Quenya 

túr

king

túr, tur noun "king" (PE16:138, LT1:260); rather aran in LotR-style Quenya, but cf. the verb tur-. Also compare the final element -tur, -ntur "lord" in names like Axantur, Falastur, Fëanturi, Vëantur (q.v.)

túrë

mastery, victory

túrë noun "mastery, victory" (TUR), "strength, might" (QL:95), "power" (QL:96)

túrin

noun. lord

Derivations

  • TUR “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power, dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”

Element in

Variations

  • Túrin ✧ Minor-Doc/1973-05-30
Quenya [Minor-Doc/1973-05-30] Group: Eldamo. Published by

turu-

master, defeat, have victory over

turu- (1) vb. "master, defeat, have victory over" (PE17:113, not clearly said to be Quenya, but the Q name Turucundo "Victory-prince" is listed immediately afterwards). Compare tur-; cf. also *turúna.

Malantur

lord, ruler

Malantur, masc. name. Apparently includes -(n)tur "lord, ruler". The initial element is unlikely to connect with the early "Qenya" element mala- "hurt, pain", and may rather reflect the root MALAT "gold" (PM:366): Malat-ntur > Malantur "Gold-ruler"? (UT:210)

-tar

king

-tar or tar-, element meaning "king" or "queen" in compounds and names (TĀ/TA3), e.g. Valatar; compare the independent nouns tár, tári. Prefix Tar- especially in the names of the Kings and Queens of Númenor (e.g. Tar-Amandil); see their individual names (like Amandil in this case), cf. also Tar-Mairon "King Excellent", title used by Sauron (PE17:183). Also in Tareldar "High-elves"; see also Tarmenel.

tár

king

tár noun "king" (only used of the legitimate kings of whole tribes); the pl. tári "kings" must not be confused with the sg. tári "queen" (TĀ/TA3). Prefix tar-, compare -tar above. The normal Quenya word for "king" is aran, but compare Tarumbar.

taran

king

taran (1) noun "king", possibly ephemeral variant of aran, q.v. (PE17:186)

aran

king

aran noun "king"; pl. arani (WJ:369, VT45:16, PE17:186); gen.pl. aranion "of kings" in asëa aranion, q.v.; aranya "my king" (aran + nya) (UT:193). Aran Meletyalda "king your mighty" = "your majesty" (WJ:369); aran Ondórëo, "a king of Gondor" (VT49:27). Also in arandil "king's friend, royalist", arandur "king's servant, minister" (Letters:386); Arantar masc. name, "King-Lord" (Appendix A); Arandor "Kingsland" region in Númenor (UT:165); the long form Arandórë appears as a name of Arnor in PE17:28 (elsewhere Arnanórë, q.v.) Othercompounds ingaran, Noldóran, Núaran, q.v.

aran

noun. king

Cognates

  • S. aran “king, lord, chief, (lit.) high or noble person, king, lord, chief, (lit.) high or noble person; [N.] lord (of a specific region)” ✧ PE17/147

Derivations

  • RĀ/ARA “noble, high, royal” ✧ PE17/118
  • ARAN “good, excellent, noble” ✧ PE17/147

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ARA > aran[aran]✧ PE17/118
ARAN > aran[aran]✧ PE17/147

Variations

  • Aran ✧ MR/121 (Aran); PE17/147; WJ/369; WJ/369; WJ/369
Quenya [LotR/0864; LotRI/Asëa aranion; MR/121; PE17/049; PE17/100; PE17/118; PE17/147; PE17/186; PE22/158; VT49/27; WJ/369] Group: Eldamo. Published by

condo

noun. lord

heru

lord, master

heru (also hér) noun "lord, master" (PM:210, KHER, LT1:272, VT44:12); Letters:283 gives hér (heru); the form Héru with a long vowel refers to God in the source where it appears (i Héru "the Lord", VT43:29). In names like Herumor "Black Lord" and Herunúmen "Lord of the West" (SA:heru). The form heruion is evidently a gen.pl. of heru "lord": "of the lords" (SD:290); herunúmen "Lord-of-West" (LR:47), title of Manwë. Pl. númeheruvi "Lords-of-West" (*"West-lords") in SD:246, a title of the Valar; does this form suggest that #heruvi is the regular plural of heru?

