(dew), pl1. tiw _ n. _letter. tew << têw; tiw << tîw. >> téw
Noldorin
tîw
noun. letter
tew
noun. letter
Sindarin
tew
letter
têw
noun. letter
têw
noun. letter, written sign
têw
letter
têw (i dêw, o thêw, construct tew) (sign, tengwa), pl. tîw (i **thîw), coll. pl. téwath**
têw
letter
(i dêw, o thêw, construct tew) (sign, tengwa), pl. tîw (i thîw), coll. pl. téwath
tûg
fat
tûg (lenited dûg, pl. tuig) (thick)
tûg
fat
(lenited dûg, pl. tuig) (thick)
Primitive elvish
tekmā
noun. letter
Quenya
lar
fat, riches
lar (1) noun "fat, riches" (VT45:26; Hostetter and Wynne suggest that the second gloss should perhaps read "richness" rather than "riches")
lárëa
fat, rich
lárëa (1) adj. "fat, rich" (VT45:26)
sarat
letter
sarat (pl. sarati given) noun "letter", any individual significant mark, used of the letters of Rúmil after the invention of Fëanor's tengwar (WJ:396). Cf. sarmë.
tengwa
letter
tengwa (pl. tengwar is attested) (1) noun "letter" Tengwa (ñ) is defined as "any one visible sign representing (theoretically) any one audible teñgwe" (phoneme) (VT39:17). In non-technical usage tengwa was equivalent to "consonant", since only the consonants were full signs (WJ:396, TEK). In the Etymologies, tengwa was apparently emended from tengwë (VT46:17).
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Middle Primitive Elvish
tiw
root. fat, thick
The root ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. tiuka/N. tûg “thick, fat” and ᴹQ. tiuko “thigh” (Ety/TIW). Tolkien said it may have been the basis for the root ᴹ√TUY “spring, sprout” via the sense “grow fat, swell” (Ety/TUY), perhaps as an abnormal vocalization: ✱tiwy- > ✱t(i)u̯y-. Tolkien had a similar pair of related roots in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s: ᴱ√TIW̯I “thick” and unglossed ᴱ√TYU which was the basis for words like ᴱQ. tyû “thigh” (GL/50, 93); that document also had ᴱ√TUẎU as the basis for “sprout” and “spring” words, but in the 1910s it seems to be unrelated. Also in the 1910s, Tolkien had unglossed ᴱ√PIẆI with derivatives like ᴱQ. pingwa “fat, rich (of soil)” and ᴱQ. piu “calf of leg” (QL/74), which might have been another precursor to ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick” from the 1930s.
In the Outline of Phonetic Development (OP1) of the 1940s, Tolkien instead gave ᴹ√KIWIK as the basis for ᴹQ. ciuca “thigh” (PE19/54). A similar etymology for Q. kiuka or kyūka “thigh” appeared in Outline of Phonology (OP2) of the early 1950s (PE19/107). Thus there was considerable variation in form for these roots.
Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I’d stick with ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick” as the base root, as it has the largest collection of derivatives.
Early Noldorin
lhub
noun. fat
A noun appearing as ᴱN. lhub “fat” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/149). It was a later iteration G. lub “fat, fat flesh” in Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s derived from primitive ᴱ✶lūpe (GL/55).
Neo-Sindarin: I think it is worth retaining these words for purposes of Neo-Sindarin as ᴺS. lûb “fat, (fat) flesh” from a Neo-Root ᴺ√LUP.
Early Primitive Elvish
sṛkṛ
root. fat
Early Quenya
pyúva
adjective. fat
teket
noun. letter
@@@ used for “letter (epistola)” in NQNT
teketta
noun. letter
Old Noldorin
tegma
noun. letter
@@@ tîw (Ety/TEK) appears to be plural, but is clearly glossed as singular “letter” with primitive form tekmē