tengwa

letter

tengwa (pl. tengwar is attested) (1) noun "letter" Tengwa (ñ) is defined as "any one visible sign representing (theoretically) any one audible teñgwe" (phoneme) (VT39:17). In non-technical usage tengwa was equivalent to "consonant", since only the consonants were full signs (WJ:396, TEK). In the Etymologies, tengwa was apparently emended from tengwë (VT46:17).

tecil

pen

tecil ("k")noun "pen" (TEK, PM:318, VT47:8)

tecil

noun. pen

Cognates

• S. tegil “pen” ✧ PM/318; VT47/08

Derivatives

• S. tegil “pen” ✧ VT47/08

Variations

• tekil ✧ PM/318; VT47/08

sarat

letter

sarat (pl. sarati given) noun "letter", any individual significant mark, used of the letters of Rúmil after the invention of Fëanor's tengwar (WJ:396). Cf. sarmë.

sarmë

writing

sarmë noun "writing" (VT39:8). Cf. sarat.

sarmë

noun. writing

Derivations

• √SAR “score, incise; write, score, incise; [extended sense] write; [ᴹ√] *stone”

Variations

• sarme ✧ VT39/08

tew

letter

(dew), pl1. tiw _ n. _letter. tew << têw; tiw << tîw. >> téw

tegil

noun. pen

Sindarized form of Quenya tekil, not known to the Sindar until the coming of the Ñoldor (but see however tegol for a possible dialectal variant)

tegil

noun. pen

Cognates

• Q. tecil “pen” ✧ PM/318; VT47/08

Derivations

• Q. tecil “pen” ✧ VT47/08

Element in

• S. Findegil “King’s Writer”
• S. Tegilbor “*Pen-fist” ✧ PM/318; VT47/08

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
Q. tekil > tegil	[tekil] > [tegil]	✧ VT47/08

têw

noun. letter, written sign

têw

noun. letter

Changes

• têw → tew ✧ PE17/044
• tîw → tiw ✧ PE17/044
• tēw → tew ✧ PE17/044

Cognates

• Q. tengwa “(written) letter; sign, token, indicator, (written) letter; sign, token, indicator; [ᴹQ.] writing, grammar” ✧ LotR/1117; PE17/043; PE17/044; PE17/044; PE17/044; PE17/122; PE17/122; WJ/396

Derivations

• ✶tekmā “letter” ✧ PE17/043; PE17/043; PE17/044; PE17/044; PE17/044
  • √TEK “make a written mark, sign, write, make a written mark, sign, write, [ᴹ√] write or draw (signs or letters)” ✧ PE17/043; PE17/044
• ✶teñwā “letter, sign, token” ✧ PE17/044; PE17/044; PE22/149
  • √TEÑ “indicate, signify, show, represent, betoken, mark, to point at, indicate, signify, show, represent, betoken, mark, to point at; [ᴱ√] know, understand” ✧ PE17/044; PE17/044; PE17/044; PE19/097; PE22/149

Element in

• S. Celebrimbor o Eregion teithant i thiw hin “Celebrimbor of Hollin drew these signs” ✧ LotR/0305; PE17/044

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
✶tekmā > tegmā > teŋw > tēw	[tekmā] > [tegmā] > [tegma] > [teŋma] > [teŋwa] > [tēwa] > [tēw]	✧ PE17/043
✶tekmāi > tekmī > tiŋw > tīw	[tekmāi] > [tekmī] > [tegmī] > [tegmi] > [teŋmi] > [tiŋmi] > [tiŋwi] > [tīwi] > [tīw]	✧ PE17/043
✶tek-mā > tew	[tekmā] > [tegmā] > [tegma] > [teŋma] > [teŋwa] > [tēwa] > [tēw]	✧ PE17/044
✶teñwa > teiw > tew	[teŋwa] > [tēwa] > [tēw]	✧ PE17/044
✶tekma > teŋ̃ma > tēw	[tekmā] > [tegmā] > [tegma] > [teŋma] > [teŋwa] > [tēwa] > [tēw]	✧ PE17/044
✶teñmi > tiñm(i) > tîw	[tekmī] > [tegmī] > [tegmi] > [teŋmi] > [tiŋmi] > [tiŋwi] > [tīwi] > [tīw]	✧ PE17/044
✶teñwa > tēwa > tēw	[teŋwa] > [tēwa] > [tēw]	✧ PE17/044
✶teŋmā > teŋwā > tēwa > tîw	[teŋmā] > [teŋma] > [teŋwa] > [tēwa] > [tīwa] > [tīw]	✧ PE22/149

