Serve (Quenya)

Tom Bombadil #527

Does one of you know a word for serve? I always used iltur-, but (unfortunately) il- is more than just the opposite-prefix and tur- is more than just govern, so this compound is not univocal enough in my opinion. It's just a temporary solution.

PS. I have an idea. Would Núrota- work? Servant-causative?

PPS. I confess that I never really understood how a causative works. Would Núro-ta- mean "to do what a servant does (i.e. to serve)" or "to make someone a servant/make someone serving (i.e. to subdue)"? My causative-mnemonic was that adding a causative suffix is like transforming the word into an adjective and putting a "make" in front of it. Like Nor- (run) and Norta- (make running). By the way: Is that mnemonic right?

Tamas Ferencz #528

Indeed causative verbs carry the meaning of making someone or someone do something, or making someone/something to turn into something, think of Quenya tul- "come" / tulta- "make come"; vinya "new" / envinyata- "make new again". However, in this case, I don't think you need a causative; the verb "serve (someone or something)" does not carry a causative meaning, at least to my senses.

Your suggestion to turn the noun núro into a verb is not entirely unfounded: we have the verb telconta- "stride" (< Telcontar), which is transparently a verbal derivative of telco "leg" so means sg like "use leg to move". So using that as an analogy one could form a verb *núronta- "serve" (I could even bring up a corresponding example from an IRL langauge).

But the root behind núro, N(D)UR (eldamo.org) already means "serve, obey" in itself, so I find it more likely that the verb would be formed directly from the root. As nur- and nurta- are both already "taken" with other meanings, I'd suggest *nurya- with the formative suffix -ya.

Sami Paldanius #529

Regarding "to serve", the word-adaptation which one finds the quickest, here or at Eldamo [Original appearance: elvish.org], is probably used by many neo-Q. writers — even though /beujâ-/ in The Etymologies is actually the stem behind the Old Noldorin/Sindarin words, and some W-diphthong roots like KEW instead have a -ta- derivative as the TRANSITIVE verb on the Quenya (Valinorean) side of the language family.

Tom's question also includes an important point: Do we know how to derive Quenya verbs which mean (or which include the sense) "to behave like X"?