kyar

root. cause, do

This root appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “cause, do” as an etymological variant of ᴹ√KAR “make, build, construct”; its derivatives include ᴹQ. tyar- “cause” and ᴹQ. tyaro “doer, actor, agent” (Ety/KAR, KYAR). Tolkien’s continued use of Q. tyar- “cause” in his later writings (PE22/154; VT43/18) indicates its ongoing validity.

Derivations

• ᴹ√KAR “make, build, construct” ✧ Ety/KAR; Ety/KAR; Ety/KYAR

Derivatives

• Q. tyar- “to cause”
• ᴹQ. tyar- “to cause” ✧ Ety/KYAR
• ᴺQ. tyarda “result, *effect”
• ᴹQ. tyaro “doer, actor, agent” ✧ Ety/KAR
• ᴺQ. tyarwë “reason”

kaha

root. cause

A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “cause” with derivatives like ᴱQ. ka- “cause”, ᴱQ. káma “guilt, responsibility”, and ᴱQ. kasta “cause, motive, ultimate reason” (QL/43). There are similar derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon, such as G. caith “cause, reason, motive” < ᴱ✶kahta (GL/24). Some of these words have no good replacements in Tolkien’s later writing, so I think it is worthwhile to postulate a Neo-Eldarin root ᴺ√KAH to salvage some of these early words.

Derivatives

• ᴱ✶kahta
  • G. caith “cause, reason, motive” ✧ GL/24
• Eq. kasta “cause, motive, ultimate reason” ✧ QL/043
• Eq. káma “guilt, responsibility” ✧ QL/043
• Eq. ka- “cause” ✧ QL/043
• Eq. ká “deed, act, fact” ✧ QL/043

ka-

prefix. cause

Derivations

• ᴱ√KAHA “cause” ✧ QL/043

Element in

• Eq. kamanta- “to make eat, give to eat” ✧ QL/043
• Eq. kasóro- “to make sit, set” ✧ QL/043

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴱ√KAHA > ka-	[ka-]	✧ QL/043