Quenya 

nairë

lament

nairë noun "lament" (NAY)

naina-

lament

naina- vb. "lament" (NAY), also reduplicated nainaina- (VT45:37). Gerund nainië, "lament" as a noun (RGEO:66)

nainië

noun. lament, lament, *lamentation

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
naina-“to lament”
-ië“gerund suffix, -ing”

noi

lament

noi noun "lament" (NAY)

nyéna-

lament

nyéna- vb. "lament" (LT1:262). Compare naina- in Tolkiens later Quenya.

lumbë

gloom, shadow

lumbë noun "gloom, shadow" (LUM)

yaru

gloom, blight

yaru noun "gloom, blight" (GL:37)

nimbë

noun. gloom, sadness

Derivations

  • ᴺ✶. DIM “sad, gloomy”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

lemba

adjective. sad

Derivations

  • ᴹ√DEM “sad, gloomy”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Sindarin 

nûr

adjective. sad

For an earlier discussion, see Klockzo, 4th volume, p. 160 §147: The meaning of Núrnen long remained highly hypothetical. The current definition is based on Christopher Tolkien's index to UT and on the unfinished index of names published in RC. The Gnomish Lexicon listed nur- (nauri) "growl, grumble", nurn "plaint, lament, a complaint" and nurna- "bewail, lament, complain of" (PE/11:61). Likewise, the Qenyaqetsa included a root NURU- with several derivatives with similar meanings (PE/12:68). See also Q. nurrula "mumbling" (from nurru- "murmur, grumble") in the final version of the poem The Last Ark (MC/222-23). Patrick Wynne therefore noted: S. *nûr in Núrnen "Sad Water" is apparently "sad" in the sense "bewailing, lamenting, complaining, grumbling", no doubt a reference to the general mood of the hapless laborers in "the great slave-worked fields" beside the lake. (See Lambengolmor/856-860)

Sindarin [Núrnen UT/458, RC/457] Group: SINDICT. Published by

naer

adjective. sad, lamentable

Sindarin [Ety/375, X/OE] Group: SINDICT. Published by

naergon

noun. woeful lament

Sindarin [PM/362] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dim

sadness

dim (i dhim) (gloom), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim) if there are any pl. forms. Note: a homophone means ”stair”.

dim

sadness

(i dhim) (gloom), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim) if there are any pl. forms. Note: a homophone means ”stair”.

dim

noun. gloom, sadness

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶dimbē “gloom, sadness”
    • ᴹ√DEM “sad, gloomy” ✧ EtyAC/DEM; Ety/DEM

dem

sad

1) dem (gloomy), lenited dhem, pl. dhim; 2) naer (dreadful, lamentable, woeful); no distinct pl. form. 3) nûr (pl. nuir). Note: homophones mean ”deep” and ”race”.

dem

sad

(gloomy), lenited dhem, pl. dhim

naer

sad

(dreadful, lamentable, woeful); no distinct pl. form.

nûr

sad

(pl. nuir). Note: homophones mean ”deep” and ”race”.

noe

lament

(noun) *noe (no distinct pl. form). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” nui.

noe

lament

(no distinct pl. form). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” nui.

naergon

woeful lament

(pl. naergoen)

daw

gloom

1) daw (i dhaw) (nighttime), pl. doe (i noe), coll. pl. ?dawath or ?doath; 2) dim (i dhim) (sadness), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim). Note: a homophone means ”stair”. 3) fuin (darkness, night, dead of night, nightshade). No distinct pl. form. 4) maur (i vaur), pl. moer (i moer) (VT45:35)

daw

gloom

(i dhaw) (nighttime), pl. doe (i noe), coll. pl. ?dawath or ?doath

dim

gloom

(i dhim) (sadness), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nim). Note: a homophone means ”stair”.

fuin

gloom

(darkness, night, dead of night, nightshade). No distinct pl. form.

maur

gloom

(i vaur), pl. moer (i moer) (VT45:35)

Telerin 

fuinë

noun. gloom

Cognates

  • Q. huinë “gloom, (unrelieved) darkness, deep shadow, night shade; dark (as a substance)” ✧ VT41/08

Variations

  • fuine ✧ VT41/08

Adûnaic

dâur

noun. gloom

A noun translated as “gloom” derived from the root √DAWAR (SD/423). It is an example of how primitive [[ad|[w] and [j] became [u] and [i] before consonants and finally]], thereby producing diphthongs.

Derivations

  • ✶Ad. dāw’r “gloom” ✧ SD/423
    • √Ad. DAWAR “*gloom” ✧ SD/423

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
✶Ad. dāw’r > dâur[dāwr] > [dāur]✧ SD/423

Noldorin 

dem

adjective. sad, gloomy

No language indication in the Etymologies, but Noldorin from context and phonological evidence

Noldorin [Ety/354] Group: SINDICT. Published by

noer

adjective. sad, lamentable

Noldorin [Ety/375, X/OE] Group: SINDICT. Published by

maur

noun. gloom

Noldorin [Ety/373] Group: SINDICT. Published by

maur

noun. gloom

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “gloom” appearing under the root ᴹ√MOR (Ety/MOR). A nearby primitive form ᴹ✶mǭri is the likely basis for this word as suggested by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne (EtyAC/MOR), where the primitive ǭ became au as was the usual sound change in both Noldorin and later Sindarin (PE18/46, 96).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. móre “blackness, dark, night” ✧ Ety/MOR

