faica ("k") adj. "contemptible, mean" (SPAY)
Quenya
fai
adverb. *before of time
faila
fair-minded, just, generous
faila
adjective. fair-minded, just, generous
faica
contemptible, mean
faina-
emit light
faina- vb. "emit light" (PHAY)
fainu-
release
fainu- vb. "release" (LT1:250). Rather lerya- or sen- in Tolkien's later Quenya.
fairië
freedom
fairië noun "freedom" (LT1:250; since this is an abstract formation based on fairë "free", a meaning only ascribed to this word in early "Qenya" whereas fairë has a string of other meanings in Tolkien's later Quenya, the conceptual validity of fairië "freedom" may be questioned).
fairë
phantom, disembodied spirit, when seen as a pale shape
fairë(1) noun "phantom, disembodied spirit, when seen as a pale shape" (pl. fairi in Markirya); compare ausa. The noun fairë was also used = "spirit (in general)", as a kind of being (MR:349, PE17:124). In VT43:37 and VT44:17, fairë refers to the Holy Spirit (fairë aista or Aina Fairë)
fairë
natural death
fairë (2) noun "natural death" (as act) (PHIR)
fairë
radiance
fairë (3) noun "radiance" (PHAY)
fairë
free
fairë (4) adj. "free" (LT1:250) (rather léra, lerina or mirima in LotR-style Quenya)
fairondi
collective name. Incarnates
fairë
noun. spirit (disembodied), phantom; †radiance
fai; afea
adverb. before (of time)
failassë
noun. justice, fair-mindedness
@@@ Discord 2022-04-01
failanta
adjective. justified
failata-
verb. to justify
failatië
noun. justification
vanya
proper name. Fair Elves, the Fair
An Elf of the first tribe, known as “The Fair” (S/53). Their name developed from the primitive root √(G)WAN “pale, fair” referring to their fair hair (WJ/383).
Conceptual Development: Tolkien also considered deriving this name from primitive ✶banya “beautiful” (PM/402) from the root √BAN (PE17/165). In Quenya, these two roots were blended, so both origins could have been true in a sense.
-ima
fair
-ima adjectival suffix. Sometimes it is used to derive simple adjectives, like vanima "fair" or calima "bright"; it can also take on the meaning "-able" (PE17:68), as in mátima "edible" (mat- "eat"), nótima "countable" (not- "count") and (with a negative prefix) úquétima "unspeakable" (from quet- "speak"). Note that the stem-vowel is normally lengthened in the derivatives where -ima means "-able", though this fails to occur in cenima "visible" (q.v., but contrast hraicénima, q.v.) and also before a consonant cluster as in úfantima "not concealable" (PE17:176). "X-ima" may mean "apt to X" (when the ending is added to an intransitive verbal stem), as in Fírimar "mortals", literally "those apt to die" (WJ:387). The adj. úfantima "not concealable" (PE17:176) also appears as úfantuma (PE17:180), indicating the existence of a variant ending -uma (possibly used to derive adjectives with a "bad" meaning; compare the ending *-unqua next to -inqua, q.v.)
Vorondil
faithful friend
Vorondil masc.name, *"Faithful friend" (Appendix A)
alima
fair, good
alima adj. "fair, good" (also alya) (PE17:146)
alya
fair, good
alya (1) adj. "fair, good" (PE17:146), "prosperous, rich, abundant, blessed" (GALA). In a deleted entry in Etym, the glosses provided were "rich, blessed"; another deleted entry defined alya as "rich, prosperous, blessed". (GALA, [ÁLAM], VT42:32, 45:5, 14)
astar
faith, loyalty (not belief)
astar noun "faith, loyalty (not belief)" (PE17:183). Not to be confused with the pl. form of asta #1.
linda
fair, beautiful
linda adj. "fair, beautiful" (of sound) (SLIN, LIND; VT45:27), "soft, gentle, light" (PE16:96), "beautiful, sweet, melodious of sound" (PE17:150); for Linda as a noun, see Lindar.
loica
failing, short, inadequate etc.
loica ("k") adj. "failing, short, inadequate etc." (PE17:151)
vanya
fair
vanya (1) adj. "fair" (FS), "beautiful" (BAN), a word referring to beauty that is "due to lack of fault, or blemish" (PE17:150), hence Arda Vanya as an alternative to Arda Alahasta for "Arda Unmarred" (ibid., compare MR:254). Nominal pl. Vanyar "the Fair", the first clan of the Eldar; the original meaning of this stem was "pale, light-coloured, not brown or dark" (WJ:382, 383, stem given as WAN), "properly = white complexion and blonde hair" (PE17:154, stem given as GWAN); stems BAN vs. WAN discussed, see PE17:150.
