Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

fire

noun. mortal man

A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “mortal man” derived from the root ᴹ√PHIR (Ety/PHIR).

Cognates

  • N. feir “mortal man, mortal” ✧ Ety/PHIR

Derivations

  • ᴹ√PHIR “die of natural causes” ✧ Ety/PHIR

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√PHIR > fire[pʰire] > [ɸire] > [fire]✧ Ety/PHIR

faire

noun. radiance

Cognates

  • On. phaire “radiance” ✧ Ety/PHAY

Derivations

  • ᴹ√PHAY “radiate, send out rays of light” ✧ Ety/PHAY

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√PHAY > faire[pʰajre] > [pʰaire] > [ɸaire] > [faire]✧ Ety/PHAY

Variations

  • faire ✧ Ety/PHAY

úr

noun. fire, heat

The word ᴹQ. úr “fire” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√UR “be hot”, but this word was deleted when Tolkien revised the meaning of the root to “wide, large, great” (Ety/UR). However, the root √UR “heat” reappeared in later writings (PE22/160), and úr “fire” appeared in The Feanorian Alphabet of the 1930s as the name of tengwa #36 [.] (PE22/23). It reappeared again in the version of that document from the 1940s, but with the gloss “fire, heat” (PE22/51). In the 1st edition of The Lord of the Rings, the name of tengwa #36 was úr “heat” (RC/736), revised in the 2nd edition to Q. úrë “heat” (LotR/1123).

Conceptual Development: The earliest precursor of ᴹQ. úr “fire” was ᴱQ. uru “fire” from the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√URU (QL/98).

Neo-Quenya: Based on the development of the names for tengwa #36, it seems 1930s úr “fire” >> 1940s úr “fire, heat” >> 1950s úr “heat” >> 1960s úre “heat”. However, the introduction of Q. úrë “heat” might mean that úr could once again be used for “fire”, and this has long been a popular word in Neo-Quenya. I would retain úr for that purpose, as it also allows us to salvage several fire-related related adjectives. It is possible, though, that the root √UR was restricted to “heat” and can no longer be used for “fire”.

Cognates

  • N. ûr “fire” ✧ Ety/UR

Derivations

  • ᴹ√UR “be hot” ✧ Ety/UR

Element in

  • ᴺQ. urulanya “wick, (lit.) fire-thread”
  • ᴺQ. úruva “fiery, [ᴱQ.] like fire”
  • ᴺQ. ussar “sulphur, (lit.) fire-stone”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√UR > úr[ūr]✧ Ety/UR

Variations

  • ūr ✧ PE22/023; PE22/051
Qenya [Ety/UR; PE22/023; PE22/051] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kulo

noun. flame

A word for “flame” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√KUL “golden-red”, but this word was deleted (EtyAC/KUL).

Cognates

  • N. cûl “flame” ✧ EtyAC/KUL

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KUL “golden-red” ✧ EtyAC/KUL

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KUL > kulo[kulo]✧ EtyAC/KUL

nár(e)

noun. flame

Cognates

  • N. naur “flame” ✧ Ety/NAR¹

Derivations

  • ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire” ✧ Ety/NAR¹

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√NAR¹ > nár[nār]✧ Ety/NAR¹

Variations

  • nár ✧ Ety/NAR¹
  • náre ✧ Ety/NAR¹

anar

noun. Sun

Cognates

  • Ad. ûri “sun” ✧ SD/306
  • N. Anor “Sun” ✧ Ety/ANÁR; Ety/NAR¹; LR/041; LRI/Anar; SD/306; SDI2/Anar
  • S. Anor “Sun” ✧ SDI2/Anar

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶Anār “Sun” ✧ Ety/ANÁR; SD/306
    • ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire” ✧ Ety/ANÁR
  • ᴹ√NAR “flame, fire” ✧ Ety/NAR¹

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶anār- > Anar[anār] > [anar]✧ Ety/ANÁR
ᴹ√NAR¹ > Anar[anār] > [anar]✧ Ety/NAR¹
ᴹ✶Anār > Anar[anār] > [anar]✧ SD/306

Variations

  • anar ✧ PE22/019; PE22/023
Qenya [Ety/ANÁR; Ety/NAR¹; EtyAC/ANÁR; LR/041; LR/072; LR/240; LRI/Anar; PE22/019; PE22/023; SD/306; SDI2/Anar] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kala

noun. light

Cognates

  • N. glaw “radiance” ✧ Ety/KAL

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶k’lā “light” ✧ Ety/KAL
    • ᴹ√KAL “shine” ✧ Ety/KAL; PE18/038

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶k’lā́ > kala[kala]✧ Ety/KAL

kalina

adjective. light

Cognates

  • N. calen “green, (orig.) bright-coloured” ✧ Ety/KAL

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KAL “shine” ✧ Ety/KAL

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KAL > kalina[kalina]✧ Ety/KAL