hér

lord

hér noun "lord" (VT41:9), also heru, q.v.

hér

noun. lord

haran

king, chieftain

haran (#harn-, as in pl. harni) noun "king, chieftain" (3AR, TĀ/TA3, VT45:17; for "king", the word aran is to be preferred in LotR-style Quenya). In a deleted entry in the Etymologies, haran was glossed "chief" (VT45:17)

vardar

king

vardar noun "king" (LT1:273; rather aran in LotR-style Quenya)

Vala

power, god, angelic power

Vala (1) noun "Power, God, angelic power", pl. Valar or Vali (BAL, Appendix E, LT2:348), described as "angelic governors" or "angelic guardians" (Letters:354, 407). The Valar are a group of immensely powerful spirits guarding the world on behalf of its Creator; they are sometimes called Gods (as when Valacirca, q.v., is translated "Sickle of the Gods"), but this is strictly wrong according to Christian terminology: the Valar were created beings. The noun vala is also the name of tengwa #22 (Appendix E). Genitive plural Valion "of the Valar" (FS, MR:18); this form shows the pl. Vali, (irregular) alternative to Valar (the straightforward gen. pl. Valaron is also attested, PE17:175). Pl. allative valannar *"to/on the Valar" (LR:47, 56; SD:246). Feminine form Valië (Silm), in Tolkiens earlier material also Valdë; his early writings also list Valon or Valmo (q.v.) as specifically masc. forms. The gender-specific forms are not obligatory; thus in PE17:22 Varda is called a Vala (not a Valië), likewise Yavanna in PE17:93. Vala is properly or originally a verb "has power" (sc. over the matter of , the universe), also used as a noun "a Power" _(WJ:403). The verb vala- "rule, order", exclusively used with reference to the Valar, is only attested in the sentences á vala Manwë! "may Manwë order it!" and Valar valuvar "the will of the Valar will be done" (WJ:404). However, Tolkien did not originally intend the word Valar to signify "powers"; in his early conception it apparently meant "the happy ones", cf. valto, vald- (LT2:348)_. For various compounds including the word Vala(r), see below.

nacil

noun. victor

Cognates

  • ᴺS. degil “victor, winner”

Derivations

  • NDAK “hew, slay, slay; hew”
Quenya Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

eldatár

`Vm#1~C6 noun. elf-king, elfking, elven-king

Quenya [Compound of elda and tar] Group: Neologism. Published by

herunauco

9V7J5.DaH noun. dwarf-lord, dwarven lord

Quenya [Compound of heru and nauco] Group: Neologism. Published by

Sindarin 

tûr

noun. master, [N.] mastery, victory, [ᴱN.] power [over others]; [S.] master

Derivations

  • TUR “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power, dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”

Element in

  • S. Turamarth “Master of Doom” ✧ SA/amarth
  • S. Turgon “Ruling Lord, Victory Prince, (lit.) Master Shout”
  • S. Túrin

Variations

  • tur ✧ SA/amarth (tur)
Sindarin [SA/amarth] Group: Eldamo. Published by

herdir

noun. master

Sindarin [i-Cherdir SD/129-31] hîr+dîr. Group: SINDICT. Published by

herdir

noun. master

Changes

  • herdirCherdir “master” ✧ AotM/062

Element in

Elements

WordGloss
hîr“lord, master”
dîr“man, man, [N.] adult male; agental suffix”
Sindarin [AotM/062; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ar-

prefix. king

pref. king. >> ara-, Arathorn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:113] < S. _aran_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

ara

noun. king

_ n. _king. 