vanë
fair
vanë adj. "fair" (LT1:272; in Tolkien's later Quenya rather vanya)
astar
noun. faith, loyalty
loica
adjective. failing, short, inadequate
vanya
adjective. fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden), fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden); [ᴱQ.] good (not evil), holy
vanë
adjective. fair, fair, [ᴱQ.] lovely
voronda
adjective. faithful, steadfast (in allegiance, in keeping oath or promise)
wenya
adjective. fair, beautiful
alima
adjective. fair, good
alya
adjective. fair, good, [ᴹQ.] rich, prosperous, abundant, blessed; [Q.] fair, good
vana
adjective. fair-haired (yellow to golden)
vórima
adjective. faithful, faithful, *(lit.) able to endure; [ᴹQ.] continuous, enduring, repeated; [ᴱQ.] everlasting
resta
noun. sown field, tilled ground, acre; *fair
A noun for “sown field, tilled ground” in the Outline of Phonology (OP2) derived from primitive ✶reddā (PE19/91). Later in the same document it was glossed “acre” (PE19/101). The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. resta “‘sown’, sown field, acre” also from primitive ᴹ✶reddā under the root ᴹ√RED “scatter, sow” (Ety/RED; EtyAC/RED). The form resta did not appear in The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road (LR/383), but Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne noted its existence in their Addenda and Corrigenda to the Etymologies (VT46/11).
Tolkien seems to have used this word to mean “✱fair” as in parma-resta “✱book-fair” in the untranslated phrase nai elen siluva parma-restalyanna meldonya from around 1964 (VT49/38). Carl Hostetter proposed that this phrase meant “✱may a star shine upon your book-fair, my friend”, referring to the appearing of Martin Blackman at the World Book Fair in June of 1964 (VT49/39). Assuming this interpretation is correct, Hostetter suggested it might be due the use of fields as a common location for fairs.
Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s had ᴱQ. arwa “field” derived from the early root ᴱ√ƷARA “spread, extend sideways” (QL/32), cognate to G. garw “sown-field” (GL/38). The word ᴱQ. milnar or milnarwa “sown field” under the early root ᴱ√MILI seems to be an elaboration of ᴱQ. arwa, prefixed by a reduced form of ᴱQ. milin “grain of seed” (QL/61).
vaina
adjective. blonde, fair of hair
A word for “blonde, fair of hair” appearing in notes probably from around 1959, part of a paradigm in which the Elvish tribe names were based on their predominant hair color; it was derived from a root √GWAY “pale, fair” distinct from √BAN “beautiful” (PE17/154-155). Although the note where this word appeared was deleted, a similar derivation of Vanyar appeared in the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 from the root √WAN “fair” in reference to hair and complexion (WJ/383). [ᴺQ.] vaina “fair haired” could likewise be derived from that root.
vanima
adjective. beautiful, fair, beautiful, fair, *handsome; [ᴱQ.] proper, right, as it should be, fair
A word for “beautiful, fair” derived from the root √BAN of similar meaning (PE17/55, 143, 150, 165). Tolkien specified that this word was used “only of living things, especially Elves or Men” (PE17/150). Tolkien further stated that this would did not mean only “fair (blond)”, because it was applicable to Arwen who had dark hair (PE17/165). Thus it applied to any physically beautiful living creature.
Conceptual Development: The first appearance of this word was the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, where ᴱQ. {vana >>} vanĭma was glossed “proper, right, as it should be, fair” under the early root ᴱ√VANA (QL/99). In The Etymologies of the 1930s it was ᴹQ. vanima “fair” under the root ᴹ√BAN (Ety/BAN). In this document it was the basis for ᴹQ. Vanimo “the Beautiful”, indicating that by the 1930s its base meaning had shifted from “proper” to “beautiful”.
