anta-
give
miqu-
to kiss
miqu- vb. "to kiss", the pa.t. minquë ("q") is cited, not to be confused with the cardinal minquë "eleven" (QL:61). Also miquë ("q")noun "a kiss". Old plural form miquilis ("q") "kisses" (MC:215; this is "Qenya")
miquë
noun. kiss
Cognates
- ᴺS. mib “(little) kiss, peck”
Derivations
- √MIKW “kiss”
Element in
aned
give
anno
verb. give!
anna
give
anna- (i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)
anna
give
(i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)
mib-
verb. kiss
mikw Reconstructed
root. kiss
Derivatives
anna-
verb. to give
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
miqilis
noun. kiss
Derivations
- ᴱ√MIQI “kiss”
yan
root. give
A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “give” with derivatives ON. yanta- “give” and ᴹQ. Ariante “Day-bringer” (EtyAC/YAN²). Tolkien marked this entry with a “?”, and elsewhere in The Etymologies he derived ᴹQ. anta-/N. anna- “give” from ᴹ√ANA (Ety/ANA¹), so I suspect this root was a transient idea.
Derivatives
Element in
- ᴹQ. Aryante “Day-bringer” ✧ EtyAC/YAN²
cailthi
noun. kiss
Element in
- G. ôni cailthi a·mabwid glen irtha “he pressed a kiss upon her slender hands” ✧ GG/11
- G. ôni cailthi mabir gleni nan·hirilion “he kissed the slender hands of the ladies” ✧ GG/11
miqi
root. kiss
The root ᴱ√MIQI “kiss” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. miq- “to kiss” and ᴱQ. miqele “kissing” (QL/61). Derivatives also appeared in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. mib “a little kiss, a peck” and G. mictha- “kiss, bill” (GL/57). The word ᴱQ. miqilitse “little or tender kiss” appeared in the ᴱQ. Nieninqe poem from the 1920s (MC/215; PE16/90, 92). Tolkien created a new version of this poem in 1955 and reused many of the same words, including Q. mikwi- “kiss” and Q. miquelis “(soft, sweet) kiss” (PE16/96); the latter also appeared as ᴹQ. miqilis “kiss” in the Declension of Nouns from the early 1930s (PE21/33). These later examples support the ongoing validity of this root, perhaps as ✱√MIKW.
Derivatives
miqe
noun. kiss
Cognates
- G. mib “little kiss, peck”
Derivations
- ᴱ√MIQI “kiss” ✧ QL/061
Element in
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ√MIQI > miqe [mikʷē] > [mikʷe] ✧ QL/061
anta- (1) vb. "give" (ANA1, MC:215, 221), pa.t. antanë (antanen "I gave", VT49:14) or †ánë, perfect ánië (PE17:147, cf. QL:31). According to VT49:14, Tolkien noted that anta- was sometimes often with an "ironic tone" to refer to missiles, so that antanen hatal sena "I gave him a spear (as a present)" was often used with the real sense of "I cast a spear at him". Usually the recipient of the thing given is mentioned in the dative or allative case (like sena in this example), but there is also a construction similar to English "present someone with something" in which the recipient is the object and the gift appears in the instrumental case: antanenyes parmanen, "I presented him with a book" (PE17:91). The verb occurs several times in FS: antalto"they gave"; strangely, no past tense marker seems to be present (see -lto for the ending); antar a pl. verb translated "they gave", though in LotR-style Quenya it would rather be the present tense "give" (pl.); antaróta "he gave it" (anta-ró-ta "gave-he-it"), another verb occurring in Fíriel's Song, once again with no past tense marker. Also antáva "will give", future tense of anta- "give"; read perhaps *antuva in LotR-style Quenya; similarly antaváro* "he will give" (LR:63) might later have appeared as antuvas (with the ending -s rather than "Qenya" -ro for "he"). Antalë imperative "give thou" (VT43:17), sc. anta "give" + the element le "thou", but this was a form Tolkien abandoned. Apparently ana** was at one point considered as another imperative "give", but Tolkien rewrote the text in question (VT44:13), and the normal patterns would suggest *á anta with an independent imperative particle.