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:147] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

hîr

noun. master, lord

Sindarin [Ety/364, S/432, SD/129-31, Letters/382, LB/354, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Ara-

prefix. king

pref. king. >> ar-, Arathorn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:113] < S. _aran_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

aran

noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)

Sindarin [Ety/360, S/428, LotR/II:IV, LotR/VI:VII, SD/129-] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gorthad

noun. barrow

Sindarin [LotR/A(iii), PM/194] gorth+-sad "place of the dead". Group: SINDICT. Published by

balan

noun. Vala, divine power, divinity

Sindarin [Ety/350, S/439, Letters/427, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tûr

lord

(i** dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, victor), pl. tuir (i** thuir), coll. pl. túrath.

tûr

master

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

master, mastery

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

power

tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, mastery, control; master, victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath.

tûr

power

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, mastery, control; master, victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath.

tûr

control

(noun) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power; master, victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

control

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power; master, victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

mastery

tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

mastery

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

master, mastery

tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

victor, victory

tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

victor, victory

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

taur

king

(i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.

herdir

master

(noun) 1) herdir (i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or *”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath. 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22)._ Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred. 3) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)_ 4) (also used = ”mastery”) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath

herdir

master

(i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or ✱”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath.

heron

master

(i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred.

hîr

master

(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9) 

orthor

master

(vb.) orthor (i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)

orthor

master

(i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)

tortha

control

(verb) tortha- (i dortha, i thorthar) (wield)

tortha

control

(i dortha, i thorthar) (wield)

aran

king

1) (king of a region) aran (pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural). 2) (king of a people)taur (i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. _T_Ā to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.

aran

king

(pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural).

brannon

lord

(i** vrannon), pl. brennyn (i** mrennyn), coll. pl. brannonnath

heron

lord

(i cheron, o cheron) (master), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath** (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn** ”lady”, other words for ”lord” may be preferred.

hîr

lord

1) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (master), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i chîr), coll. pl. híriath (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9); 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (master), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath (VT45:22)._ _Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord” may be preferred. 3) brannon (i vrannon), pl. brennyn (i mrennyn), coll. pl. brannonnath; 4) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, victor), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath.

hîr

lord

(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (master), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i chîr), coll. pl. híriath (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)

haudh

barrow

(i chaudh, o chaudh) (burial mound, grave, tomb), pl. hoedh (i choedh), coll. pl. hodhath

gorthad

barrow

1) gorthad (i ngorthad = i ñorthad, o n**gorthad = o ñgorthad), pl. gerthaid (in gerthaid = i ñgerthaid). The literal meaning may be ”place of the dead”: gorth ”dead” + sâd, -had ”place”. Archaic pl. ”goerthaid” = görthaid (PM:194), 2) haudh (i chaudh, o chaudh) (burial mound, grave, tomb), pl. hoedh (i choedh), coll. pl. hodhath**

gorthad

barrow

(i ngorthad = i ñorthad, o n’gorthad = o ñgorthad), pl. gerthaid (in gerthaid = i ñgerthaid). The literal meaning may be ”place of the dead”: gorth ”dead” + sâd, -had ”place”. Archaic pl. ”goerthaid” = görthaid (PM:194)

bâl

divine power

construct bal, pl. bail (divinity). Note: the word can also be used as an adj. "divine".

Adûnaic

arûn

masculine name. Lord

An Adûnaic name for Morgoth, perhaps coined by Sauron when he introduced the worship of the dark god to the Númenóreans, translated as “Lord” (SD/376). It is derived from the word ârû “king” and was sometimes used in a compound together with Morgoth’s true Adûnaic name: Arûn-Mulkhêr (SD/367). In other writings (SD/357) it was the original Adûnaic name of Morgoth before he fell to evil, but that hardly makes sense in the conceptual scenario of the later Silmarillion, in which Morgoth had already become evil before men awoke.

Elements

WordGloss
ârû“king”
Adûnaic [SD/357; SD/376; SDI2/Arûn] Group: Eldamo. Published by

kherû

masculine name. Lord

A rejected draft version of the Adûnaic name for Morgoth translated “Lord”, replaced by Arûn of the same meaning (SD/376). It is transparently a derivative of the Elvish root ᴹ√KHER, as suggested by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynn (AAD/18). A later form of this word, ✱khôr “lord”, may appears as an element in the name Adûnakhôr “Lord of the West”.

