming, surging" in Markirya
felca
adjective. [unglossed]
felehta-
verb. [unglossed], *to excavate, tunnel, mine
An untranslated form appearing in Notes on Names (NN) from 1957 derived from the root √PHELEG/PHELEK (PE17/118), possibly a verb derived from ✱phelektā- or ✱phelegtā-. The derivatives of this root had to do with mines and tunnels, so perhaps this verb meant “✱to excavate, tunnel, mine”.
finca
noun. [unglossed]
hendas
?. [unglossed]
hindo
noun. [unglossed]
hindë
noun. [unglossed]
holdë
noun. [unglossed]
háro
?. [unglossed]
ilin
pale blue
ilin adj. "pale blue" (GLINDI)
laisi
youth, vigour, new life
laisi, laito noun "youth, vigour, new life" (LT1:267; rather vië or nésë, nessë in Tolkien's later Quenya)
lingi-
verb. [unglossed]
maitya
?. [unglossed]
malsa
?. [unglossed]
melya-
verb. [unglossed], *to be in love
menya
our
menya (pl. menyë is attested) possessive pron. "our", 1st person pl. exclusive independent possessive pronoun (VT43:19, 35). Evidently derived from the dative form men "for us" by adding the adjectival ending -ya. Compare ninya, q.v.
mélamar
home
mélamar noun "home", Exilic Quenya word of emotional sense: place of ones birth or the familiar places from which one has been separated (PE17:109). Mélamarimma noun "Our Home", an expression used by Exilic Noldor for Aman.
naue
?. [unglossed]
nessa
young
nessa adj. "young" (NETH), alsoNessa as name of a Valië, the spouse of Tulkas (adopted and adapted from Valarin, or an archaic Elvish formation: WJ:404 vs. 416). Also called Indis, "bride" (NETH, NI1). The fem. name Nessanië (UT:210) would seem to incorporate Nessa's name; the second element could mean "tear" (nië), but since Nessa is not normally associated with sorrow, this #nië is perhaps rather a variant of ní "female" (compare Tintanië as a variant of Tintallë).
nessë
youth
nessë noun "youth"; also nésë (NETH)
nésë
youth
nésë (Þ) noun "youth", also nessë (NETH). Not to be confused with nésë "he was"; see ná #1.
quel-
verb. to fade, to fade; [ᴹQ.] †to fail; [ᴱQ.] to perish
rea
adjective. single
rëa
adjective. single
sal-
verb. [unglossed]
sinta-
fade
sinta- (þ) (2) vb. "fade", pa.t. sintanë (THIN)
sinya
new
sinya adj. "new" (SI)
sinyë
evening
sinyë (þ) noun "evening" (THIN)
sélo
?. [unglossed]
sóla
?. [unglossed]
thar-
verb. [unglossed]
tomba
noun. [unglossed]
tompë
noun. [unglossed], *pulse, beat
@@@ Neo-meaning “✱pulse, beat” suggested by Röandil on 2023-04-20
um(ba)-
prefix. [unglossed]
umbacarin
noun. [unglossed]
vírië
youth
vírië noun "youth" (as abstract) (VT46:22)
win(i)cë
noun. baby, little-one
wingil
noun. *nymph, mermaid, foam-maid
wingilot
foamflower, eärendel's boat
wingilot noun "foamflower, Eärendel's boat" (LT1:273; in Tolkien's later Quenya Wingelot, Wingelóte)
wingë
noun. foam, spindrift, spray
winimo
noun. baby, little-one
winta-
scatter, blow about
winta- vb. "scatter, blow about" (both transitive and intransitive) (PM:376)
winta-
verb. to scatter, blow about
winyamo
noun. youngster
éna
?. [unglossed]
úpa-
verb. [unglossed]
þúna
?. [unglossed]
lepsilë
noun. tendril
miru
noun. wine
neltë
noun. corner
sinyar
noun. news
*vinë (vini-), see winë