nī/ini

root. female

gos/goth

root. dread

@@@ GOTH only evident in N. deloth and Gothmog

gū/mū

root. no, not

nowo

root. think, form idea, imagine

epe ndere

after the man

niñkwitā-

verb. to whiten

(e)rek

root. thorn, holly

diñg

root. ding (onomatopoeic)

ek

root. spear, (sharp) point, thorn

linga

root. hang

tinko

root. metal

ektelu-

verb. to well, bubble up, gush forth

etkat-

verb. to fashion

ugu/umu

root. negative stems

wa-nōrō

noun. one of kin

ndanithārō

masculine name. Saviour of the Dani

dōmilindē

noun. nightingale

ēntrende

place name. Outer Lands, East

ab

root. refuse, deny, say no, away, go away, depart

abtā-

verb. to away, go away

anta-

verb. to give, present

askarā

adjective. tearing, hastening

bérya-

verb. to dare

ektel-

verb. to gush

sliñgē

noun. spider, spider’s web, cobweb

tyalı̯ā-

verb. to play

batā̆

noun. beaten track, pathway

(g)laibē

noun. ointment

ad

root. entrance, gate

akkala-

verb. to blaze, shine (suddenly and) brilliantly

bad-

verb. to judge

belē

noun. strength

dōmi

noun. night, twilight, gloom

gais-

verb. to dread

khith/khis

root. mist, fog

stangasyandō

proper name. throng-cleaver, throng-cleaver, throng-hewer

tambā́-

verb. to knock

ding

root. ding (onomatopoeic)

ektele

noun. spring, issue of water

et-kelē

noun. spring, issue of water

álākō

noun. rush, rushing flight, wild wind

andọl

noun. long pole

balīndore

proper name. balīndore

ednōno

noun. firstborn

edēlā

noun. firstborn, eldest

-b(iy)ē

suffix. -ing

anga

root. iron

angā

noun. angā

arān

noun. arān

atta

cardinal. two

atta

root. two

barathī

feminine name. Spouse of Manwe

ezge

root. rustle, noise of leaves, shade

arʒāndōrē

place name. Dread Land

baryā-

verb. to protect

baryā́-

verb. to protect

dyel

root. feel fear and disgust, abhor

en

root. yonder, over there

skalatirnō̆

noun. fish watcher

tiu̯kā

adjective. thick, fat

etsiri

noun. mouth of a river

initial-s-groups

?. Gnome-realm

angwa

root. snake

aı̯an-

adjective. holy

baran

root. russet, brown

barat

root. *tower

bat

root. tread

battā

verb. trample

battā́

verb. trample

birit

root. BIRIT

dattā

noun. hole, pit

daʒ

root. great

daʒrā

adjective. great, large

dom

root. faint, dim

doron

root. oak

doʒ

root. night

dring

root. beat, strike

edenā

adjective. first

et

root. out, forth

et

preposition. out, forth

eñma

?. eñma

eʒ-

verb. to be

k’lā́

noun. light

lilta

root. dance

rautā

root. copper, metal

yē

root. to be

@@@ rejection may be due to introduction of yén “year” (PE22/86)

at(at)

root. again, back, back, again, twice, two

ettul-

verb. to come out

nau̯þe

noun. imagination

oı̯yā

adjective. everlasting

pal

root. wide (open)

ōmat-

verb. to eat away, devour, corrode

ankā

noun. jaw, row of teeth

atakwē

noun. construction, building

barasā́

adjective. hot, burning

bel

root. strong

boron-

verb. boron-

b’randā

adjective. lofty, noble, fine

b’rekta

verb. break out suddenly

b’rethā

noun. beech-mast

b’rittē

noun. broken stones, gravel

ede(l)