Neo-Sindarin: In the “Neologism of the Day” (NotD) series on the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server as posted 2023-05-30, Delle pointed out that this word was not specifically feminine, so could also mean “✱handsome” when applied to males.
loita-
miss, fail, fall short of
loita- vb. "miss, fail, fall short of" (transitive). (PE17:151)
melima
loveable, fair
melima adj. "loveable, fair" (MEL, VT45:34); Melimar a name of the Lindar (in Tolkien's former conception = the later Vanyar, not the Teleri) (MEL)
néca
pale, vague, faint, dim to see
néca ("k") adj "pale, vague, faint, dim to see", pl. nécë ("k") in Markirya
quel-
to fail
#quel- ("q")vb. "to fail" (wane, wither, fade; compare the nouns quelië "waning", quellë "fading"), only attested in the future tense (queluva in FS).
vanima
beautiful, fair
vanima adj. "beautiful, fair" (BAN, VT39:14) (glossed "proper, right, fair" in early "Qenya", LT1:272, though a later source says the word is used "only of living things, especially Elves and Men", PE17:150); nominal pl. vanimar "beautiful ones", partitive pl. genitive vanimálion, translated "of beautiful children", but literally meaning *"of [some] beautiful ones") (LotR3:VI ch. 6, translated in Letters:308). Arwen vanimalda "Beautiful Arwen", literally "Arwen your beauty" (see -lda for reference; changed to Arwen vanimelda in the second edition of LotR; see vanimelda).
voronda
steadfast in allegiance, in keeping oath or promise, faithful
voronda adj. "steadfast in allegiance, in keeping oath or promise, faithful", used as a title of Elendil Voronda "Elendil the Faithful"; genitive Vorondo in CO. Only glossed "faithful" in LT1:250.
voronwë
steadfastness, loyalty, faithfulness
voronwë noun "steadfastness, loyalty, faithfulness" (CO), also as masc. name Voronwë "the Faithful" (PM:340, BORÓN, LT1:250)
voronwë
masculine name. Steadfast, Faithful
An Elf of Gondolin who guided Tuor to that secret realm (S/239). This name was also the sobriquet of Mardil, the first ruling steward of Gondor, where it was translated “The Steadfast” (LotR/1039). This name could simply be the noun voronwë “steadfastness” used as a name (PE17/189), but it is likelier that its final element is the suffix -wë common in ancient names (PM/340), in which case its initial element is probably some form of the root ᴹ√BOR(ON) “endure” (Ety/BORÓN).
Conceptual Development: The name ᴱQ. Voronwe dates back to the earliest Lost Tales, where it was translated “Faithful” (LT2/156) and derived from the root ᴱ√VORO (QL/102). The name ᴹQ. Voronwe appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s as a combination of the roots ᴹ√BOR(ON) “endure” and ᴹ√WEG (Ety/BORÓN). In the unfinished “Notion Club Papers” story from the 1940s, it was used as the name of a companion of Elendil, where it was translated “Steadfast, Faithful” (SD/290).
vórima
steadfast in allegiance, in keeping oath or promise, faithful
vórima (more or less identical to vorima above?) adj. "steadfast in allegiance, in keeping oath or promise, faithful"; genitive vórimo in a variant of CO; see UT:317. In VT45:7, vórima is glossed "continuous, enduring, repeated".
waina
blonde, fair of hair
waina adj. "blonde, fair of hair"; the "late" form vaina is given (PE17:154)
estel
noun. hope, trust, *faith
loita-
verb. to miss, fail, fall short of (transitive)
néca
adjective. pale, vague, faint, dim to see
voronwë
noun. steadfastness, loyalty, faith(fulness)
londë
noun. (land-locked) haven, (land-locked) haven; [ᴹQ.] road (in sea), fairway, entrance to harbour; gulf
melima
adjective. loving, very affectionate, [ᴹQ.] loveable, fair; [Q.] loving, very affectionate
vanima
noun. beautiful one, fair one
calleva
adjective. fair (weather or complexion)
callë
noun. fair weather, clear sky, blue sky
lortalë
noun. swoon, faint, dizziness
lorta-
verb. to faint, swoon, become dazed
A neologism coined by Paul Strack in 2018 specifically for Eldamo to replace the “go dazed, swoon” senses of the Early Qenya verb ᴱQ. fanta- (QL/37).
vaina
adjective. blonde, fair of hair
voron(do)
noun. trusty man, faithful vassal
-ië
openness
-ië (2) abstract ending, often used to derive abstracts from adjectives, e.g. látië "openness" vs. láta "open", mornië "darkness" vs. morna "black, dark", vanië (for *vanyië) "beauty" vs. vanya "fair".