Variations

• tēw ✧ PE17/043; PE17/044; PE17/044 (tēw); PE17/044; PE17/044; PE17/122
• tew ✧ PE17/044; PE17/044
• tîw ✧ PE17/044 (tîw); PE22/149

teithan

1hF35# noun. writing, scripture, written thing, letter, epistle

A theoretical noun from CE *tektanā (cf. -nā).

tegil

pen

tegil (i degil, o thegil), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thegil) (PM:318). Also (at least in ”Noldorin”) tegol (i degol, o thegol), analogical pl. tegyl (i thegyl)

tegil

pen

(i degil, o thegil), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thegil) (PM:318). Also (at least in ”Noldorin”) tegol (i degol, o thegol), analogical pl. tegyl (i thegyl)

têw

letter

têw (i dêw, o thêw, construct tew) (sign, tengwa), pl. tîw (i **thîw), coll. pl. téwath**

têw

letter

(i dêw, o thêw, construct tew) (sign, tengwa), pl. tîw (i thîw), coll. pl. téwath

tekma

noun. pen

Variations

• mā ✧ PE17/044

tekmā

noun. letter

Changes

• tek-mā → teñwa ✧ PE17/044

Derivations

• √TEK “make a written mark, sign, write, make a written mark, sign, write, [ᴹ√] write or draw (signs or letters)” ✧ PE17/043; PE17/044

Derivatives

• Q. tengwa “(written) letter; sign, token, indicator, (written) letter; sign, token, indicator; [ᴹQ.] writing, grammar” ✧ PE17/043; PE17/044; PE18/104
• S. têw “letter” ✧ PE17/043; PE17/043; PE17/044; PE17/044; PE17/044

Variations

• tek-mā ✧ PE17/044 (tek-mā)
• tekma ✧ PE17/044; PE18/104

tekmē

noun. writing, grammar

Derivations

• √TEK “make a written mark, sign, write, make a written mark, sign, write, [ᴹ√] write or draw (signs or letters)” ✧ PE19/086

Derivatives

• Q. tengwë “sign, token, indication; writing, sign, token, indication; writing; [ᴱQ.] knowledge, understanding; idea, notion, thought” ✧ PE19/086

tew

noun. letter

@@@ tîw (Ety/TEK) appears to be plural, but is clearly glossed as singular “letter” with primitive form tekmē

Cognates

• ᴹQ. tengwa “letter; writing, grammar” ✧ Ety/TEK; PE22/031
• On. tegma “letter” ✧ PE22/031

Derivations

• ᴹ✶tekmē “letter, symbol, writing” ✧ Ety/TEK
  • ᴹ√TEK “write or draw (signs or letters), make a mark” ✧ Ety/TEK
• On. tegma “letter” ✧ PE22/031
  • ᴹ✶tekmā “writing, grammar”
  • ᴹ√TEK “write or draw (signs or letters), make a mark” ✧ Ety/TEK; PE19/043

Element in

• N. Celebrimbor o Eregion teithant i thíw thin “Celebrimbor of Hollin drew these signs” ✧ TI/182
• N. tiwdi “alphabet”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶tekmē > tîw	[tekmē] > [tegmē] > [tegme] > [teŋme] > [teime] > [tīme] > [tīm] > [tīv] > [tīw]	✧ Ety/TEK
On. tegma > teiw > tew	[tegma] > [teŋma] > [teima] > [teim] > [teiv] > [teiw] > [tew]	✧ PE22/031

Variations

• tîw ✧ Ety/TEK

tegl

noun. pen

It is stated in PM/318 that " tegil was a Sindarized form of Quenya tekil "pen", not known to the Sindar until the coming of the Ñoldor". It must be assumed therefore that tegol was either rejected by Tolkien, or that it may perhaps have been considered as a dialectal variant. For a similar case where both a true Sindarin/Noldorin word and a Sindarized form conceivably coexist, see magol and megil "sword" (it is unlikely that weapons were not known to the Sindar before the coming of the Ñoldor)

tegol

noun. pen

It is stated in PM/318 that " tegil was a Sindarized form of Quenya tekil "pen", not known to the Sindar until the coming of the Ñoldor". It must be assumed therefore that tegol was either rejected by Tolkien, or that it may perhaps have been considered as a dialectal variant. For a similar case where both a true Sindarin/Noldorin word and a Sindarized form conceivably coexist, see magol and megil "sword" (it is unlikely that weapons were not known to the Sindar before the coming of the Ñoldor)

tegol

noun. pen

Cognates

• ᴹQ. tekil “pen” ✧ Ety/TEK

Derivations

• ᴹ✶tekla “pen” ✧ Ety/TEK
  • ᴹ√TEK “write or draw (signs or letters), make a mark” ✧ Ety/TEK

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶tekla > tegl > tegol	[tekla] > [tekl] > [tegl] > [tegol]	✧ Ety/TEK

tîw

noun. letter