Changes

  • KherūArûn “Lord” ✧ SD/376
  • KherūArûn ✧ SDI2/Arûn

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHER “rule, govern, possess”

Variations

  • Kherū ✧ SD/376 (Kherū); SDI2/Arûn (Kherū)
Adûnaic [SD/376; SDI2/Arûn] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ârû

noun. king

A noun translated as “king” (SD/429). The Adûnaic word for “queen” is not attested, but could be a feminized form of this word, such as ✱ârî.

Element in

Variations

  • Ārū ✧ SD/429

bâr

noun. lord

A noun translated as “lord” (SD/311, 428). This nouns wins the prize for “most inflected Adûnaic noun”, since we have declensions for this noun in both the draft Adûnaic grammar and the later grammar of Lowdham’s Report. As such, it is very helpful for comparing how the noun declensions changed as Tolkien developed Adûnaic grammar. For example, comparing its draft plurals bāri/bārim to its later plural bârî/bârîm indicate the draft plural was originally formed with a short rather than long i. There are a few lingering examples of this short-i plural in later writings (SD/247, 251).

Conceptual Development: In earlier writings the rejected name Kherû “Lord” (SD/376) indicates a possible earlier form of this noun; Kherû itself was changed to Arûn. A similar form reappears in later writings in the name Adûnakhôr “Lord of the West”: either akhôr or khôr “lord”. Whether or not this later word replaced bâr is unknown.

Element in

Variations

  • Bār ✧ SD/428
  • bār ✧ SD/429; SD/437; SD/438; SD/438
Adûnaic [SD/247; SD/251; SD/311; SD/312; SD/428; SD/429; SD/437; SD/438; SD/439] Group: Eldamo. Published by

khôr Reconstructed

noun. lord

An element meaning “lord” appearing only in the name Adûnakhôr “Lord of the West”, though a similar form appears in the earlier names Kherû “Lord” and Mulkhêr “Lord of Darkness”. It isn’t clear whether this element is ✱akhôr or ✱khôr, but khôr resembles the Primitive Elvish root √KHER “rule, govern, possess”, to which it may be related.

This possible relationship has been suggested by various authors (AL/Adûnaic, EotAL/KHUR). Andreas Moehn rejected the relationship, pointing out that Primitive Elvish ✶khēru “lord” would have developed phonetically into Ad. ✱✱khîru (EotAL). However, khôr may be derived from some more ancient Avari loan word, which underwent different phonetic developments than those of the Eldarin languages, perhaps ✶kher- > khar > khaur > Ad. khôr.

Cognates

  • Q. heru “lord, master”

Derivations

  • KHER “possess, possess, [ᴹ√] rule, govern, [ᴱ√] have power”

Element in

Khuzdûl

durin

masculine name. king

Element in

Khuzdûl [LotR/0305; LotRI/Durin; PE17/040; PM/304; PMI/Durin; RSI/Durin; SDI1/Durin; SI/Durin; TI/182; TII/Durin; UTI/Durin; WJI/Durin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

uzbad

noun. lord

Element in

Variations

  • Uzbad ✧ PE17/047
Khuzdûl [PE17/047] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Primitive elvish

¤kurwē

noun. power, ability

Primitive elvish [PE 22:151] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

árātō

noun. lord

Derivations

  • RĀ/ARA “noble, high, royal” ✧ PE17/118

Derivatives

  • Q. aráto “champion, eminent man, noble, lord, king” ✧ PE17/118
Primitive elvish [PE17/118] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

tûr

noun. mastery, victory

Noldorin [Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tûr

noun. mastery, victory

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. túre “mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tūrē “mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR
    • ᴹ√TUR “power, control, mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tūrē > túr[tūrē] > [tūre] > [tūr]✧ Ety/TUR

Variations

  • túr ✧ Ety/TUR
  • tūr ✧ Ety/TUR
Noldorin [Ety/TUR; EtyAC/TUR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

taur

noun. king (only used of the legitimate kings of whole tribes)

In LotR/IV:IV, Frodo is called Daur, which might be the mutated form of this word

Noldorin [Ety/389, Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

heron

noun. master

Noldorin [VT/45:22] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hîr

noun. master, lord

Noldorin [Ety/364, S/432, SD/129-31, Letters/382, LB/354, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

aran

noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)