Lindar
singers
Lindar noun "Singers" (sg. Linda), what the Teleri called themselves (WJ:380, MR:349, UT:253, 286). It seems that Lindar is also interpreted "the Beautiful" (cf. the common adj. linda "fair, beautiful"), but this interpretation apparently belongs primarily to Tolkien's earlier conception, when Lindar was the name of the First Clan, the name of which he revised to Vanyar (similarly meaning "the Fair"). Adj. Lindarin = Telerin (but Tolkien of course held it to be = Vanyarin when the First Clan, the later Vanyar, were still called Lindar before he decided to apply this name to the third clan, the Teleri) (TĀ/TA3)
Vanimo
the beautiful
Vanimo (pl. Vanimor given), noun "the beautiful", children of the Valar (BAN), or "fair folk" = (men and) elves (UGU/UMU, VT45:17). Negated úvanimor = "monsters".
ausa
dim shape, spectral or vague apparition
ausa (þ) noun "a dim shape, spectral or vague apparition" (VT42:10, cf. 9). Compare fairë.
fëa
spirit
fëa noun "spirit" (pl. fëar attested, MR:363). The Incarnates are said to live by necessary union of hroa (body) and fëa (WJ:405). In Airëfëa noun "the Holy Spirit", Fëanáro masc. name "Spirit of Fire" (Quenya-Sindarin hybrid form: Fëanor), Fëanturi noun "Masters of Spirits", name of the two Valar Mandos and Lórien (SA:tur), fëafelmë noun "spirit-impulse" (impulses originating with the spirit, e.g. love, pity, anger, hate) (VT41:19 cf. 13, VT43:37). In one source it is said to mean specifically a "spirit indwelling a body", i.e. "soul" (PE17:124), which contradicts such uses as Airefëa or Fëanturi. Cf. fairë.
londë
land-locked haven
londë noun "land-locked haven" (cf. #lóndië "harbourage"), "gulf" (TI:423). In Alqualondë "Swan-haven" (SA), "Haven of Swan" (VT45:28), Hirilondë ship-name "Haven-finder" (UT:192). In the Etymologies, londë is glossed "road (in sea), entrance to harbour" (LOD) and also "fairway" (VT45:28), i.e. a navigable channel for ships. In VT42:10, where the stem is given as LON rather than LOD, the gloss is simply "haven".
lómë
dusk, twilight
lómë noun "dusk, twilight", also "night"; according to SD:415, the stem is lómi- (contrast the "Qenya" genitive lómen rather than **lómin in VT45:28). According to PE17:152, lómë refers to night "when viewed favourably, as a rule, but it became the general rule" (cf. SD:414-415 regarding lōmi as an Adûnaic loan-word based on lómë, meaning "fair night, a night of stars" with "no connotations of gloom or fear"). In the battle-cry auta i lómë "the night is passing" (Silm. ch. 20), the "night" would however seem to refer metaphorically to the reign of Morgoth. As for the gloss, cf. Lómion masc. name "Child of Twilight [dusk]", the Quenya name Aredhel secretly gave to Maeglin _(SA). Otherwise lómë is usually defined as "night" (Letters:308, LR:41, SD:302 cf.414-15, SA:dú)_; the _Etymologies defines lómë as "Night [as phenomenon], night-time, shades of night, Dark" (DO3/DŌ, LUM, DOMO, VT45:28), or "night-light" (VT45:28, reading of _lómë uncertain). In early "Qenya" the gloss was "dusk, gloom, darkness" (LT1:255). Cf. lómelindëpl. lómelindi "nightingale" _(SA:dú, LR:41; SD:302, MR:172, DO3/DŌ, LIN2, TIN). _Derived adjective #lómëa "gloomy" in Lómëanor "Gloomyland"; see Taurelilómëa-tumbalemorna...
mirröanwi
collective name. Incarnates
A term for those (Men and Elves) with naturally embodied spirits, appearing in the essay Athrabeth Finrod ah Andreth written around 1959 (MR/315, VT39/23). It contains the word mi “in” and hröa “body”, but the meaning of the final element of the word is obscure. It might be a nominalized variant -nwë of the perfective participle suffix -nwa (hat tip to Röandil for this suggestion). Several rejected forms of this name (Mirruyainar, Mirroyainar) also appeared (MR/326).
