Theoretical Sindarin; based on the attested formations thinnas (– adj. thent).
Quenya
lesta
measure
lesta-
verb. to measure
Elements
Word Gloss lesta “measure”
Sindarin
nedia-
verb. to count
annas
5{#iD noun. length
nedia
count
(verb) nedia- (reckon, number) (i nedia, in nediar). Cited in archaic form ”noedia” = nödia- (LR:378 s.v. NOT);
nedia
count
(reckon, number) (i nedia, in nediar). Cited in archaic form ”noedia” = nödia- (LR:378 s.v. NOT);
genediad
count
(noun) genediad (i **enediad) (reckoning), pl. genediaid (i ngenediaid** = i ñenediaid) if there is a pl.
genediad
count
(i ’enediad) (reckoning), pl. genediaid (i ngenediaid = i ñenediaid) if there is a pl.
gonod
count up
(i ’onod, i ngenedir = i ñenedir) (reckon, sum up), pa.t. gonont
Noldorin
nœdia-
verb. to count
gonod-
verb. to count, count up, reckon, sum up
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Qenya
lesta
noun. measure
Element in
- ᴺQ. etelesta- “to measure (out)”
- ᴹQ. ilyain antalto annar lestanen Ilúvatáren “to all they gave in measure the gifts of Ilúvatar” ✧ LR/072; LR/072
- ᴺQ. lesta- “to measure”
Gnomish
modra-
verb. count, measure
Element in
- G. modri “measurement” ✧ GL/57
Early Primitive Elvish
taþa
root. count
The root {ᴱ√TASA >>} ᴱ√TAÞA “count” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, with derivatives ᴱQ. tanta “number” and ᴱQ. tasta- “reckon” (QL/90). It also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. {tant >>} tast “number” and {tath- >>} G. tathna- “number, count, reckon” (GL/69), the later the basis for {udathriol >>} G. udathnarol as in G. Nínin-Udathriol “[Battle of] Unnumbered Tears”, the earliest name for S. Nirnaeth Arnoediad of the same meaning. In Tolkien’s later writings, counting and number words were based on the root √NOT (Ety/NOT; PE17/62).
Changes
TASA→ TAÞA ✧ QL/090Derivatives
Variations
- TASA ✧ QL/090 (
TASA)
noto Reconstructed
root. count
Derivatives
Early Quenya
talma
noun. weight, measure
Derivations
- ᴱ√TALA “support” ✧ QL/088
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√TALA > talma [talmā] > [talma] ✧ QL/088 Variations
- talma ✧ PME/088; QL/088
#lesta (2) noun "measure", only attested in the instrumental case: lestanen"in measure" (FS). The name Lestanórë (q.v.) may contain a distinct noun #lesta "fence" or "girdle".