root. precede, come forward, hence

k’rikta

verb. reap

n(y)ar

root. tell, relate

turumā́

noun. shield

tyalañgando

noun. harper, harp-player, harper

uñgwē

noun. gloom

endero

masculine name. (?virile) young bridegroom

(a)ranyā

adjective. free, ?uncontrolling

alat

root. large, great in size

oy

root. ever, eternal

ulyā

verb. it is raining

(a)lak

root. swift, rushing

angosse

noun. horror

ayak

root. sharp, pointed

barasā

adjective. hot, burning

bedūina

proper name. *of Spouses

ber

root. valiant

berō

noun. valiant man, warrior

bor(on)

root. endure

dil

root. stop up, fill up hole

niñkwi

adjective. white, pale

eteŋgoldǝ

proper name. eteŋgoldǝ

khalnā́

adjective. noble, exalted

bátā̆

noun. beaten track, pathway

(a)ranı̯ā

adjective. free, ?uncontrolling

akla(r)

root. radiance, splendour

añgosse

noun. horror

dab

root. give way, make room, permit, allow

er

root. be alone, deprived

erekwa

adjective. isolated

es¹

root. indicate, name

geng(wā)

root. sick

mbād-

noun. judgement, sentence

atalat-

verb. slip right down, collapse, fall to ruin

khus

root. up from below ground, to ground level

tuı̯

verb. grow fat, swell?

a

root. intensive prefix

aktō

noun. artificer, maker, wright

ammat-

verb. to devour

auluta-

verb. [unglossed]

ba(n)

root. go, proceed

bal’tār-

proper name. Vala-king

beu̯rō

noun. follower, vassal

dub

root. lie, lie heavy, loom, hang over oppressively (of clouds)

e

root. intensive prefix

e

pronoun. he, she, it

et-kuiwē

noun. awakening

ga

pronoun. indefinite subject

ngalámbe

noun. barbarous speech

eph

root. emerge (especially from water, opp[osite] of dive)

es(et)

root. precede (forward)

alarʒǝ

proper name. very dread

daı̯ō

noun. shade, shadow cast by any object

e mati-the

he eats him (another man)

neŋgǝ

noun. beak, nose

abāro

noun. refuser, one who does not go forth

daiō

noun. shade, shadow cast by any object

at

root. back, again, twice, two

ata

root. father

balā

noun/adjective. powerful, Power, God

ban

root. *beauty

dag

root. dig

dagdā

noun. pit

den

root. hole, gap, passage

gal²

root. grow

gal¹

root. shine

tal

root. foot

tata

root. two

(g)libda

noun. soap

-k’to

suffix. maker, wright

-ndo

verb. agental suffix

adnō

noun. gate

aikwā

adjective. tall, steep

alkwā

noun. swan

amtā

noun. jaws, animal’s mouth

anad

root. *long

anat

root. ANAT

andambundā

adjective. long-snouted

andā

adjective. long

anār

noun. Sun

atar

noun. father

banā

feminine name. Banā

dar

root. stay, wait, stop, remain

dus

root. ?burn

d’rāk

noun. d’rāk

ed(er)

root. open

el

root. star, starry sky

eter

root. open, come out (of flowers/sun/etc.)

ezdē

noun. rest

phal(as)

root. foam

potō

root. animal’s foot

thar

root. across, beyond

ábārō̆

noun. departer, one who goes forth, refuser, one who does not go forth

asmalindē

noun. yellow bird, ‘yellow hammer’

asmalē

noun. yellow bird, ‘yellow hammer’

ailin

noun. pool, lake

arʒā

noun/adjective. dread

bal

root. *power

bar

root. raise, uplift, save, rescue(?)

baradā

adjective. lofty, sublime

barnā

adjective. barnā

besnō

noun. husband

bestā

noun. matrimony

b’rōnā

adjective. b’rōnā

dimbā

adjective. sad, gloomy

dimbē

noun. gloom, sadness

dyelek

root. sword?

