A verb for “to live” appearing only in the imperative form cuio in the phrase cuio i Pheriain anann “long live the Halflings” or “may the Halflings live long” (LotR/953; Let/448; PE17/102). It already had this form when it appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (SD/46).
Sindarin
cuina-
verb. to be alive
Derivations
- √KOY “*live, have life, [ᴹ√] live, have life”
Element in
- S. Dor Firn-i-Guinar “Land of the Dead that Live” ✧ S/188
- S. Dor Gyrth i Chuinar “Land of the Dead that Live” ✧ Let/417
cuia-
verb. to live
Derivations
- √KOY “*live, have life, [ᴹ√] live, have life”
Element in
- S. cuio i Pheriain anann “may the Halflings live long” ✧ Let/448; LotR/0953; PE17/102
cuina
be alive
(i guina, i chuinar)
cuin
alive
cuin (lenited guin; no distinct pl. form).
cuin
alive
(lenited guin; no distinct pl. form).
A verb for “to be alive” appearing as a soft-mutated plural in the phrase Dor Firn-i-Guinar (S/188) and as a nasal-mutated plural in Dor Gyrth i Chuinar (nasal-mutation) (Let/417), both meaning “Land of the Dead that Live”. Its Noldorin infinitive form cuino “to be alive” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√KUY “come to life, awake” (Ety/KUY).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. cuitha- “am alive, live” (GL/27).