Noldorin [Ety/360, S/428, LotR/II:IV, LotR/VI:VII, SD/129-] Group: SINDICT. Published by

brannon

noun. lord

Noldorin [Ety/351] Group: SINDICT. Published by

brannon

noun. lord

Noldorin [Ety/BARÁD] Group: Eldamo. Published by

âr

noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)

Noldorin [Ety/389] Group: SINDICT. Published by

âr

noun. king

orthor-

verb. to master, conquer

Noldorin [Ety/395] Group: SINDICT. Published by

balan

noun. Vala, divine power, divinity

Noldorin [Ety/350, S/439, Letters/427, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Westron

tûrac

noun. king

Changes

  • tūrantūrac- ✧ PM/053

Variations

  • tūrac- ✧ PM/053 (tūrac-)
  • tūran ✧ PM/060 (tūran)
Westron [PM/053; PM/060] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Edain

tûr

noun. barrow

Element in

Variations

  • Tûr ✧ S/147

tuor

masculine name. Tuor

Son of Huor and father of Eärendil (S/148). His name was from the language of Atani but adapted into Sindarin (PM/348, 364 note #49).

Conceptual Development: This character was named G. Tuor when he first appeared in the earliest Lost Tales (LT1/48), and kept this name thereafter, though sometimes it appeared in variant forms such as Tûr (LT2/202) or Turlin (SM/5). Christopher Tolkien suggested the earliest version of this name was probably associated with the root ᴱ√TURU “be strong” (LT1A/Tuor). In The Etymologies from the 1930s, N. Tuor was given the meaning “strength-vigour” and derived from primitive ᴹ✶Tūgore (Ety/TUG, GOR). In notes for the Silmarillion revisions from the 1950s-60s Tolkien decided his name was adapted from his native language, as noted above.

Element in

  • S. man agorech? “*and said Rían to Tuor: what have we done?” ✧ VT50/21
Edain [LotRI/Tuor; MRI/Tuor; PM/348; PMI/Tuor; SI/Tuor; UTI/Tuor; VT50/21; WJI/Tuor] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Qenya 

túre

noun. mastery, victory

Cognates

  • N. tûr “mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tūrē “mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR
    • ᴹ√TUR “power, control, mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tūrē > túre[tūrē] > [tūre]✧ Ety/TUR

tár

noun. king

Cognates

  • N. taur “king (of a whole tribe)” ✧ Ety/TĀ
  • Ilk. tôr “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tār(ō) “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ
    • ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ “high, lofty; noble” ✧ Ety/TĀ; PE21/55

Element in

  • ᴹQ. tar- “high; king or queen (in compounds)” ✧ Ety/TĀ

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tārō > tár[tār]✧ Ety/TĀ

Variations

  • tār ✧ LR/047
Qenya [Ety/TĀ; LR/047] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aran

noun. king

Element in

Variations

  • aran ✧ PE22/106; PE22/124
  • Aran ✧ PE22/125
Qenya [PE22/106; PE22/124; PE22/125] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mandu

noun. lord

Derivations

  • ᴱ√MANA “*good (moral)”

-dacil

2EaTj suffix. victor

Qenya [Allan, Jim, editor. An Introduction to Elvish and to Other Tongues and Proper Names and Writing Systems of the Third Age of the Western Lands of Middle Earth as Set Forth in the Published Writings of the Professor John Ronald Reuel Tolkien. 1978. The Bath Press, 2003; Noel, Ruth S. The Languages of Tolkien's Middle-earth. Houghton Mifflin Company, 1980] According to Noel's book, it is from root word ndak, "battle" (which is also the root word of dagor, "battle", and dagnir, "bane"). According to Allan's book, "Initial form would be lacil or nacil (both hypothetical), depending on whether it derives from a [Proto-Eldarin] form dacil or ndacil.". Published by

Doriathrin

tôr

noun. king

A noun for “king” derived from primitive ᴹ✶tār(ō), also appearing in its plural form tórin (Ety/TĀ, BAL). Tolkien said that it was “only used of the legitimate kings of whole tribes”, though apparently it also survived in compounds like Torthurnion “King of Eagles” (Ety/THOR) and Balthor “Vala-king” (Ety/BAL). It is an example of how [[ilk|[ā] became [ō]]] in Ilkorin, as noted by Helge Fauskanger (AL-Ilkorin/tôr).

