Noldorin
car-
verb. to do, make
Derivations
- ᴹ√KAR “make, build, construct”
Element in
caran
adjective. red
caran
adjective. red
Changes
caran→ caran “red, blush, red (?part) of face” ✧ Ety/KARÁNCognates
- ᴹQ. karne “red” ✧ Ety/KARÁN; EtyAC/KARÁN
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶karani > caran [karani] > [karane] > [karan] ✧ Ety/KARÁN ᴹ✶karani > cern [karani] > [karni] > [kerni] > [kern] ✧ EtyAC/KARÁN Variations
- cern ✧ EtyAC/KARÁN (
cern)- Caron ✧ RS/419
- caron ✧ RS/419
caron
adjective. red
an-
prefix. with, by
naru
adjective. red
naru
adjective. red, [fiery] red
Derivations
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ✶narwā > narw > naru [narwā] > [narwa] > [narw] > [naru] ✧ Ety/NAR¹
narw
adjective. red
na
preposition. with, by (also used as a genitive sign)
na
preposition. to, towards, at
coll
adjective. (golden) red
dôl
noun. head
goer
adjective. red, copper-coloured, ruddy
sûth
noun. draught
sûth
noun. draught
Cognates
- ᴹQ. suhto “draught, draught, *a single act of drinking” ✧ Ety/SUK
Derivations
- ᴹ√SUK “drink, drain” ✧ Ety/SUK
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√SUK > sûth [suktu] > [sukto] > [suktʰo] > [suxθo] > [sūθo] > [sūθ] ✧ Ety/SUK
dôl
noun. hill or mountain
A noun appearing as N. sûth “draught” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√SUK “drink”, likely from primitive ✱suktō given its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. suhto (Ety/SUK). It is thus likely that the combination ukt vocalized to ūth, as it did for similar words in The Etymologies such as N. lhûtha- “enchant” vs. ᴹQ. luhta- under the root ᴹ√LUK (Ety/LUK).
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s instead had G. suith “a drink, a draught” (GL/68) from the early root ᴱ√SOKO (QL/85), representing a different vocalization: okt vocalizing to oith (HPG/§2.6) and then oi becoming ui (PE15/13). It seems the phonetic developments in The Etymologies of that late 1930s were different, but in notes on The Feanorian Alphabet from this same period, Tolkien said [ui] was the result of vocalized u + χ (PE22/40), and indeed that seems to be the phonetic developments in later Sindarin as well, given words like S. nuitha- from primitive ✶nuktā- (WJ/413).
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I’d use ᴺS. suith for “draught, a drink”, a form I saw first suggested by David Salo in his book Gateway to Sindarin (GS/321).