iant

noun. bridge

A Sindarin word for “bridge” appearing in a number of names such as Iant Iaur “Old Bridge” (SA/iant; WJ/333), Esgaliant “Bridge of Esgalduin” (WJ/333), and Varanduiniant “Bridge of Baranduin” (SD/129).

Conceptual Development: In The Etymologies of the 1930s, N. iant was glossed “yoke” and N. ianw was “bridge”, both derived from the root ᴹ√YAT “join” (Ety/YAT). Another possible precursor is G. rantha “arch, bridge” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/65), which is reduced to -rant in compounds (GL/31, 50) and is probably derived from the early root ᴱ√RAÞA that was the basis for ᴱQ. ranta “arch, bridge” (QL/79).

iant

noun. bridge

esgaliant

place name. Bridge of Esgalduin

A variant name of Iant Iaur, the bridge over the river Esgalduin (WJ/333). This name is a combination of esgal “shadow, screen” and iant “bridge”.

Esgaliant

noun. bridge over veiled river

esgal (“veil, screen, cover”) + iant (“bridge”)

baranduiniant

w7D2{#hJ5`B1[D noun. Bridge of Baranduin

A compound of Baranduin and iant as seen in the King's letter.

ianu

bridge

1) *ianu, analogical pl. ieny.; coll. pl. likely ianwath, given the archaic form ianw (which is the form listed in the Etymologies), 2) iant (yoke), pl. iaint, coll. pl. iannath. SKY-BRIDGE, see RAINBOW

iant

bridge

(yoke), pl. iaint, coll. pl. iannath.

ianu

bridge

analogical pl. ieny.; coll. pl. likely ianwath, given the archaic form ianw (which is the form listed in the Etymologies)

cû

noun. arch, crescent

cû

noun. bow

cû

arch

cû (i gû, o chû) (bow, crescent), pl. cui (i chui)

cû

arch

(i gû, o chû) (bow, crescent), pl. cui (i chui)

yanta

noun. bridge

The Quenya word for “bridge” from The Lord of the Rings appendices, also the name of tengwa #35 [l] used in i-diphthongs (LotR/1123). ᴹQ. yanta “bridge” also appeared as the name of this tengwa in notes The Feanorian Alphabet from the 1930s and 40s (PE22/22, 51).

Conceptual Development: Earlier words for “bridge” include ᴱQ. penda “bridge” under the early root ᴱ√PENE (QL/73) and ᴱQ. ranta “arch, bridge” under the early root ᴱ√RAÞA (QL/79). See the entry for √YAN “join” for a discussion of the possible later development of yanta’s root.

yaltë

bridge

yaltë noun "bridge" (GL:37); rather yanta in Tolkien's later Quenya

yanta

bridge

yanta noun "bridge", also name of tengwa #35 (Appendix E); in the Etymologies, yanta is defined as "yoke" (YAT)

yanwë

bridge, joining, isthmus

yanwë noun "bridge, joining, isthmus" (YAT, "joining", VT49:45, 46), changed by Tolkien from yanwa (VT46:22, VT49:34)

yanwë

noun. joining, joining, [ᴹQ.] isthmus, bridge

This noun appeared as ᴹQ. {yanwa >>} yanwe “bridge, joining, isthmus” in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√YAT “join” (Ety/YAT; EtyAC/YAT). Its primitive form was given as ᴹ✶yatmā, and Tolkien neglected to revise it to ✱yatmē when the final vowel of the Quenya form was updated. This etymology of the noun reflected the sound change of tm > dm > nw which Tolkien used in the 1930s-50s.

In notes from the late 1960s, Tolkien had Q. yanwë “joining” derived from {✱yadme >>} √YAN (VT49/45). This change in derivation likely reflected Tolkien’s decision in the 1960s that tm > tw, as suggested by Carl Hostetter (VT49/46).

Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use this noun only for “joining, isthmus”. For “bridge” I would use Q. yanta from The Lord of the Rings (LotR/1123). I prefer to retain Tolkien’s pre-1960s phonetic developments for tm, so I would assume the root was √YAT and this noun was derived from ✱yatmē > yadwe > yanwe.

langa

noun. thing that crosses, ferry, ford, crossway, bridge, cross-bar

cú

arch, crescent

cú ("k")noun "arch, crescent" (KU3); "crescent Moon" (LT1:271; the long vowel was denoted by a circumflex rather than an accent in the early "Qenya" lexicon). In Sindarin, the same word can be used for a "bow" as used to shoot arrows (but possibly this is only quinga in Quenya).

ianw

noun. bridge

iant

noun. bridge

cû

noun. arch, crescent

cû

noun. bow