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. tár “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶tār(ō) “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ
    • ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ “high, lofty; noble” ✧ Ety/TĀ; PE21/55
  • ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ “high, lofty; noble” ✧ Ety/THIN

Element in

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶tārō > tôr[tārō] > [tāro] > [tōro] > [tōr]✧ Ety/TĀ

Variations

  • Tor ✧ Ety/THIN (Dor. Tor); Ety/THOR
  • tórin ✧ EtyAC/BAL
Doriathrin [Ety/BAL; Ety/TĀ; Ety/THIN; Ety/THOR; EtyAC/BAL] Group: Eldamo. Published by

garon

noun. lord

A Doriathrin noun for “lord” derived from the root ᴹ√ƷAR or possibly ᴹ√GAR (Ety/ƷAR), perhaps from a primitive form ✱✶ɣarān-. If so, the [[ilk|initial [ɣ] became [g]]], while the long [[ilk|[ā] became [ō]]] and then [[ilk|shortened to [o] in the final syllable of a polysyllable]].

Conceptual Development: An earlier version of this entry had Dor. garan, which likely had a short [a] in the second syllable which was preserved. Since it did not undergo the Ilkorin Syncope, the primitive form likely either had no final vowel or ended in a short [a], so the second [a] was in the final syllable, which seems to have prevented the syncope; this theory is supported by its Quenya cognate ᴹQ. haran.

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. haran “king, chieftain, lord or king of a specified region” ✧ EtyAC/ƷARA

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ƷAR “have, hold” ✧ Ety/ƷAR; EtyAC/ƷARA

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ƷAR > garon[ɣarān] > [ɣarōn] > [garōn] > [garon]✧ Ety/ƷAR
ᴹ√ƷAR > garan[ɣarana] > [ɣaran] > [garan]✧ Ety/ƷAR

Variations

  • garan ✧ EtyAC/ƷAR (Dor. garan); EtyAC/ƷARA (Dor. garan)
Doriathrin [Ety/ƷAR; EtyAC/ƷAR; EtyAC/ƷARA] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Old Noldorin 

khēro

noun. master

@@@ hard to explain unless it developed from kʰērŭ instead of kʰĕrū

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. heru “lord, master” ✧ Ety/KHER

Derivations

  • ᴹ√KHER “rule, govern, possess” ✧ Ety/KHER

Derivatives

  • N. hîr “master, lord” ✧ Ety/KHER

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√KHER > khēro[kʰēru] > [kʰēro] > [kʰēro] > [xēro]✧ Ety/KHER

Variations

  • khéro ✧ EtyAC/KHER
  • hīro ✧ PE22/029
Old Noldorin [Ety/KHER; EtyAC/KHER; PE22/029] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aran

noun. king

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ƷAR “have, hold”

Derivatives

  • N. aran “king, lord (of a specific region)”
Old Noldorin [PE22/027] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

tūrē

noun. mastery, victory

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TUR “power, control, mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. túre “mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR
  • N. tûr “mastery, victory” ✧ Ety/TUR
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TUR] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tār(ō)

noun. king

Derivations

  • ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ “high, lofty; noble” ✧ Ety/TĀ; PE21/55

Derivatives

  • Ilk. tôr “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ
  • ᴹQ. tár “king” ✧ Ety/TĀ
  • N. taur “king (of a whole tribe)” ✧ Ety/TĀ

Variations

  • tārō ✧ Ety/TĀ; Ety/TĀ
  • tā-r ✧ PE21/55
  • tā-ro ✧ PE21/55
Middle Primitive Elvish [Ety/TĀ; PE21/55] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

tûr

noun. king

Cognates

  • Eq. tur “king” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TURU “am strong” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi
  • ᴱ✶tūr(ǝ) ✧ PE13/115

