Menel

noun. the heavens

_n. _the heavens, the apparent dome of the sky. Probably a Quenya word introduced into Sindarin. It was a 'pictorial' word, as the lore of the Eldar and the Númenoreans know much astronomy.

minal

noun. the heavens, sky

An Adûnaic noun for “the heaven” or “sky”, cognate of Q. menel but not a direct loan word from Quenya (SD/241). It was borrowed from Primitive Elvish, probably from an Avari dialect, and therefore underwent different phonetic development (SD/414). In one place Tolkien changed it minil (SD/414), but the form minal appears in various compounds and is probably to be preferred.

Changes

• Minal → Minil ✧ SD/414

Cognates

• ᴹQ. menel “the heavens, firmament, sky” ✧ SD/241

Derivations

• √Ad. MINIL “heaven, sky” ✧ SD/414
  • ᴹ√MENEL “heaven, sky” ✧ SD/414

Element in

• Ad. Arminalêth “*Royal Heaven (City)”
• Ad. minal-târik “heavenly pillar” ✧ SD/429
• Ad. Minal-zidar “Poise in Heaven” ✧ SD/200
• Ad. Minul-târik “Pillar of Heaven” ✧ SD/241; SD/429

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√Ad. MINIL > Minil	[minil]	✧ SD/414

Variations

• Minal ✧ SD/200; SD/414 (Minal)
• minil ✧ SD/241
• Minil ✧ SD/414