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶mǭri “blackness, dark, night” ✧ EtyAC/MOR
    • ᴹ√MOR “*black, dark” ✧ Ety/MOR

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶mǭri > maur[mǭri] > [mǭre] > [moure] > [maure] > [maur]✧ EtyAC/MOR

ogol < ogl

gloom

n/adj gloom, gloomy

Noldorin Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Primitive adûnaic

dāw’r

noun. gloom

A Primitive Adûnaic word glossed “gloom” (SD/423), the only attested example of a single-vowel-form for a triconsonantal-root. Ordinarily such a form would not be possible, since final consonant clusters did not appear in Primitive Adûnaic (SD/418, 426). It is possible that such forms were valid in the case of medial semi-vowels [w] and [j], however, since [[ad|[w] and [j] became [u] and [i] before consonants and finally]], thereby preventing a cluster from forming.

Derivations

  • √Ad. DAWAR “*gloom” ✧ SD/423

Derivatives

  • Ad. dâur “gloom” ✧ SD/423

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
√Ad. DAWAR > dāw’r[dāwr]✧ SD/423
Primitive adûnaic [SD/423] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

naire

noun. lament, sorrow, sorrow, *sadness, lament

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NAY “lament” ✧ Ety/NAY

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√NAY > naire[naire]✧ Ety/NAY
Qenya [Ety/NAY; PE22/124] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ungwe

noun. gloom

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶ungwē “gloom” ✧ Ety/UÑG
    • ᴹ√UÑG “*gloom” ✧ Ety/UÑG

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶uñgwē > ungwe[uŋgwē] > [uŋgwe]✧ Ety/UÑG

Variations

  • uñgwe ✧ PE22/051
Qenya [Ety/UÑG; EtyAC/UÑG; PE22/022; PE22/051] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nui

noun. lament

Doriathrin

dim

noun. gloom, sadness

A noun meaning “gloom, sadness” from the primitive form ᴹ✶dimbē (Ety/DEM).

Conceptual Development: The root of this word in The Etymologies was first written ᴹ√DIM, rejected and replaced by ᴹ√DEM (EtyAC/DEM). As pointed out by Helge Fauskanger, the primitive forms could only be derived from the root ᴹ√DIM (AL-Ilkorin/dem), so it seems that Tolkien did not carry through with the revision of ᴹ√DIM >> ᴹ√DEM.

In an earlier version of the entry, there is a primitive form ᴹ✶dembē > Ilk. dim, so perhaps Tolkien was considering an alternate phonetic development, a parallel for [mb] to the rule that [[ilk|[e], [o] became [i], [u] before [nn], [nd], [ŋg]]]. Maybe Tolkien rejected this rule for [mb] and reverted back to the root form ᴹ√DIM, but neglected to revert the root in the entry itself.

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶dimbē “gloom, sadness” ✧ Ety/DEM; EtyAC/DEM
    • ᴹ√DEM “sad, gloomy” ✧ EtyAC/DEM; Ety/DEM

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶dimbē > dim[dimbē] > [dimbe] > [dimb] > [dim]✧ Ety/DEM
ᴹ✶dembē > dim[dembē] > [dembe] > [dimbe] > [dimb] > [dim]✧ EtyAC/DEM
Doriathrin [Ety/DEM; EtyAC/DEM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

nui

noun. lament

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶nāyǝ “lament” ✧ Ety/NAY
    • ᴹ√NAY “lament” ✧ Ety/NAY

Element in

  • On. Nuinor “Lament” ✧ Ety/NAY

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶nāyǝ > noi > nui[nājǝ] > [nāj] > [nǭj] > [nǭi] > [nui]✧ Ety/NAY
Old Noldorin [Ety/NAY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nuinor

feminine name. Lament

Variations

  • Nuinoer/Nuinor ✧ Ety/NAY
Old Noldorin [Ety/NAY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

dimbē

noun. gloom, sadness

Derivations

  • ᴹ√DEM “sad, gloomy” ✧ EtyAC/DEM; Ety/DEM

Derivatives

  • ᴺS. dim “gloom, sadness”
  • Ilk. dim “gloom, sadness” ✧ Ety/DEM; EtyAC/DEM

Variations

  • dembē ✧ EtyAC/DEM
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/DEM; EtyAC/DEM] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ungwē

noun. gloom

Derivations

  • ᴹ√UÑG “*gloom” ✧ Ety/UÑG

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. ungwe “gloom” ✧ Ety/UÑG

Variations

  • uñgwē ✧ Ety/UÑG
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/UÑG] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nay

root. lament

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶nāyǝ “lament” ✧ Ety/NAY
    • On. nui “lament” ✧ Ety/NAY
  • ᴹQ. nai “alas” ✧ Ety/NAY
  • ᴹQ. naina- “to lament” ✧ Ety/NAY
  • ᴹQ. naire “lament, sorrow, sorrow, *sadness, lament” ✧ Ety/NAY
  • N. nae “alas” ✧ Ety/NAY
  • N. noer “sad, lamentable” ✧ Ety/NAY

Element in

Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/NAY; Ety/NEI; EtyAC/NEI] Group: Eldamo. Published by

nāyǝ

noun. lament

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NAY “lament” ✧ Ety/NAY

Derivatives

  • On. nui “lament” ✧ Ety/NAY

Variations

  • naye ✧ EtyAC/NAY
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/NAY; EtyAC/NAY] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

glumri

noun. moroseness, sadness