Primitive elvish

umu

root. not, expressing privation, not, expressing privation; [ᴹ√] negative stems

The roots √UMU and variant √UGU were often assigned a negative sense, either as elaborations on the base root negative √Ū or sometimes (especially in the case of √UGU) serving as its source. The earliest iteration of these more elaborate negative roots was ᴱ√UMU or ᴱ√UVU in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like the negative verb ᴱQ. um- or ᴱQ. uv- as well as ᴱQ. ūvanimo “monster” (QL/98); ᴱQ. munta “nothing” from the Qenya Grammar of the 1920s was probably related (PE14/48, 81).

The Etymologies of the 1930s had negative stems ᴹ√UMU and ᴹ√UGU with derivatives like the negative verb ᴹQ. um- as well as ᴹQ. úmea “evil” (Ety/UGU; UMU). This document also had inverted forms ᴹ√MŪ and ᴹ√GŪ, the latter the basis for the negative prefix ᴹQ. ú- with a bad or evil connotation (Ety/GŪ; MŪ). Finally both √UMU and √UGU were mentioned a number of times in later writings in connection to negation (PE17/143, 172; VT49/29). See the entry on negative √Ū and the entry on Quenya negation for further information.

Derivations

  • √Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element, denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not”

Derivatives

  • ᴺQ. munta “nothing, *zero”
  • Q. ui- “to not be, to not do” ✧ VT49/29
  • Q. um(ba)- “[unglossed]” ✧ PE17/172
  • ᴺS. ont “no, none”
  • ᴺS. unt “nothing”

Variations

  • UGU ✧ PE17/143 (UGU); PE17/188 (UGU)
  • ugu ✧ VT42/32 (ugu)
  • ū̆gu/gū ✧ VT49/29
Primitive elvish [PE17/143; PE17/172; PE17/188; VT42/32; VT49/29] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ugu

root. expressing privation

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Middle Primitive Elvish

umu

root. negative stems

Derivations

  • ᴹ√GŪ “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ

Derivatives

  • ᴹ✶gū̆- “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU
    • ᴹQ. ú- “not, un-, in-” ✧ Ety/GŪ; Ety/UGU
    • N. ú- “un, bad-” ✧ Ety/UGU
  • ᴹQ. um- “to not be, to not do” ✧ Ety/LA; Ety/UGU
  • ᴹQ. úmea “evil” ✧ EtyAC/UGU
  • ᴺS. ummas “evil”

Variations

  • UGU ✧ Ety/LA; Ety/UGU; EtyAC/GŪ
  • um ✧ Ety/UGU; EtyAC/UGU (N. um)
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/LA; Ety/UGU; EtyAC/GŪ; EtyAC/UGU] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ugu

root. negative stems

Middle Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Noldorin

û

adverb. *negative

au

adverb. *negative

Changes

  • û → au ✧ PE13/128

Element in

  • En. au sóg madol “he did not drink (while) eating” ✧ PE13/128; PE13/128 (madol û sog*)

Variations

  • û ✧ PE13/128 (û)
Early Noldorin [PE13/128] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Primitive Elvish

umu

root. *negative

Derivatives

  • Eq. múna “?without”
  • Eq. munta “nothing”
  • Eq. ú- “un-” ✧ QL/098
  • Eq. um- “to be not, do not” ✧ QL/098

Variations

  • UVU ✧ QL/098
Early Primitive Elvish [QL/098] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ulu

root. *negative

Derivatives

  • Eq. ul- “negative prefix; mis-” ✧ QL/097
  • Eq. ulka “evil; bad, wicked, wrong” ✧ QL/097
  • G. aul “ill, badly”
  • G. ulc “bad, evil, wicked”
  • G. ul- “miss-, wrongly, ill, badly” ✧ GL/50

Variations

  • ul- ✧ GL/50
Early Primitive Elvish [GL/50; QL/097] Group: Eldamo. Published by

uvu

root. *negative

Early Primitive Elvish Group: Eldamo. Published by