g-lisi

noun. honey

ku̯ilẹz

noun. quiet

miw

root. whine

tau̯rā

adjective. masterful, mighty

wā(n)

root. goose

órku

noun. goblin

ū́banō

noun. monster

(a)yan

root. *holy

(e)ned

root. centre, middle

ak

root. narrow, confined

akrā

adjective. narrow

am¹

root. mother

amī̆l

noun. mother

amƀus

noun. breast

bereth

root. beech

danta-

verb. fall

dem

root. sad, gloomy

en

adverb. yonder

gaisrā

adjective. dreadful

law

root. abound

ter(es)

root. pierce

wed-tā

noun/verb. contract

ē¹

root. indeed

al

prefix. without

ar²

root. beside, outside

atyēnar

noun. anniversary day

berékā

adjective. wild

b’radil-

feminine name. b’radil-

b’rássē

noun. heat

daram

root. beat, hew, *[ᴱ√] batter, *thud

earendẹl

proper name. Earendẹl

phéren

noun. beech-tree

syad-ta

noun. axe-stroke

táwārē̆

noun. dryad, spirit of woods (f.)

táwārō̆

noun. dryad, spirit of woods (m.)

ben

root. corner (from inside), angle from inside

khusu

root. up from below ground, to ground level

(l)alam

root. elm-tree

-d

suffix. allative

a-¹

prefix. complete

beurō

noun. follower, vassal

b’rás-sē

noun. heat

eledandore

place name. *Elf-land

l(a)ik

root. keen, sharp, acute

turúmbē

noun. shield

at-yēn-ar

noun. anniversery day

balandore

proper name. balandore

buzbu

root. *large fly

buzbō

noun. large fly

bād-

noun. judgement

dat

root. fall down, fall

edel-

noun. Star-folk, Elf

eled

root. Star-Folk, Elves

yen-rinde

noun. year

ab(ar)

root. refuse, deny, say no, away, go away, depart

ai

adverb. possibility

alakarƀǝ

proper name. very active

mad-lī

noun. honey-eater

la(n)sro-ndo

verb. hearer, listener, eavesdropper

beuyā́-

verb. follow, serve

-ā

suffix. present suffix

-ā

suffix. present suffix

el(ed)

root. star, starry sky, star-folk, Elf

syatsē̆la

noun. broadsword-blade, axe-blade

a-²

prefix. a-²

am²

root. up

ap

root. ?cook

ar¹

root. day

besū

noun. husband and wife, married pair

-bā

suffix. -bā

ala¹

root. *blessed

ari

noun. day

atū

noun. father

dal

root. flat

day

root. shadow

dun

root. dark (of colour)

enek

root. six

ete

adverb. back, below

kub

root. bow

law

root. warm

abar

root. *refuser

aiwē

noun. (small) bird

alar-si

interjection. hail!

asat

root. *dust

bale

noun. Bale

baras

root. *heat

bessē

noun. wife

darak

root. *wolf

duy

root. *flow

esek

root. *sedge, reed

alā́ri

noun. bliss

amba-

adverb. amba-

ambar

noun. ambar

barad

root. BARAD

barath

root. *queen

berek

root. BEREK

beuyā-

verb. follow, serve

bew

root. follow, serve

This root appeared in The Etymologies, with derivatives only in the Telerin and Noldorin languages, making it likely that Quenya did not use this root. Its most notable derivative was the name N. Beor “Vassal”, primogenitor of the House of Beor.

In later writings, Tolkien said that Bëor “signified ‘Vassal’ in the name of his people [that is, in Beorian]” (S/142), indicating that this name was not Sindarin. This calls into question whether √BEW remained valid as a Primitive Elvish root in later writings. It is possible, though, that beor was a loan word into Beorian from Sindarin or Nandorin, so that its Sindarin and Telerin derivatives remained valid.

@@@ Derivatives

epe

preposition. after

eredē

noun. seed

es²

root. *place

farā-

verb. farā-

merek

root. MEREK

doʒmē

noun. doʒmē

bálāre

place name. Bálāre

eled-nil

masculine name. Eled-nil

[y]

?. [y]

bed

root. BED

bedū

noun. bedū

bes

root. wed

eʒ

root. be

* (g)laire

noun. long lay

* finweg

masculine name. Finwe

* eledā

noun. Star-folk, Elf