Conceptual Development: In earlier writings, the words Fairondi and Mírondina is used for the same concept (PE17/124; NM/238).
químari
phantoms
químari ("q")noun in pl. "phantoms" (MC:213; in LotR-style Quenya rather fairi, sg. fairë)
resta
sown field, acre
resta noun "sown field, acre" (VT46:11 cf. RED-). The word parma-restalyanna, probably meaning *"(up)on your book-fair", seems to use #resta in the sense of "fair" (as held in a field?) Carl F. Hostetter however suggests that #resta "fair" may be related to ré "day" (VT49:39-40); if so this word is wholly distinct from resta "sown field".
vaina
late
vaina (2) adj., the "late" pronunciation of waina "blonde, fair of hair" (PE17:154)
wenya
green, yellow-green, fresh
wenya adj. "green, yellow-green, fresh" (GWEN), apparently "fair, beautiful" ("probably originally "fresh, fair, unblemished especially of beauty of youth") in a later deleted note (PE17:191).
vanië
noun. beauty
calaina
adjective. serene
ferya
adjective. quick, ready, prompt
@@@ Discord 2022-02-13
Amarië
good
Amarië fem. name; perhaps derived from mára "good" with prefixing of the stem-vowel and the feminine ending -ië (Silm)
Formen
north
Formen noun "north" (SA:men), also name of tengwa #10 (Appendix E, PHOR, MEN; replacing the rejected form Tormen). In Formenos, place-name "Northern Fortress" (SA:formen). Allative formenna, VT49:26.
Fírimo
mortal
#Fírimo noun "mortal", see fírima
Maia
the beautiful
Maia pl. Maiar noun "the Beautiful" (MR:49), the lesser (= non-Vala) Ainur that entered Eä. Variant Máya in VT42:13/VT47:18, pl. Máyar in PM:363, 364 and VT47:18 (possibly, Máya is to be understood as the older form of Maia). With negative prefix ú- also Úmaiar, Maiar who became evil and followed Melkor, such as Balrogs (MR:79, "Umaiar", MR:165).
Quende#
noun. Elf
Elf
Telellë
little elf
Telellë noun "little elf" (also Teler); the Telelli are said to be "young Elves of all clans who dwelt in Kôr to perfect their arts of singing and poetry" (LT1:267; see Teler)
Tormen
north
[Tormen] noun "north" (MEN; replaced by Formen, q.v.)
ala-
good
ala- (3), also al-, a prefix expressing "good" or "well" (PE17:146), as in alaquenta (q.v.) Whether Tolkien imagined this ending to coexist with the negative prefix of the same form (#2 above) is unclear and perhaps dubious.
alcar
noun. radiance
radiance, splendour
alta
radiance
alta (2) noun "radiance" (VT42:32, PE17:50). Cf. variant ñalta.
alta
noun. radiance
aranya
free
aranya, also ranya, adj. "free". Another gloss was not certainly legible, but the editors suggest "uncontrolling" (VT46:10)
calwa
beautiful
calwa ("k") adj. "beautiful" (LT1:254)
ciris
cleft, crack
ciris _("k")_noun "cleft, crack" (LT2:337 - obsoleted by cirissë?)
coloitie
noun. endurance, staunchness, fortitude
céva
fresh, new
céva ("k")adj. "fresh, new" (VT48:7, 8)
ezel
green
ezel, ezella adj. "green" (in Vanyarin Quenya only). Adopted and adapted from Valarin. (WJ:399)
ezel(la)
adjective. green
falqua
cleft, mountain pass, ravine
falqua ("q") noun "cleft, mountain pass, ravine" (LT2:341)
fanta-
to veil, cloak, mantle
fanta- vb. "to veil, cloak, mantle" (VT43:22), mainly used of veils cast over things that shone, or that were brighter and more vivid (PE17:174); according to Tolkien usually the strong past tense fánë and perfect afánië were used, but later also fantanë in the past tense (and then perhaps *afantië in the perfect?) (PE17:179-180) Cf halya- (q.v.), the stem of which Tolkien contrasted with the stem of this verb (PE17:184).
firya
proper name. Mortal
firë
mortal man
firë noun "mortal man" (PHIR), pl. firi given (the latter is not clearly glossed and may also be the archaic form from which firë is derived, since word-final short i became e in Quenya but since we would rather expect the spelling phiri if it were an archaic form, it is best taken as the pl. of firë.)
formen
noun. north, north, [ᴹQ.] right-hand [direction]
forya
right
forya adj. "right" (PHOR), "dexter" (VT46:10)
fána
white
fána, fánë (1) adj. "white" (Markirya - fánë as a sg. form in may be a misreading). Compare fanya.
fána
adjective. white, white; [ᴹQ.] cloud
@@@ as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, the form fánë “white” in the Markirya poem may be a slip or misreading
fána
cloud
fána (2) noun "cloud" _(SPAN, VT46:15). _Cf. fana.
