Quenya 

setta

first

[setta, setya adj. "first" (possibly also "primary", but Tolkien's gloss was not certainly legible) (VT46:13)]

esta

first

esta (2) adj. "first" (ESE/ESET); this entry was marked with a query. The word Yestarë (q.v.) "Beginning-day" in LotR suggests that Tolkien decided to change the stem in question to _YESE/YESET_. We could then read *yesta for esta (but later this became a noun "beginning" rather than an adj. "first", PE17:120) and also prefix a y to the other words derived from ESE/ESET (essë* > yessë, essëa > yessëa). Estanossë noun "the firstborn", read likewise Yestanossë** (*Yestanessi?) but in a later text, Tolkien used Minnónar (q.v.) for "the Firstborn" as a name of the Elves, and this form may be preferred. _(In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the word _Estanossë is cited as "Estanesse", but according to VT45:12, the second-to-last vowel is actually o in Tolkien's manuscript.)

enna

first

[enna adj. "first" (VT45:12)]

inga

first

inga (2) adj. "first" (ING)

minya

first

minya adj. "first" (MINI) (cf. Minyatur, Minyon); "eminent, prominent" (VT42:24, 25). Minyar "Firsts", the original name of the Vanyar (or rather the direct Quenya descendant of the original Primitive Quendian name) (WJ:380)

parca

dry

parca (1) ("k")adj. "dry" (PÁRAK)

Sindarin 

mein

ordinal. first

Cognates

  • Q. minya “first; eminent, prominent” ✧ VT42/10

minui

ordinal. first

Sindarin [VT/42:10, VT/42:25] Group: SINDICT. Published by

minui

ordinal. first

Cognates

  • Q. minya “first; eminent, prominent” ✧ VT42/25
Sindarin [VT42/10; VT42/25] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ned

noun. first, *one more; first; *during

This word replaced the preposition uin “of the” in the third version of the King’s Letter, appearing in the phrase nelchaenen ned Echuir “the thirty-first day of Stirring”. Both Carl Hostetter (VT31/30) and David Salo (SG/229) theorized that this replacement has a similar prepositional function, from either √NOT “count” or √NED “middle”. Fiona Jallings suggested it might be a temporal preposition, with sense “during” (FJNS/349).

On VT47/40, note 67, Patrick Wynne suggested that this word might be a cognate of the newly published Quenya word net(ë) “one more”. This theory is supported by the most likely interpretation of nelchaenen. This word seems to mean “thirtieth” rather than “thirty-first”, and Patrick Wynne suggested that nelchaenen ned means “thirtieth and one more” = “thirty-first”. I find this theory the most compelling, and use it here.

Element in

mein

ordinal. first, (only in the sense of) prime, chief, pre-eminent

Sindarin [VT/42:10, VT/42:25] Group: SINDICT. Published by

apharch

adjective. very dry, arid

Sindarin [VT/45:5, X/PH] a- (intensive prefix) + parch, *apparkâ, ON appʰarkʰa. Group: SINDICT. Published by

main

ordinal. first, (only in the sense of) prime, chief, pre-eminent

Sindarin [VT/42:10, VT/42:25] Group: SINDICT. Published by

erui

first

(single, alone). No distinct pl. form. Some would argue that Tolkien abandoned erui as a word for ”first”.

minui

first

1) minui (lenited vinui; no distinct pl. form), 2) mîn (lenited vîn; no distinct pl. form) (isolated, towering). Note: homophones include the noun ”peak” and the number ”one”; 3) erui (single, alone). No distinct pl. form. Some would argue that Tolkien abandoned erui as a word for ”first”.

minui

first

(lenited vinui; no distinct pl. form)

mîn

first

(lenited vîn; no distinct pl. form) (isolated, towering). Note: homophones include the noun ”peak” and the number ”one”

parch

dry

parch (lenited barch; pl. perch);

parch

dry

(lenited barch; pl. perch);

apharch

very dry

(pl. epherch) (VT45:5, 36)

Telerin 

minya

ordinal. first

Cognates

  • Q. minya “first; eminent, prominent” ✧ VT42/25

Primitive elvish

minya

ordinal. first

Derivatives

  • S. main “prime, chief, pre-eminent” ✧ VT42/25
Primitive elvish [VT42/25] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Noldorin 

seth

adjective. first, forth

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. essea “?primary” ✧ EtyAC/SET

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶settā “first” ✧ EtyAC/SET
    • ᴹ√ESE(T) “precede (forward)” ✧ EtyAC/SET

Element in

  • N. Sethnoss “Firstborn, Elves” ✧ EtyAC/SET (Sethnoss); EtyAC/SET (Sethel)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶settā > seth[settā] > [setta] > [settʰa] > [seθθa] > [seθθ] > [seθ]✧ EtyAC/SET
Noldorin [EtyAC/SET] Group: Eldamo. Published by

edhen

adjective. first

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. enna “first” ✧ EtyAC/EDE

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶edenā “first” ✧ EtyAC/EDE
    • ᴹ√EDE(L) “precede, come forward, hence” ✧ EtyAC/EDE

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶edenā > eðen[edenā] > [edena] > [eðena] > [eðen]✧ EtyAC/EDE

Variations

  • eðen ✧ EtyAC/EDE (eðen)
Noldorin [EtyAC/EDE] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ereg

place name. First

Earlier name for the river S. Erui from Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s, apparently a Noldorin word meaning ereg “first” (TI/312, WR/436).

