tyalië
noun. mirth, mirth, [ᴹQ.] play, game, sport
mirta-
verb. to value, esteem, treasure, cherish
larma
lucky event
[larma (3) noun "lucky event"; additional glosses in Tolkien's manuscript are tentatively read as "pleasure, mirth" by Hostetter and Wynne (VT45:26)]
tyal-
verb. play
play
tyal-
play
tyal- vb. "play" (1st pers. aorist tyalin "I play") (TYAL)
lalasta
noun. laughter
mirtha-
verb. to value, esteem, treasure, cherish
@@@ Discord 2023-03-06
telias
noun. play, game, sport, mirth
gelir
merry
(attested as the S equivalent of the name Merry) gelir (lenited elir; no distinct pl. form).
lalaith
laughter
lalaith; no distinct pl. form..
teilia
play
(verb) teilia- (i deilia, i theiliar), also telia- (i delia, i theliar)
teilien
play
(noun) teilien (i deilien) (sport), pl. teilin (i theilin). The word also occurs in a form that has e rather than ei (telien).
gelir
noun. merry, happy, gay person
gelir
masculine name. Merry
Sindarin translation of the name of Sam’s son Merry, appearing in Tolkien’s unpublished epilogue to The Lord of the Rings and in the King’s Letter (SD/126, 129). Most likely this name is an elaboration of [N.] gell “joy”.
Conceptual Development: In drafts of the epilogue, this name was initially (rejected) Riben (SD/117).
gelir
adjective. merry
Sindarin translation of the name of Sam’s son Merry, appearing in Tolkien’s unpublished epilogue to The Lord of the Rings and in the King’s Letter from the early 1950s (SD/126, 129). This word is apparently an adjective, most likely an elaboration of [N.] gell “joy”. In Didier Willis’s Sindarin Dictionary, it is suggested this word might instead be a noun, an agental formation meaning “✱merry person” (HSD/gelir).
Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s, the word for “merry” was G. dairog (GL/29), likely derived from ᴱ√TYALA “play”. This was revised to G. dairion in the “Gnomish Lexicon Slips” (PE13/112) and again to ᴱN. gair in Early Noldorin word lists from the 1920s (PE13/141, 143). This last change probably also reflects a new root, though exactly what this root might be is unclear. There isn’t a clear connection between these early forms and later gelir beyond a superficial resemblance of form.
lalaith
noun. laughter
lalaith
feminine name. Laughter
Name of Túrin’s deceased sister, translated “Laughter” (S/198). It is apparently the noun lalaith used as a name.
Conceptual Development: In Silmarillion revisions from the late 1950s, her name was changed to Lalaeth (MR/374), but that was not the name Christopher Tolkien used in the published Silmarillion.
lalaith
noun. laughter
gelir
merry
(lenited ’elir; no distinct pl. form).
lalaith
laughter
; no distinct pl. form..
teilia
play
(i deilia, i theiliar), also telia- (i delia, i theliar)
teilien
play
(i deilien) (sport), pl. teilin (i theilin). The word also occurs in a form that has e rather than ei (telien).
ganna-
verb. to play a harp
gannada-
verb. to play a harp
riben
masculine name. Merry
teilia-
verb. to play
telia-
verb. to play
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
mírien
noun. mirth
kankale
noun. laughter
dairwen
noun. mirth
canc
noun. laughter, mirth, merriment
dairion
adjective. merry
saltha-
verb. play
gairwen
adjective. mirth, fun
gerwen
adjective. mirth, fun
dangair
adjective. mirthless
gair
adjective. merry
tyal
root. play
This root first appeared as ᴱ√TYALA “play” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with the derivative ᴱQ. tyalie “play, game” (QL/49). Forms in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon like G. dairtha- “play” < ᴱ✶daı̯al- hint that the actual primitive form might have been ✱ᴱ√DYALA or ✱ᴱ√DAYALA (GL/29). In a table of vowel mutations added as a revision to the Gnomish Lexicon Tolkien instead had forms like ᴱ✶táliı̯èndǝ > G. teilian indicating a primitive initial t- (PE13/116); similar forms appeared in the Early Noldorin Dictionary of the 1920s (PE13/165).
In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien gave ᴹ√TYAL “play” with derivatives like ᴹQ. tyal-/N. telia- “to play” and ᴹQ. tyalie/N. telien “sport, play, game” (Ety/TYAL). Tolkien continued to use Q. tyalië “mirth” in later writings (PE21/80; PE17/64), but at some point in the 1950s decided that initial palatalized dentals were no longer a feature of Primitive Elvish (PE18/93-94), making the ongoing validity of √TYAL as a CE root doubtful: see the entry on how [[at|[j] was lost after initial dentals]] in the Welsh-like branch of the Elvish languages for further details. For example, in the second version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa (TQ2) from around 1950, Tolkien indicated √TYAL was a Quenya-only root, an elaboration of √TAL:
> In Quenya initial groups ty, ny, ps, ks appeared as developments of ky, ñy, sp, sk. But being established they were used in new formations. Thus Q tyal- “play” as a variation on tal- (not kal!) (PE18/84).
Neo-Eldarin: For purposes of Neo-Eldarin, I think it is best to ignore Tolkien’s decision to remove initial palatalized dentals from Primitive Elvish in order to retain roots like √TYAL for both Quenya and (Neo) Sindarin.
alasse
noun. joy, merriment
daı̯al-
verb. play
kali
masculine name. Merry
@@@ Discord 2023-03-06