fánë
adjective. white
fírima
mortal
fírima adj. "mortal" (PHIR; firima with a short i in VT46:4); also used as noun: Fírima pl. Fírimar "those apt to die", "mortals", an Elvish name of Mortal Men (WJ:387). This adj. is also the source of an explicit noun, personalized #Fírimo = mortal, mortal man. Pl. Fírimor (VT49:10-11), dative pl. fírimoin "for men" in Fíriel's Song; cf. also the pl. allative fírimonnar in VT44:35.
histë
dusk
histë noun "dusk" (LT1:255)
hróva
dark, dark brown
hróva adj. "dark, dark brown", used to refer to hair (PE17:154)
hyatsë
cleft, gash
hyatsë noun "cleft, gash" (SYAD), apparently changed by Tolkien from hyassë (VT46:16)
hísë
dusk
hísë (2) noun "dusk" (LT1:255). A "Qenya" form possibly obsoleted by #1 above.
hó
spirit, shadow
hó noun "spirit, shadow" (PE17:86)
isca
pale
isca ("k") adj."pale" (LT1:256)
laica
green
laica (1) adj. "green" (in older sources laiqua) (Letters:282, PE17:159). Laicolassë (laica + #olassë) "green-foliage" (PE17:46), Quenya cognate of Sindarin Laegolas (dialectal form Legolas); compare olassië. Adj. laicalassë "green as leaves", literally "green-leaf" (PE17:56).
laica
adjective. green
laiqua
green
laiqua ("q")adj. "green" (LÁYAK, LT1:267, MC:214), "Qenya" pl. laiquali ("q")(MC:216). Occurs in the phrase laiqua'ondoisen ("q") "green-rocks-upon" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"), Laiqualassë ("q") masc. name "Legolas" (Greenleaf) (LT1:267). Used as noun in the phrase mi laiqua of somebody clad "in green" (PE17:71). In later material, the word for "green" appears as laica, and the cognate of Legolas is said to be Laicolassë, q.v. (PE17:56)
laiqua
adjective. green
lanta
fall
lanta (1) noun "a fall" (DAT/DANT (TALÁT) ), also lantë.
lanta-
fall
lanta- (2) "fall" (DAT/DANT (TALÁT), Narqelion, VT45:26, VT49:54); lantar aorist tense pl. (Nam, RGEO:66); pl. pa.t. lantaner "fell" (pl.) (SD:246); lantier "they fell", a plural past tense of lanta- "fall" occurring in LR:47; read probably lantaner in LotR-style Quenya, as in SD:246. Also sg. lantië "fell" (LR:56); read likewise *lantanë? (The forms in -ier, -ië seem to be properly perfects.) Future tense lantuva, VT49:47. Participle lantala "falling" (with locative ending: lantalassë) in Markirya.
lanta-
verb. to fall, to fall; [ᴱQ.] to drop
lantar
fall
-r plural ending used on verbs with a plural subject (VT49:48, 50, 51), e.g. lantar "fall" in Namárië (with the plural subject lassi "leaves"), or unduláver as the pl. form of undulávë "licked down, covered" (PE17:72). The ending is sometimes missing where we might expect it; for instance, the verb tarnë "stood" has multiple subjects and yet does not appear as *tarner in PE17:71.
lantë
fall
#lantë (1) noun "fall" in Noldolantë, q.v. Also lanta.
lantë
noun. fall
The word lasselanta “leaf-fall, autumn” (LotR/1107) indicate the form this word should be lanta, which is how it appears in The Etymologies. However, the alternate lassewinta (PM/376) seems to be formed with the infinitive of the verb winta- rather than a noun, so perhaps lasselanta is a similar formation from the verb lanta- “to fall”.
The form lantë, appearing in Noldolantë “Fall of the Noldor” (S/87), more strongly resembles other Quenya nouns, which more often end in -e rather than -a. The noun atalantë “collapse, downfall” is a similar formation from the related verb [ᴹQ.] atalta-, though it could also be the past formation “downfallen” of this TALAT-stem verb.