Changes

  • EregErui “First” ✧ TI/312
  • EregErui ✧ WRI/Erui
Noldorin [TI/312; TII/Ereg; WR/436; WRI/Erui] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ereg

adjective. first

Element in

  • N. Ereg “First” ✧ TI/312

Elements

WordGloss
er“one, alone”
-eg“suffix for ordinal numbers”

Variations

  • Ereg ✧ TI/312

parch

adjective. dry

Noldorin [Ety/380, VT/45:5] Group: SINDICT. Published by

parch

adjective. dry

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. parka “dry; thirsty” ✧ Ety/PÁRAK; EtyAC/A

Derivations

  • On. parkha “dry” ✧ Ety/PÁRAK; EtyAC/A
    • ᴹ√PARAK “*dry” ✧ Ety/PÁRAK
    • ᴹ✶parkā “dry” ✧ EtyAC/A

Element in

  • N. afarch “arid, very dry” ✧ EtyAC/A
  • ᴺS. parchol “towel”

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
On. parkha > parch[parxa] > [parx]✧ Ety/PÁRAK
Noldorin [Ety/PÁRAK; EtyAC/A] Group: Eldamo. Published by

afarch

adjective. very dry, arid

Noldorin [VT/45:5, X/PH] a- (intensive prefix) + parch, *apparkâ, ON appʰarkʰa. Group: SINDICT. Published by

Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!

Qenya 

esta

adjective. first

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ESE(T) “precede (forward)” ✧ Ety/ESE; EtyAC/SET

Element in

  • ᴹQ. Estanosse “Firstborn” ✧ Ety/ESE (Estanosse); EtyAC/SET (Estanor/?Estannoss)

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ESE/ESET > esta[esta]✧ Ety/ESE
Qenya [Ety/ESE; EtyAC/SET] Group: Eldamo. Published by

enna

adjective. first

Cognates

  • N. edhen “first” ✧ EtyAC/EDE

Derivations

  • ᴹ✶edenā “first” ✧ EtyAC/EDE
    • ᴹ√EDE(L) “precede, come forward, hence” ✧ EtyAC/EDE

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶edenā > enna[edenā] > [ednā] > [ennā] > [enna]✧ EtyAC/EDE

Variations

  • enna ✧ EtyAC/EDE (enna)

inga

adjective. first

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ING “first, foremost” ✧ Ety/ING

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√ING > inga[iŋga]✧ Ety/ING

minya

ordinal. first

Derivations

  • ᴹ√MIN “stand alone, stick out” ✧ Ety/MINI

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ√MINI > minya[minja]✧ Ety/MINI

Old Noldorin 

parkha

adjective. dry

Cognates

  • ᴹQ. parka “dry; thirsty” ✧ Ety/PÁRAK; EtyAC/A

Derivations

  • ᴹ√PARAK “*dry” ✧ Ety/PÁRAK
  • ᴹ✶parkā “dry” ✧ EtyAC/A

Derivatives

  • N. parch “dry” ✧ Ety/PÁRAK; EtyAC/A

Element in

  • N. afarch “arid, very dry” ✧ EtyAC/N

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
ᴹ✶parkā > parkha[parkā] > [parka] > [parkʰa] > [parxa]✧ EtyAC/A

Variations

  • park ✧ EtyAC/N
Old Noldorin [Ety/PÁRAK; EtyAC/A; EtyAC/N] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Middle Primitive Elvish

settā

adjective. first

Derivations

  • ᴹ√ESE(T) “precede (forward)” ✧ EtyAC/SET

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. essea “?primary” ✧ EtyAC/SET
  • N. seth “first, forth” ✧ EtyAC/SET
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/SET] Group: Eldamo. Published by

edenā

adjective. first

Derivations

  • ᴹ√EDE(L) “precede, come forward, hence” ✧ EtyAC/EDE

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. enna “first” ✧ EtyAC/EDE
  • N. edhen “first” ✧ EtyAC/EDE
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/EDE] Group: Eldamo. Published by

parkā

adjective. dry

Derivatives

  • ᴹQ. parka “dry; thirsty” ✧ EtyAC/A
  • On. appharkha “arid, very dry” ✧ EtyAC/A
    • N. afarch “arid, very dry” ✧ EtyAC/A
  • On. parkha “dry” ✧ EtyAC/A
    • N. parch “dry” ✧ Ety/PÁRAK; EtyAC/A

Element in

  • ᴹ✶parkā “dry” ✧ EtyAC/A
Middle Primitive Elvish [EtyAC/A] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Gnomish

seth

adjective. dry

Element in

suib

adjective. dry

Early Noldorin

tarch

adjective. dry

Changes

  • harchtarch ✧ PE13/153

Variations

  • harch ✧ PE13/153 (harch)
Early Noldorin [PE13/153] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tarf

adjective. dry

Early Noldorin [PE13/165] Group: Eldamo. Published by

Early Quenya

minya

ordinal. first

Element in

Variations

  • minya ✧ PE14/051; PE14/082; PE14/084
Early Quenya [PE14/051; PE14/082; PE14/084] Group: Eldamo. Published by