tolma
protuberance contrived to serve a purpose, knob, short rounded handle
tolma
noun. protuberance contrived to serve a purpose, knob, short rounded handle, knob, (short rounded) handle, protuberance contrived to serve a purpose
A noun in notes from the late 1960s glossed “a protuberance contrived to serve a purpose, knob, short rounded handle” derived from √TOL “stick out” (VT47/28).
Conceptual Development: A similar word ᴱQ. tolos (toloss-) “knob, lump” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√TOLO (QL/94).
Derivations
- √TOL “stick up or out, stand up (out and above neighboring things), raise the head” ✧ VT47/28
Element in
- ᴺQ. otolmië “keyboard”
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √TOL > tolma [tolma] ✧ VT47/28
tolos
knob, lump
tolos noun "knob, lump" (LT1:269; this "Qenya" form would seem to be a precursor of Quenya tolma, q.v.)
carma
helm
carma (2) noun "helm" (helmet) in Carma-cundo ("k") "Helm-guardian" (PM:260). Notice that in PE17:114, Tolkien indicated that he rather wanted carma to mean "tool" or "weapon", leaving the status of carma "helmet" uncertain. Possibly shortened to -car in the names Eldacar (Elfhelm?), Hallacar (Tall-helm?) Cf. also cassa in Etym.
carma
noun. helm
Derivations
Element in
- Q. Carma-cundo “Helm-guardian” ✧ PM/260
- Q. Eldacar “Elfhelm” ✧ PE17/114
- Q. Hallacar “*Tall Helm”
- Q. Valacar “*Vala Helm” ✧ PE17/114
Elements
Word Gloss cas “head, head, [ᴱQ.] top, summit” Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ✶kāsā > -kar [-kasā] > [-kazā] > [-kaza] > [-kaz] > [-kar] ✧ PE17/114 ✶-kāsă > -kas [-kasa] > [-kas] ✧ PE17/114 ✶kasma > kazma > karma [kasma] > [kazma] > [karma] ✧ PE17/114 Variations
- karma ✧ PE17/114
- Karma ✧ PM/260
tolma noun "a protuberance contrived to serve a purpose, knob, short rounded handle", etc. (VT47:28)