lehta
free, released
lehta (2) adj. "free, released" (VT39:17); #lehta tengwë "free element, released element", a term for "vowel" (only pl. lehta tengwi [ñ] is attested; we would rather expect *lehtë tengwi with the pl. form of the adjective) (VT39:17)
lerina
free
lerina adj. "free" of things: not guarded, reserved, made fast, or "owned" (VT41:5)
lerya-
release, set free, let go
lerya- vb. "release, set free, let go"; negated avalerya- "bind, make fast, restrain, deprive of liberty" (VT41:5, 6)
limbë
quick, swift
limbë (1) adj. (stem limbi-, given primitive form ¤lĭmbĭ) "quick, swift" (PE17:18)
luina
pale
[luina] adj. "pale" (VT45:30)
lumbo
cloud
lumbo noun "cloud" (pl. lumbor in Markirya), also glossed "gloom; dark, shade" (PE17:72, 168). In early "Qenya", lumbo was glossed "dark lowering cloud" (LT1:259)
látie
noun. openness
látië
openness
látië noun "openness" (VT39:23)
léra
free
léra adj. noun "free", of persons (VT41:5)
lóna
dark
?lóna (4) adj. "dark" (DO3/DŌ). If this is to be the cognate of "Noldorin"/Sindarin dûr, as the context seems to indicate, lóna is likely a misreading for *lóra in Tolkien's manuscript.
lúna
dark
lúna adj. *"dark" in Lúnaturco and Taras Lúna, Quenya names of Barad-dûr (Dark Tower). (PE17:22). In the Etymologies, lúnë "blue" was changed by Tolkien from lúna (VT45:29).
lúrëa
dark, overcast
lúrëa adj. "dark, overcast" (LT1:259)
mairëa
beautiful
mairëa adj. "beautiful" (of things made by art) (PE17:163). An alternative (and peculiar) form "mairia" is also implied in the source.
marya
pale, fallow, fawn
marya adj. "pale, fallow, fawn" (MAD)
melima
adjective. loving, very affectionate
melwa
lovely
melwa adj. "lovely" (LT1:262); compare melda in Tolkiens later Quenya.
mirima
free
mirima adj. "free" (MIS). ("Free" is rather expressed as léra in Tolkiens later Quenya; mirima would be prone to confusion with mírima above.)
mirroanwi
incarnates, those (spirits) 'put into flesh'
mirroanwi "incarnates, those (spirits) 'put into flesh' "; sg. *mirroanwë (MR:350, VT48:34)
mori-
dark, black
mori- "dark, black" in a number of compounds (independent form morë, q.v.):Morimando "Dark Mando" = Mandos (MBAD, VT45:33), morimaitë "black-handed" (LotR3:VI ch. 6, VT49:42). Moriquendi "Dark Elves" (SA:mor, WJ:361, 373), Moringotto "Black Foe", Sindarin Morgoth, later name of Melkor. The oldest form is said to have been Moriñgotho (MR:194). In late material, Tolkien is seen to consider both Moringotto and Moricotto _("k") _as the Quenya form of the name Morgoth (VT49:24-25; Moricotto also appears in the ablative, Moricottollo). Morion "the dark one", a title of Morgoth (FS). Morifinwë "dark Finwë", masc. name; he was called Caranthir in Sindarin (short Quenya name Moryo). (PM:353) In the name Morinehtar, translated "Darkness-slayer", the initial element is defined would thus seem to signify "darkness" rather than "dark" as an adjective (see mórë). (PM:384, 385)
morna
dark, black
morna adj. "dark, black" (Letters:282, LT1:261; also used of black hair, PE17:154), or "gloomy, sombre" (MOR). Used as noun in the phrase mi…morna of someone clad "in…black" (PE17:71). In tumbalemorna (Letters:282), q.v. Pl. mornë in Markirya**(the first version of this poem had "green rocks", MC:215, changed to ondolisse mornë** "upon dark rocks" in the final version; see MC:220, note 8).
morĭ
adjective. dark
PQ. dark
mára
adjective. good
méla
loving, affectionate
méla adj. "loving, affectionate" (VT39:10), apparently compounded in mélamar, q.v. (in that word rather meaning "dear").
mírya
beautiful
mírya adj. "beautiful" (of work of art only) (PE17:165)
móri
dark
móri adj. "dark" (MC:221; this is "Qenya"; in Tolkien's later Quenya mórë, morë)
naicea
adjective. cruel
nalta
radiance, glittering reflection
nalta ("ñ")noun "radiance, glittering reflection" (from jewels, glass or polished metals, or water) (PM:347)
ninquiraitë
pallor
ninquiraitë ("kw")noun ?"pallor" (PE17:55). The word is cited as the cognate of Sindarin niphred "pallor, fear". The spelling in the source is "ninkwiraite", but the word cannot be intended as Old Sindarin (since kw had already become p in that language).
