1) balch (lenited malch; pl. belch), 2) baug (tyrannous, oppressive) (lenited maug), pl. boeg
Quenya
naicea
adjective. cruel
nwalca
cruel
Sindarin
balch
cruel
balch
cruel
(lenited malch; pl. belch)
baug
cruel
(tyrannous, oppressive) (lenited maug), pl. boeg
Noldorin
balch
adjective. cruel
balch
adjective. cruel
Cognates
- ᴹQ. nwalka “cruel” ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL
Derivations
- ᴹ√(Ñ)GWAL “(suffer) torment, agony” ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√ÑGWAL > balch [ŋgwalka] > [mbalka] > [mbalkʰa] > [mbalxa] > [balxa] > [balx] ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Qenya
naikea
adjective. cruel
Element in
- ᴹQ. á kela naikea “don’t be cruel” ✧ PE22/126
Elements
Word Gloss naike “sharp pain”
nwalka
adjective. cruel
Cognates
- N. balch “cruel” ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL
Derivations
- ᴹ√(Ñ)GWAL “(suffer) torment, agony” ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴹ√ÑGWAL > nwalka [ŋgwalka] > [ŋwalka] > [nwalka] ✧ Ety/ÑGWAL
Gnomish
faig
adjective. cruel
Changes
fwaig→ faig ✧ GL/33Cognates
- Eq. maika “cruel” ✧ GL/33
Derivations
- ᴱ✶smaika- ✧ GL/33
Element in
- G. faigri “cruelty” ✧ GL/33
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ✶smaika- > faig [smaika] > [smaik] > [smaig] > [faig] ✧ GL/33 Variations
- fwaig ✧ GL/33 (
fwaig)
Early Noldorin
olerdh
adjective. pitiless, cruel, (lit.) without bowels
Cognates
- Eq. ulird(e)a “pitiless, cruel, (lit.) without bowels” ✧ PE13/144; PE13/161
Derivations
- ᴱ✶ur’-irda ✧ PE13/144
Element in
- En. elirdhi “cruelty” ✧ PE13/164
Variations
- orerdh ✧ PE13/144
Early Quenya
olirdea
adjective. pitiless, cruel, (lit.) without bowels
ulird(e)a
adjective. pitiless, cruel, (lit.) without bowels
@@@ possibly based on unattested hir(d) “innards, bowels, guts”, cognate of ᴱN. girdh, as suggested by Damien Bador in private correspondance
Cognates
- En. olerdh “pitiless, cruel, (lit.) without bowels” ✧ PE13/144; PE13/161
Derivations
- ᴱ✶ur’-irda ✧ PE13/144
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ✶ur’-irda > ulird(e)a [urɣirdā] > [urɣirda] > [urirda] > [ulirda] ✧ PE13/144 Variations
- olirdea ✧ PE13/161
maika
adjective. cruel
Cognates
- G. faig “cruel” ✧ GL/33
Derivations
- ᴱ✶smaika- ✧ GL/33
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources ᴱ✶smaika- > maika [smaikā] > [smaika] > [maika] ✧ GL/33
nwalca ("k")adj. "cruel" (ÑGWAL; this must represent earlier *ñwalca = *ngwalca; these forms are not given in Etym, but compare nwalmë_ below. In Tengwar writing, the initial NW would be represented by the letter nwalmë.)_