Element in

Variations

  • Tur ✧ GG/15; GG/15
  • tîr ✧ PE13/115
Gnomish [GG/15; GL/72; LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi; PE13/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

túrin

masculine name. Lord

Gnomish [LT2I/Túrin; PE15/61] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tuor

masculine name. Tuor

Changes

  • TuorTûr ✧ LT2/202

Cognates

  • Eq. Tuor ✧ PE13/101

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TURU “am strong” ✧ LT1A/Tuor

Variations

  • Tûr ✧ LT2/202; LT2I/Tûr
Gnomish [LT1A/Tuor; LT1I/Tuor; LT2/202; LT2I/Tuor; LT2I/Tûr; PE13/099; PE13/101] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tîr

noun. king

maithri

noun. control

Element in

hermon

noun. lord

Cognates

malc

noun. lord

Cognates

  • Eq. malko “lord, sir”

Derivations

Element in

  • G. malcos “lordship, power, a province or principality” ✧ GL/56
  • G. malcrin “lordly, noble, mighty” ✧ GL/56

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ✶malkŭ- > malc[malku] > [malk]✧ GL/56

Variations

  • malc ✧ GL/56

Early Noldorin

tûr

noun. power

Changes

  • túrtúr “king” ✧ PE13/154

Element in

Variations

  • túr ✧ PE13/154; PE13/154 (túr)
Early Noldorin [PE13/154] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tuor

masculine name. Tuor

Variations

  • Tûr ✧ LBI/Tuor; SMI/Tûr
  • Turlin ✧ SMI/Turlin
Early Noldorin [LBI/Tuor; SMI/Tûr; SMI/Turlin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tîr

noun. king

Cognates

  • Eq. tur “king” ✧ PE13/154

Element in

  • En. balthir “evil king”
  • En. idir “no king” ✧ PE13/148
  • En. tîr idir “king without a crown” ✧ PE13/148
  • En. uthir “without a king” ✧ PE13/155 (uthir)

Variations

  • tír ✧ PE13/148; PE13/154
  • thir ✧ PE13/155 (thir)
Early Noldorin [PE13/148; PE13/154; PE13/155] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hîr

noun. lord

Derivations

  • ᴱ√HERE “rule, have power”

Variations

  • hír ✧ PE13/147
Early Noldorin [PE13/121; PE13/147] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

tur

noun. king

Cognates

  • En. tîr “king” ✧ PE13/154
  • G. tûr “king” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi

Derivations

  • ᴱ√TURU “am strong” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi; QL/095

Element in

  • Eq. turwen “princess” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. túrin “king(dom)” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. Sorontur “King of Eagles” ✧ LT1A/Sorontur
  • Eq. túrani “queen” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. túranu “king” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. turillo “prince” ✧ QL/096
  • Eq. turinqi “queen” ✧ LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi; QL/096
  • Eq. turqin “queen” ✧ QL/096 (turqin)
  • Eq. Turondo

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√TURU > Tur[tur]✧ QL/095

Variations

  • -tur ✧ LT1A/Sorontur
  • túr ✧ PE13/154; PE16/138
  • Tur ✧ QL/096
Early Quenya [LT1A/Meril-i-Turinqi; LT1A/Sorontur; PE13/154; PE16/138; QL/096] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tuor

masculine name. Tuor

Qenya cognate of Tuor in an early name list (PE13/101) attested only in its stem form Tuord-.

Cognates

  • G. Tuor ✧ PE13/101
Early Quenya [PE13/101] Group: Eldamo. Published by

túranu

noun. king

Variations

  • tūranu ✧ QL/095
Early Quenya [QL/095] Group: Eldamo. Published by

heru

noun. lord

Cognates

Derivations

  • ᴱ√HERE “rule, have power” ✧ LT1A/Valahíru; QL/040

Element in

  • Eq. heruni “lady” ✧ QL/040
  • Eq. heruvesto “husband, (lit.) lord husband” ✧ QL/040

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴱ√HERE > heru[xerū] > [xeru] > [heru]✧ QL/040

Variations

  • hēru ✧ GL/49
Early Quenya [GL/49; LT1A/Valahíru; PME/040; QL/040] Group: Eldamo. Published by

vardar

noun. king

Early Quenya [LT1A/Varda; QL/102] Group: Eldamo. Published by