ninquë
white, chill, cold, palid
ninquë adj. "white, chill, cold, palid" (WJ:417, SA:nim, PE17:168, NIK-W - spelt "ninqe" in Etym and in LT1:266, MC:213, MC:220, GL:60), pl. ninqui in Markirya. Compounded in Ninquelótë noun "White-Flower" (SA:nim), = Sindarin Nimloth, the White Tree of Númenor; ninqueruvissë ("q") "white-horse-on" _(MC:216; this is "Qenya", read _ninqueroccossë or *ninquiroccossë in LotR-style Quenya). Normally ninquë would be expected to have the stem-form ninqui-, given the primitive form ¤ninkwi; Ninquelótë rather than *Ninquilótë must be seen as an analogical form.
nulla
dark, dusky, obscure
nulla adj. "dark, dusky, obscure" (NDUL), "secret" (DUL). See also VT45:11.
nwalca
cruel
nwalca ("k")adj. "cruel" (ÑGWAL; this must represent earlier *ñwalca = *ngwalca; these forms are not given in Etym, but compare nwalmë_ below. In Tengwar writing, the initial NW would be represented by the letter nwalmë.)_
nívë
pale
nívë adj."pale" (MC:213; this is "Qenya" Tolkien's later Quenya has néca)
núla
dark, occult, mysterious
núla ("ñ")adj. "dark, occult, mysterious" (PE17:125)
quendë
elf
quendë noun "Elf", the little-used analogical sg. of Quendi, q.v. (KWEN(ED), WJ:361)
resta
noun. sown field
sown field, tilled ground, acre
ráva
free, unfettered, uncontrolled, lawless
ráva (1) adj. "free, unfettered, uncontrolled, lawless" (PE17:78), "wild, untamed"_ (RAB). _In PE17:78, the gloss "wild" is given to the variant hráva instead.
sanca
cleft, split
sanca (þ) ("k") noun? (or adj, or both?) "cleft, split" (STAK)
sanda
firm, true, abiding
sanda (þ) (1) adj. "firm, true, abiding" (STAN)
sarta
steadfast, trusty, loyal
sarta adj. "steadfast, trusty, loyal" (PE17:183)
sorna
steadfast
sorna (þ) adj. "steadfast" (PE17:113)
sorna
adjective. steadfast
súlë
spirit, breath
súlë (þ) noun "spirit, breath", also name of tengwa #9; originally thúlë (þúlë), before the shift th > s that occurred shortly before the rebellion of the Noldor (Appendix E, THŪ). Its gloss, "blowing forth", was metaphorically used as "the emission of power (of will or desire) from a spirit" (PE17:124). If the element súlë appears in Súlimë and Súlimo (q.v.), the stem-form may seem to be súli-.
tanca
firm, fixed, sure
tanca ("k")adj. "firm, fixed, sure" (TAK)
tulca
firm, strong, immovable, steadfast
tulca (1) ("k") adj. "firm, strong, immovable, steadfast" (TULUK)
ulca
adjective. dark
dark, gloomy, sinister
ungo
cloud, dark shadow
ungo noun "cloud, dark shadow" (UÑG)
urra
adjective. bad
usque
noun. dusk
dusk
usque
noun. dusk, twilight
vanessë
beauty
vanessë noun "beauty" (LT1:272, PE17:56). Also vanië.
vanessë
noun. beauty
vanima
adjective. beautiful
vanië
beauty
vanië noun "beauty" (PE17:56), apparently formed from vanya #1. Synonym vanessë.
vasar
noun. veil
vasarya-
to veil
vasarya- (þ) vb. "to veil" (VT42:10)
vilissë
spirit
vilissë noun "spirit" (GL:23)
virya
fresh
virya (1) adj. "fresh" (VT46:22)
voronwië
endurance, lasting quality
voronwië noun "endurance, lasting quality" (BOR)
írima
lovely, beautiful, desirable
írima adj. "lovely, beautiful, desirable" (ID, FS, PE17:155), in FS also pl. írimar; in the "Qenya" of Fíriel's Song, adjectives in -a form their plurals in -ar instead of -ë as in LotR-style Quenya.
ú-
prefix. bad, uneasy, hard
úcalima
adjective. dim, murky
þúlë
noun. spirit
amatírë
noun. hope
leryalë
noun. release
léramo
noun. freeman
lérië
noun. freedom
miru
noun. wine
nancarindo
noun. destroyer
nancáro
noun. destroyer
ninquelë
noun. pallor
faila adj. "fair-minded, just, generous" (PM:352)